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  • Articles  (136)
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  • Nature  (7)
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  • 1
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    Willingness to use couples HIV testing and discussion of sexual agreements among heterosexuals (2015)
    SpringerOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-14
    Description: Couples HIV Testing and Counseling (CHTC) has been used as an HIV prevention strategy in Africa for over 20 years where the HIV epidemic is largely concentrated among sexually active heterosexuals. In recent years, CHTC has been adapted for men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US. A central element of the CHTC intervention as adapted for male couples in the US is the discussion of sexual agreements by the dyad during the CHTC session. Given the success of CHTC for heterosexual couples in Africa, it seems appropriate that CHTC could also be provided to heterosexual couples in the US. However, little is known about heterosexual’s willingness to utilize CHTC services including discussion of sexual agreements. This small, preliminary qualitative study sheds new light on the potential for CHTC adoption among heterosexuals in the US. Four focus groups were conducted with heterosexual men and women attending a publicly-funded STI clinic, to explore the potential feasibility and acceptability of CHTC with heterosexuals. The results are similar to those seen for MSM: high levels of willingness to use CHTC, perceptions of the advantages of using CHTC, and willingness to discuss sexual agreements; all necessary conditions for the successful roll-out of CHTC. Further work is now needed with larger samples of high-risk heterosexuals to more completely understand the typologies of sexual agreements and the common language used for sexual agreements in heterosexual relationships. These early data show great promise that CHTC can achieve the same levels of willingness, fit, and acceptability among heterosexual couples as currently experienced by male couples in the US.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-1801
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by SpringerOpen
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  • 2
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    Acceptability and willingness among men who have sex with men (MSM) to use a tablet-based HIV risk assessment in a clinical setting (2014)
    SpringerOpen
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-03
    Description: We developed an iPad-based application to administer an HIV risk assessment tool in a clinical setting. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) to assess their opinions about using such a device to share risk behavior information in a clinical setting. Participants were asked about their current assessment of their risk or any risk reduction strategies that they discussed with their healthcare providers. Participants were then asked to provide feedback about the iPad-based risk assessment, their opinions about using it in a clinic setting, and suggestions on how the assessment could be improved. FGD participants were generally receptive to the idea of using an iPad-based risk assessment during healthcare visits. Based on the results of the FGDs, an iPad-based risk assessment is a promising method for identifying those patients at highest risk for HIV transmission.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-1801
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by SpringerOpen
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  • 3
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    Adaptation of the African couples HIV testing and counseling model for men who have sex with men in the United States: an application of the ADAPT-ITT framework (2014)
    SpringerOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: To respond to the need for new HIV prevention services for men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, and to respond to new data on the key role of main partnerships in US MSM epidemics, we sought to develop a new service for joint HIV testing of male couples. We used the ADAPT-ITT framework to guide our work. From May 2009 to July 2013, a multiphase process was undertaken to identify an appropriate service as the basis for adaptation, collect data to inform the adaptation, adapt the testing service, develop training materials, test the adapted service, and scale up and evaluate the initial version of the service. We chose to base our adaptation on an African couples HIV testing service that was developed in the 1980s and has been widely disseminated in low- and middle-income countries. Our adaptation was informed by qualitative data collections from MSM and HIV counselors, multiple online surveys of MSM, information gathering from key stakeholders, and theater testing of the adapted service with MSM and HIV counselors. Results of initial testing indicate that the adapted service is highly acceptable to MSM and to HIV counselors, that there are no evident harms (e.g., intimate partner violence, relationship dissolution) associated with the service, and that the service identifies a substantial number of HIV serodiscordant male couples. The story of the development and scale-up of the adapted service illustrates how multiple public and foundation funding sources can collaborate to bring a prevention adaptation from concept to public health application, touching on research, program evaluation, implementation science, and public health program delivery. The result of this process is an adapted couples HIV testing approach, with training materials and handoff from academic partners to public health for assessment of effectiveness and consideration of the potential benefits of implementation; further work is needed to optimally adapt the African couples testing service for use with male-female couples in the United States.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-1801
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
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    The haemangioblast generates haematopoietic cells through a haemogenic endothelium stage (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-02-03
