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  • Animals  (223)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (199)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (199)
  • ASTRONOMY  (156)
  • 1990-1994  (362)
  • 1980-1984  (406)
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  • 1960-1964
  • 1940-1944  (9)
  • 1992  (362)
  • 1984  (406)
  • 1940  (9)
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  • 1990-1994  (362)
  • 1980-1984  (406)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1960-1964
  • 1940-1944  (9)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and ultrastructural characterization of mammalian spermatozoa processed for flow cytometric DNA analyses (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 10 (1984), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; flow cytometry ; DNA staining ; nuclear morphology ; ultrastructure ; mammals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphological and ultrastructural changes that occur during preparation of porcine, bovine, and murine spermatozoa for flow cytometric quantification of the relative DNA content of the X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm populations were examined. Ejaculated spermatozoa from the boar and bull were washed using a series of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions prior to fixation, whereas the epididymal mouse spermatozoa were washed only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spermatozoa from all three species were then fixed in ethanol and processed for fluorochrome staining by a treatment regimen consisting of sulfhydryl reduction and proteolysis. The processed sperm nuclei were stained for DNA with the fluorochrome, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before quantification by flow cytometry. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of sperm heads taken at various steps of the preparation and staining procedures show 1) that the rigorous washing procedure disrupted the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes, 2) that ethanol fixation resulted in removal of the outer membranes and disintegration of the nuclear envelope, and 3) that thiol and proteolysis treatment removed the remaining cellular organelles including the tail and rapidly induced partial decondensation of the tightly packed chromatin. Sequential micrographs showed that the nuclear matrix of all three species increased in thickness about twofold during the preparation and staining. Consequently, the harsh procedures currently used for quantitative staining of DNA for high-resolution flow cytometric analyses destroy most cellular organelles and thereby prevent simultaneous characterization of DNA content and other sperm cell constituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120100402
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heparin inhibition of autonomous growth implicates amphiregulin as an autocrine growth factor for normal human mammary epithelial cells (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 153 (1992), S. 103-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) proliferate in a serum-free defined growth medium in the absence of epidermal growth factor (Li and Shipley, 1991). Amphiregulin (AR) is a heparin-regulated, EGF-like growth factor. Our observation that one strain of HMECs produce AR mRNA (Cook et al., 1991a) stimulated us to determine whether AR expression was a common phenomenon in HMECs and whether AR could act as an autocrin growth factor to support the EGF-independent growth of these cells. In this study, we detected high levels of AR expression in four separate HMEC strains while one immortal mammary cell line (HBL-100) and six mammary tumor-derived cell lines had low to undetectable levels of AR. The EGF-indendent growth of HMECs was blocked by the addition of heparin or a monoclonal anti-RGF receptors antibody to the culture medium, implication AR as an autocrine growth mediator. This hypothesis is further supported by the fact that medium conditioned by HMECs contains secreted AR protein. A mammary tumor-derived cell line, Hs578T, which proliferates in an EGF-independent manner, does not express detectable levels of AR and is not growth inhibited by heparin. Examination of the same cell types for expression of transforming growth factor type-alpha (TGF-α) mRNA revealed coordinate expression of AR and TGF-α in these cells. These data suggest that both AR and TGF-α mRNA are produced in much greater abundance by normal HMECs than in tumor-derived cells in culture, and that AR is an important autostimulatory factor for the growth of normal HMECs. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041530114
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  • 3
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    Giant panda paternity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, S J -- Goldman, D -- Knight, J -- Moore, H D -- Wildt, D E -- Bush, M -- Montali, R J -- Kleiman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1127-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carnivora ; Male ; *Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A Far Infrared Echelle Spectrometer for the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-18
    Description: A liquid-helium-cooled grating spectrometer (CGS) is being developed as a facility instrument for the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO), primarily to study for infrared lines originating in the interstellar medium. A maximum resolving power of approximately 6000 is achieved by means of a 45 cm long Echelle grating and is optically capable of operating in the spectral range from 25 to 300 microns. An array of detectors is used to simultaneously measure a line and the adjacent continuum from astronomical sources. Currently six detectors allow measurements in the 30 to 120 micron spectral band. The instrument, its operation, and its performance are described.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Airborne Astron. Symp.; p 313-319
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Intercomparison and interpretation of surface energy fluxes in atmospheric general circulation models (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Responses of the surface energy budgets and hydrologic cycles of 19 atmospheric general circulation models to an imposed, globally uniform sea surface temperature perturbation of 4 K were analyzed. The responses of the simulated surface energy budgets are extremely diverse and are closely linked to the responses of the simulated hydrologic cycles. The response of the net surface energy flux is not controlled by cloud effects; instead, it is determined primarily by the response of the latent heat flux. The prescribed warming of the oceans leads to major increases in the atmospheric water vapor content and the rates of evaporation and precipitation. The increased water vapor amount drastically increases the downwelling IR radiation at the earth's surface, but the amount of the change varies dramatically from one model to another.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; 3711-372
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Innovative materials processing strategies: a biomimetic approach (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-28
