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  • Chemistry  (7)
  • Seed coating  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1935-1939
  • 1915-1919
  • 1988  (5)
  • 1987  (5)
  • 1959
  • 1956
  • 1935
  • 1917
  • 1916
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1935-1939
  • 1915-1919
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium peroxide as a seed coating material for padi rice (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 99 (1987), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcium peroxide ; Oxygen ; Padi rice ; Seed coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Measurement of oxygen uptake by germinating rice seed (Oryza sativa L) suggests that oxygen requirement is independent of temperature of incubation. However, the rate of oxygen consumption is dependent upon incubation temperature and, after an initial lag phase, is exponential with time. Although rice seed can germinate and grow at low oxygen concentrations, germination is poor and seedlings exhibit low vigour. An oxidized zone may be observed around the seed when sown in an anoxic environment but coated with a layer of calcium peroxide. The seed germinates readily and develops normally when a sufficient level of calcium peroxide is used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370881
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium peroxide as a seed coating material for padi rice (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 99 (1987), S. 379-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcium peroxide ; Oxygen ; Padi rice ; Seed coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Glasshouse trials indicate the optimum coating for rice seed as 35% (w/w) on seed weight of 60% calcium peroxide. Coatings in excess of this show no improvement and a 20% (w/w) coating gives comparable results to pregerminated seed. As compared with untreated or pregerminated seeds an optimum seed coating of calcium peroxide increases the number of seedlings emerging through the water layer when rice seed is sown on the soil surface of waterlogged soil or at a depth of 1 cm below the soil surface. The coating is applicable to a wide range of rice growing temperatures and not influenced by soil type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370883
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium peroxide as a seed coating material for padi rice (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 99 (1987), S. 365-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcium peroxide ; Magnesium peroxide ; Oxygen ; Padi rice ; Seed coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Redox and chemical analysis techniques have measured the decomposition of calcium peroxide-coated rice seed (Oryza sativa L.) under flooded padi conditions. Decomposition rates, even in acid soils at high temperatures, are show enough to extend over the oxygen demand period of the germinating seed. Rice seeds coated with calcium peroxide are relatively stable and viable over a wide range of storage conditions. Magnesium peroxide coatings decomposition at approximately half the rate of calcium peroxide coatings. Differences in alkalinity, cation and oxygen release rate make magnesium peroxide a useful alternative system to calcium peroxide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370882
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organosolv pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplars: I. Enzyme hydrolysis of cellulosic residues (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 643-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspen (Populus tremuloides) and black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) organosolv pulps produced in a wide range of solvent composition (between 30 and 70% by volume of methanol) and catalysts (H2SO4 and H3PO4) such that the cooking liquor pH ≤ 3 are easily digested by enzymes. The total yields of hydrolysis residues (pulps) are in the 40-60% range; the acid-catalyzed delignification followed by enzyme hydrolysis can generate 70-88% of the original six-carbon sugars contained in the wood. Glucomannan and arablnogalactan are dissolved into the pulping liquor in the pH range of 2-4.5. Lower pH (≤3) leads to additional solubilization of six-carbon sugars. These sugars may be fermented directly. From the insoluble hydrolysis residues, 36-41% conversions of wood into fermentable sugars were obtained after enzyme hydrolysis; the starting feedstocks contain 50.8 and 46.6% hexosans, respectively, for aspen and black cotton-wood. The kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose can be formally treated as two simultaneous pseudo-first-order reactions in which fast and slow hydrolyses of cellulose occur. Correlations between the glucan digestibility and the effect of the pretreatment have been made. The higher residual xylan content reduces the amount of the rapidly hydrolyzable glucan fraction and lowers the glucan digestibility. The proposed simple kinetic treatment is very helpful in assessing the effect of the pretreatment on pulp enzyme hydrolyzability.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310703
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microfibril-generating factor from the cellulase of Trichoderma reesei (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A combination of ionic strength reduction and diafiltration of Trichoderma reesei cellulate complex through a hollow fiber apparatus of 5000 molecular weight (MW) cutoff and subsequent passage of filtrate over a Spherogel-TSK 3000-SW column provided extracts that had the ability to generate microfibrils in filter paper and to disrupt filter paper and corn leaf tissue. Milligram quantities of material obtained from these extracts released small amounts of soluble carbohydrate from filter paper, required ferric iron for increased activity, and contained amino acids. Short fiber formation and disruption of filter paper during interaction with these extracts was enhanced by prior acid treatment and eliminated by prior base treatment. The amount of soluble carbohydrate hydrolyzed in 24 h from filter paper by whole cellulase complex was not changed by first disrupting the substrate with the extracts.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310407