    Description: It has been proposed that during embryonic development haematopoietic cells arise from a mesodermal progenitor with both endothelial and haematopoietic potential called the haemangioblast. A conflicting theory instead associates the first haematopoietic cells with a phenotypically differentiated endothelial cell that has haematopoietic potential (that is, a haemogenic endothelium). Support for the haemangioblast concept was initially provided by the identification during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation of a clonal precursor, the blast colony-forming cell (BL-CFC), which gives rise to blast colonies with both endothelial and haematopoietic components. Although recent studies have now provided evidence for the presence of this bipotential precursor in vivo, the precise mechanism for generation of haematopoietic cells from the haemangioblast still remains completely unknown. Here we demonstrate that the haemangioblast generates haematopoietic cells through the formation of a haemogenic endothelium intermediate, providing the first direct link between these two precursor populations. The cell population containing the haemogenic endothelium is transiently generated during BL-CFC development. This cell population is also present in gastrulating mouse embryos and generates haematopoietic cells on further culture. At the molecular level, we demonstrate that the transcription factor Tal1 (also known as Scl; ref. 10) is indispensable for the establishment of this haemogenic endothelium population whereas the core binding factor Runx1 (also known as AML1; ref. 11) is critical for generation of definitive haematopoietic cells from haemogenic endothelium. Together our results merge the two a priori conflicting theories on the origin of haematopoietic development into a single linear developmental process.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661201/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661201/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lancrin, Christophe -- Sroczynska, Patrycja -- Stephenson, Catherine -- Allen, Terry -- Kouskoff, Valerie -- Lacaud, Georges -- A5297/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):892-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07679. Epub 2009 Jan 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19182774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology/embryology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hemangioblasts/*cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Catalysis: dual catalysis at the flick of a switch (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Devery, James J 3rd -- Stephenson, Corey R J -- England -- Nature. 2015 Mar 5;519(7541):42-3. doi: 10.1038/519042a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25739627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon/*chemistry ; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic/*methods ; Hydrogen/*chemistry ; *Photochemical Processes
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Gene expression variability across cells and species shapes innate immunity (2018)
    Springer Nature
    In: Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 7
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    Single-cell reconstruction of the early maternal–fetal interface in humans (2018)
    Springer Nature
    In: Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 8
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    Erratum to: Adaptation of the African couples HIV testing and counseling model for men who have sex with men in the United States: an application of the ADAPT-ITT framework (2016)
    SpringerOpen
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-11
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-1801
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
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    Intravenous delivery of a multi-mechanistic cancer-targeted oncolytic poxvirus in humans (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: The efficacy and safety of biological molecules in cancer therapy, such as peptides and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), could be markedly increased if high concentrations could be achieved and amplified selectively in tumour tissues versus normal tissues after intravenous administration. This has not been achievable so far in humans. We hypothesized that a poxvirus, which evolved for blood-borne systemic spread in mammals, could be engineered for cancer-selective replication and used as a vehicle for the intravenous delivery and expression of transgenes in tumours. JX-594 is an oncolytic poxvirus engineered for replication, transgene expression and amplification in cancer cells harbouring activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Ras pathway, followed by cell lysis and anticancer immunity. Here we show in a clinical trial that JX-594 selectively infects, replicates and expresses transgene products in cancer tissue after intravenous infusion, in a dose-related fashion. Normal tissues were not affected clinically. This platform technology opens up the possibility of multifunctional products that selectively express high concentrations of several complementary therapeutic and imaging molecules in metastatic solid tumours in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breitbach, Caroline J -- Burke, James -- Jonker, Derek -- Stephenson, Joe -- Haas, Andrew R -- Chow, Laura Q M -- Nieva, Jorge -- Hwang, Tae-Ho -- Moon, Anne -- Patt, Richard -- Pelusio, Adina -- Le Boeuf, Fabrice -- Burns, Joe -- Evgin, Laura -- De Silva, Naomi -- Cvancic, Sara -- Robertson, Terri -- Je, Ji-Eun -- Lee, Yeon-Sook -- Parato, Kelley -- Diallo, Jean-Simon -- Fenster, Aaron -- Daneshmand, Manijeh -- Bell, John C -- Kirn, David H -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 31;477(7362):99-102. doi: 10.1038/nature10358.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jennerex Inc., 450 Sansome Street, 16th floor, San Francisco, California 94111, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21886163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; DNA, Viral/blood ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/pathology/surgery/*therapy/virology ; *Oncolytic Virotherapy ; Oncolytic Viruses/*physiology ; Organisms, Genetically Modified/physiology ; Poxviridae/*physiology ; Transgenes/genetics ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 10
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    NASA: what now? (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2011-04-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bushnell, Dennis -- Garneau, Marc -- Logsdon, John M -- Sagdeev, Roald -- Lu, Ed -- Mountain, Matt -- Stephenson, Neal -- England -- Nature. 2011 Apr 7;472(7341):27-9. doi: 10.1038/472027a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21475173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronauts/trends ; Mars ; Minor Planets ; Research/economics/trends ; Robotics/economics/trends ; Space Flight/economics/trends ; Spacecraft/economics ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/economics/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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