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  • Articles  (1,059)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (522)
  • Humans  (186)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (78)
  • 1985-1989  (1,053)
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  • Articles  (1,059)
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  • 1985-1989  (1,053)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement (2D NOESY) data are reported for the polypentapeptide of elastin, poly(VPGVG), and the cyclopentadecapeptide, cyclo(VPGVG)3. In both, the repeating type II Pro2-Gly3 β-turn can be derived from the NOE data, providing confirmation of many previous studies. In addition, other through-space connectivities are detailed that also compare favorably with previously determined crystal and solution structures for cyclo(VPGVG)3. Also, near identical data for the cyclopentadecapeptide and the polypentapeptide demonstrate the cyclic conformation-linear (helical) conformational correlate relationship between the two molecules. The 2D NOESY experiment is seen to be an effective means of establishing the presence or absence of a conformational relationship between a cyclic repeating sequence and its higher molecular weight linear counterpart. This is an approach of substantial practical value when developing the conformation of sequential polypeptides and when attempting to identify the presence of the conformation of a repeating peptide sequence within a more complex primary structure.Having established the basic conformational relationship between a cyclic conformation and its linear helical counterpart, cross peaks present in the linear helical structure that are not present in the cyclic conformational correlate can provide information on the interactions between adjacent turns of the helix. In this connection, a ValγCH3 ↔ ProβCH2 interaction is reported that can be the basis for determining the number of pentamers per turn of helix once it is determined whether it is dominantly the Val1 or Val4γCH3 that is interacting with the Pro2βCH2.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 1572-1576 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34 (1989), S. 559-562 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 1 (1989), S. 399-400 
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: elastase inhibitors ; β-lactams ; lung damage ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Human polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMN elastase) is inhibited by L-659, 286 (7α-methoxy-8-oxo-3-[[(1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,4-triaz-in-3-yl)thio]methyl]-5-thia-1-aza-6R-bicyclo [4.2.O]oct-2-ene-2-pyrrolidine carboxamide-5,-dioxide) with a Ki of 0.4 μM. This inhibition is time-dependent, rapid, and only slowly reversible, with a t1/2 of 〉 3 days at 25°C. L-659, 286 is also highly selective for PMN elastase, as it does not inhibit thrombin, trypsin, papain, plasmin, chymotrypsin, or cathepsin G. L-659, 286 administered intratracheally inhibits lung damage caused by administration via the same route of human PMN elastase into hamsters. In marmosets, L-659, 286 is cleared from blood very rapidly after an intravenous injection but is recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for several hours after intratracheal administration.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 147-162 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The fusion welding behavior of a medium density polyethylene resin has been studied for a wide range of heating rates using a recently developed test methodology. With this method, the thermal and physical phenomena occurring at the interface of two thin polyethylene pieces assembled by fusion can be studied. It consists of a thermal welding phase and a phase of mechanical separation of the welded assembly. For the mechanical phase, an adaptation of the T-peel test was used. These conditions make it possible to determine the thermal welding parameters (temperature, time) for optimal mechanical quality of the joint, according to a criterion established by optimization of the peel test used. The variations in minimum temperature required for an optimum weld, as a function of heating rate, can be simulated with a numerical model based on the concept of macromolecular interdiffusion. Consistent with the experimental behavior, the numerical model involves two parameters characteristic of the diffusion behavior of the polyethylene resin. Thus, these parameters characterize the weldability of the polyethylene resin under study.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 131 (1985), S. 145-155 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The application of electron irradiated polypropylene granulate as a nucleating agent in extrusion has recently been suggested. This article discusses the chemical characterisation of such an electron treated granulate. Since the irradiation is carried out under atmospheric conditions, the relationship between decomposition, crosslinking and oxidation products has been determined. Oxidation is confined principally to the outermost molecular layers and leads to the formation of carbonyl groups via peroxide intermediates. As well as specific group tests, ESCA has been used to measure the degree of oxidation and for indirect determination of vinyl groups after bromination.