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polystyrene-polyethylene melt blends obtained through reactive mixing process (1987)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 27 (1987), S. 1634-1641 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Reactive polystyrene (OPS) and reactive polyethylene (CPE) with oxazoline and carboxylic acid functionality, respectively, were melt blended in a Rheomix mixer under a variety of conditions. The properties of these blends were examined and correlated with the compositions and mixing conditions such as shear rate, time, and temperature. An increase in torque was observed, which is believed related to chemical reaction between OPS and CPE. The difference between the maximum and minimum torque (Tmax-Tmin), increases from 48 to a maximum of 510 m-g for 10 and 40% CPE reacted blends, respectively, But on further increase in the CPE amount in the blend the torque increase drops reaching a final minimum value of 133 m-g for a blend with 90% CPE. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) studies reveal a single first order transition, due to CPE, for each of these polymer blends. Furthermore, evidence of the glass transition temperature for OPS diminishes with increasing CPE content and mixing time. Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) show a fine dispersion in these reactive blends, with particle size much smaller than a micron. Blends with 50% or more CPE have no distinguishable features as such. Mechanical properties such as elongation at break of reacted blends are improved over the nonreactive polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) blends. An intermolecular reaction between the OPS and CPE results in a graft polymer, which imparts improvement in the overall properties of these reacted blends. The maximum grafting reaction corresponds to 40% CPE blend, which is being evaluated as a potential compatibilizer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760272110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rubber toughening of polystyrene through reactive blending (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 1427-1433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber having carboxylic acid groups (XNBR) and polystyrene having oxazoline groups, were melt blended in a Rheomix mixer under optimized conditions, The ratio of rubber to polystyrene phase was kept constant at 1:4 by weight. The concentration of the reactive oxazoline groups in the polystyrene phase was varied by mixing polystyrene (PS) with a copolymer of styrene and vinyl oxazoline (OPS). A torque rise observed during blending was found to be related to the concentration of oxazoline-carboxylic acid pairs. This torque rise, and independently measured increases in viscosity, both indicate inter-polymer crosslinkihg. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the blends. Improved rubber phase dispersion was observed with increasing oxazoline concentration. Instrumented impact strength measurements were made using an unnotched Charpy technique. The plastic yielding was then quantified with the use of a ductility ratio. The impact strengths and ductility of the reactive blends are found to be up to 73% greater than those of the corresponding non-reactive blends. Increasing the OPS concentration beyond 5% results in decreasing impact strength, for as the compatibility increases, the rubber particle size decreases below an effective size for rubber toughening. Similar impact improvement is observed when the major PS phase is substituted with high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing some OPS.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760282112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Octafluorotoluene as a derivatizing agent for steroids in human plasma (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1988), S. 211-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of octafluorotoluene (OFT) as a versatile gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric derivatizing agent for steroids containing alcoholic, phenolic or α,β-unsaturated keto functions, is described. Two distinct derivatizing schemes can be utilized, involving (method 1) a phase-transfer reaction, employing a two-phase system of CH2Cl2 and N NaOH with n-Bu4NHSO4 as catalyst (suitable for alcoholic and phenolic steroids) and (method 2) a reaction conducted in anhydrous dimethylformamide at 155°C with CsF as base (appropriate for α,β-unsaturated keto steroids). Perfluorotolyl (PFT) ethers and/or enol ethers have thus been generated. The electron impact spectra display abundant high-mass molecular ions where derivatization has occurred at a phenolic or enolic function. An extraction, derivatization and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric scheme has been devised involving method 2 for the analysis of steroids in human plasma. A preliminary quantitative investigation of the levels of testosterone in plasma has been carried out employing these methods. The anomalously high level found is explained in terms of the presence in plasma of lipid-soluble derivatives of testosterone (probably fatty acid esters) which generate the testosterone bis-OFT derivative under the reaction conditions employed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200160138
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identity of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum polypeptides: Correlation of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results from different laboratories (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 8 (1987), S. 77-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As the first step in a cooperative effort to standardize the identification of the polypeptides of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results obtained in 16 laboratories were compared. Although it was possible to correlate the positions of 16 of the major polypeptide bands, the cross-identification of many of the polypeptides was ambiguous, particularly in the low molecular weight range. Two-dimensional electrophoresis provided an improved means of separating and characterizing T. pallidum polypeptides as isolated molecular species. An approach to the unambiguous identification of treponemal polypeptides was outlined which will utilize two-dimensional electrophoresis in combination with specific properties attributable to individual proteins, including reactivity with monoclonal antibodies or monospecific antisera, biochemical and structural properties, and sequence information. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, two-dimensional electrophoresis in conjunction with immunoperoxidase staining was used to specifically identify three cloned T. pallidum proteins.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150080202
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Rheological Properties of Plasticized Nitrocellulose as a function of nitrocellulose precursor (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 13 (1988), S. 99-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Propellant cords have been manufactured from nitrocellulose/nitroglycerin (50/50) pastes containing different types of nitrocellulose. The cords were manufactured using a solvent wet process involving incorporation and extrusion in the highly instrumented propellants processing facility at Waltham Abbey. It has been shown that the biological source from which the nitrocellulose is manufactured (wood or cotton) has a significant influence upon the dough rheology, cord diameter, shear heating and ultimate tensile strength of the dried cords. Additionally, the influence of extrusion rate upon the above parameters has been highlighted. This work compliments that previously undertaken upon the influence of nitrocellulose molecular weight on the properties of propellant doughs and dried cords.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19880130402
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