    Description: Many organisms construct structural ceramic (biomineral) composites from seemingly mundane materials; cell-mediated processes control both the nucleation and growth of mineral and the development of composite microarchitecture. Living systems fabricate biocomposites by: (i) confining biomineralization within specific subunit compartments; (ii) producing a specific mineral with defined crystal size and orientation; and (iii) packaging many incremental units together in a moving front process to form fully densified, macroscopic structures. By adapting biological principles, materials scientists are attempting to produce novel materials. To date, neither the elegance of the biomineral assembly mechanisms nor the intricate composite microarchitectures have been duplicated by nonbiological processing. However, substantial progress has been made in the understanding of how biomineralization occurs, and the first steps are now being taken to exploit the basic principles involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heuer, A H -- Fink, D J -- Laraia, V J -- Arias, J L -- Calvert, P D -- Kendall, K -- Messing, G L -- Blackwell, J -- Rieke, P C -- Thompson, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Feb 28;255(5048):1098-105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1546311" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Matrix ; Calcification, Physiologic ; *Ceramics ; Chickens ; Crystallography
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    The IL-6 signal transducer, gp130: an oncostatin M receptor and affinity converter for the LIF receptor (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are multifunctional cytokines with many similar activities. LIF is structurally and functionally related to another cytokine, Oncostatin M (OSM), that binds to the high-affinity LIF receptor but not to the low-affinity LIF receptor. A complementary DNA was isolated that encodes the high-affinity converting subunit of the LIF receptor. The converter conferred high-affinity binding of both LIF and OSM when expressed with the low-affinity LIF receptor and is identical to the signal transducing subunit of the IL-6 receptor, gp130. The gp130 subunit alone confers low-affinity binding of OSM when expressed in COS-7 cells. This receptor system resembles the high-affinity receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-3, and IL-5, which share a common subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gearing, D P -- Comeau, M R -- Friend, D J -- Gimpel, S D -- Thut, C J -- McGourty, J -- Brasher, K K -- King, J A -- Gillis, S -- Mosley, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1434-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunex Research and Development Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1542794" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, CD ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cytokine Receptor gp130 ; Growth Inhibitors/*metabolism ; Interleukin-6/*metabolism ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ; Lymphokines/*metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Oncostatin M ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Radioligand Assay ; *Receptors, Cytokine ; Receptors, Immunologic/*metabolism ; Receptors, OSM-LIF ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Autoimmunity and increased c-myb transcription (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-30
    Description: A single recessive gene, lpr, induces an autoimmune-lymphoproliferative syndrome in several strains of mice. The lymphoid organs of lpr/lpr mice contained cells with increased amounts of myb RNA, which codes for a protein found in the nucleus. A similar human lymphoproliferative disorder also had an increase in c-myb expression. Mouse T cells induced by mitogens to proliferate did not express large amounts of myb RNA, indicating that marked myb expression is not a general feature of lymphocyte activation and proliferation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mountz, J D -- Steinberg, A D -- Klinman, D M -- Smith, H R -- Mushinski, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoantibodies/*genetics ; Autoimmune Diseases/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes, Recessive ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Species Specificity ; Spleen/immunology ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Epidermal growth factor immunoreactive material in the central nervous system: location and development (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogen with hormonal activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Material cross-reacting with EGF was detected in the central nervous system of the developing and adult albino rat by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. High concentrations of EGF-cross-reacting material were identified in forebrain and midbrain structures of pallidal areas of the brain. These include the globus pallidus, ventral pallidum, entopeduncular nucleus, substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the islands of Calleja . Thus, EGF may represent another gut-brain peptide with potential neurotransmitter-neuromodulator functions in pallidal structures of the extrapyramidal motor systems of the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fallon, J H -- Seroogy, K B -- Loughlin, S E -- Morrison, R S -- Bradshaw, R A -- Knaver, D J -- Cunningham, D D -- GM31609/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS16017/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS19964/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1107-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6144184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/growth & development/*physiology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*physiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Globus Pallidus/physiology ; Mitogens/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Hypoxic coordinate regulation of mitochondrial enzymes in mammalian cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: The effect of hypoxic exposure on various mitochondrial enzymes and on cell mitochondrial genomic content was studied in two types of mammalian cells. Hypoxia depressed the activity of six enzymes to the same degree. The kinetics of depression and of recovery during reexposure to normoxia were statistically similar for three marker enzymes. Despite the global and symmetrical decrease in enzyme activities, mitochondrial DNA remained constant. This suggests either symmetrical loss of mitochondrial enzymes from all mitochondria or complete loss of enzymes from a subpopulation of mitochondria with retention of an intact mitochondrial genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, B J -- Robin, E D -- Tapper, D P -- Wong, R J -- Clayton, D A -- 5 R01 HL23701-14/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):707-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aerobiosis ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics/*metabolism ; Macrophages/*enzymology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*enzymology ; Mitochondria, Muscle/*enzymology ; Oxidoreductases/genetics/*metabolism ; Oxo-Acid-Lyases/*metabolism ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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