    Notes: In jüngster Zeit wird der Einsatz von elektronen-bestrahltem Polypropylengranulat als Nukleierungsmittel bei der Extrusion vorgeschlagen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der chemischen Charakterisierung der elektronen-bestrahlten Granulate. Da die Bestrahlung unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen stattfindet, werden nicht nur der Zusammenhang von Abbau und Vernetzung, sondern auch Oxidationsprodukte bestimmt. Die oxidative Schädigung findet hauptsächlich in den oberen Moleküllagen statt und führt über peroxidische Zwischenprodukte zur Entstehung von Carbonylgruppen. Neben für funktionelle Gruppen spezifischen Nachweismethoden wird die oberflächen-spezifische ESCA-Methode zur Erfassung des Oxidationsgrades und zur indirekten Vinylgruppenbestimmung nach der Bromierung eingesetzt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The supermolecular structures of polyethylene filaments prepared by crystallization from solution in extensional flow at different crystallization temperatures as well as of annealed and zone-drawn samples have been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction methods. The lattice distortions in the crystallites of such samples are quantitatively determined for the first time. The results show that a direct correlation between the crystallite dimensions and the amount of lattice distortions on the one hand and the axial Young's modulus on the other hand can be excluded. Based on X-ray, mechanical and shrinkage investigations, some parameters of the structure of the non-crystalline regions are estimated. A structure model for the high-modulus polyethylene filaments is discussed.
    Notes: Die übermolekulare Struktur scherkristallisierter PE-Fäden unterschiedlicher Kristallisationstemperatur sowie getemperter und zonengereckter Proben wird mittels Röntgenbeugung charakterisiert. Erstmalig an derartigen Fäden werden die Gitterstörungen in den Kristalliten quantitativ angegeben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen den Kristallitgrößen und dem Ausmaß der Gitterstörungen einerseits und dem axialen E-Modulandereseits ausgeschlossen werden kann. Auf Basis von Röntgen-, Modul- und Schrumpfmessungen werden Abschätzungen zum Aufbau der ungeordneten Bereiche durchgeführt und daraus Modellvorstellungen zur Struktur hochmoduliger PE-Fäden mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mittels der Feldgradienten-Impuls-NMR wurden die Selbstdiffusionskoeffizienten Ds der Makromolekiile in an Luft γ-hestrahlten Polyethylenproben in Abhangigkeit von Ds von der Schichttiefe gemessen. Auf Basis der chemischen Reaktionen der Radikale wird eine Gleichung abgeleitet, die die Abhangigkeit von 8,von der Schichttiefe in Gebieten mit kinetisch und diffusiv kontrollierter Oxidation beschreibt. Der Einflulß der Kristallinitat sowic der Intensitat und Temperatur der Bestrahlung auf die Dicke der oxidiertcn Schicht wird untcrsucht.
    Notes: Layer-by-layer study of commercial polyethylene samples, γ-irradiated in air, was carried out by measuring the selfdiffusion coefficient Ds of macromolecules by means of pulsed field gradient NMR. On the basis of chemical reactions of the radicals an equation is obtained, describing the dependence of Ds on the layer depth in the kinetic and diffusive oxidation regions. The effect of crystallinity, radiation intensity and temperature on the thickness of the oxidized layer is examined.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1989-08-18
    Description: CD4 is a cell surface glycoprotein that is thought to interact with nonpolymorphic determinants of class II major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules. CD4 is also the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), binding with high affinity to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, gp120. Homolog-scanning mutagenesis was used to identify CD4 regions that are important in class II MHC binding and to determine whether the gp120 and class II MHC binding sites of CD4 are related. Class II MHC binding was abolished by mutations in each of the first three immunoglobulin-like domains of CD4. The gp120 binding could be abolished without affecting class II MHC binding and vice versa, although at least one mutation examined reduced both functions significantly. These findings indicate that, while there may be overlap between the gp120 and class II MHC binding sites of CD4, these sites are distinct and can be separated. Thus it should be possible to design CD4 analogs that can block HIV infectivity but intrinsically lack the ability to affect the normal immune response by binding to class II MHC molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamarre, D -- Ashkenazi, A -- Fleury, S -- Smith, D H -- Sekaly, R P -- Capon, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 18;245(4919):743-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2549633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface ; Binding Sites ; DNA, Recombinant ; HIV/*metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; HLA-DP Antigens/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Receptors, HIV ; Receptors, Virus/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Retroviridae Proteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Rosette Formation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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