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Advances in Science and Research. 2007; 1(1): 23-26. Published 2007 Dec 06. doi: 10.5194/asr-1-23-2007. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2007; 1(1): 9-13. Published 2007 Sep 19. doi: 10.5194/asr-1-9-2007. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 5-8. Published 2008 Apr 07. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-5-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 57-60. Published 2008 May 22. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-57-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 89-98. Published 2008 May 28. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-89-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 2(1): 145-150. Published 2009 Jan 08. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-145-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 133-135. Published 2009 Oct 21. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-133-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 17-21. Published 2009 Apr 02. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-17-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 23-26. Published 2009 Apr 07. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-23-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 45-51. Published 2009 Apr 15. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-45-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 59-62. Published 2009 Apr 27. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-59-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 79-84. Published 2009 Apr 29. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-79-2009. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 1-4. Published 2015 Feb 17. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-1-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 11-21. Published 2015 Mar 03. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-11-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 111-119. Published 2015 Jun 09. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-111-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 121-125. Published 2015 Jun 16. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-121-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 163-169. Published 2015 Jul 14. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-163-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 171-177. Published 2015 Jul 24. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-171-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 187-198. Published 2015 Jul 29. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-187-2015. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 199-205. Published 2015 Jul 30. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-199-2015. (1)
101466

Zeitschrift

Advances in Science and Research. 2007; 1(1): 23-26. Published 2007 Dec 06. doi: 10.5194/asr-1-23-2007. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2007; 1(1): 9-13. Published 2007 Sep 19. doi: 10.5194/asr-1-9-2007. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 5-8. Published 2008 Apr 07. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-5-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 57-60. Published 2008 May 22. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-57-2008. (1)
Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 89-98. Published 2008 May 28. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-89-2008. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 2(1): 145-150. Published 2009 Jan 08. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-145-2008. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 133-135. Published 2009 Oct 21. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-133-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 17-21. Published 2009 Apr 02. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-17-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 23-26. Published 2009 Apr 07. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-23-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 45-51. Published 2009 Apr 15. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-45-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 59-62. Published 2009 Apr 27. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-59-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 79-84. Published 2009 Apr 29. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-79-2009. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 1-4. Published 2015 Feb 17. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-1-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 11-21. Published 2015 Mar 03. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-11-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 111-119. Published 2015 Jun 09. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-111-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 121-125. Published 2015 Jun 16. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-121-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 163-169. Published 2015 Jul 14. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-163-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 171-177. Published 2015 Jul 24. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-171-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 187-198. Published 2015 Jul 29. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-187-2015. (1)

Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 199-205. Published 2015 Jul 30. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-199-2015. (1)

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Data quality control and homogenization of air temperature and precipitation series in the area of the Czech Republic in the period 1961–2007 (2009)

Štěpánek, P. ; Zahradníček, P. ; Skalák, P.

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 23-26. Published 2009 Apr 07. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-23-2009.

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Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-07

Beschreibung: Quality control and homogenization has to be undertaken prior to any data analysis in order to eliminate any erroneous values and non climatic biases in time series. In this work we describe and then apply our own approach to data quality control, combining several methods: (i) by applying limits derived from interquartile ranges (ii) by analyzing difference series between candidate and neighbouring stations and (iii) by comparing the series values tested with "expected'' values – technical series created by means of statistical methods for spatial data (e.g. IDW, kriging). Because of the presence of noise in series, statistical homogeneity tests render results with some degree of uncertainty. In this work, the use of various statistical tests and reference series made it possible to increase considerably the number of homogeneity test results for each series and thus to assess homogeneity more reliably. Inhomogeneities were corrected on a daily scale. These methodological approaches are demonstrated by use of the daily data of air temperature and precipitation measured in the area of the Czech Republic. Series were processed by means of developed ProClimDB and AnClim software (http://www.climahom.eu).

Print ISSN: 1992-0628

Digitale ISSN: 1992-0636

Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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The INTENSE project: using observations and models to understand the past, present and future of sub-daily rainfall extremes (2018)

Blenkinsop, Stephen ; Fowler, Hayley J. ; Barbero, Renaud ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2018; 15: 117-126. Published 2018 Jun 19. doi: 10.5194/asr-15-117-2018.

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-19

Beschreibung: Historical in situ sub-daily rainfall observations are essential for the understanding of short-duration rainfall extremes but records are typically not readily accessible and data are often subject to errors and inhomogeneities. Furthermore, these events are poorly quantified in projections of future climate change making adaptation to the risk of flash flooding problematic. Consequently, knowledge of the processes contributing to intense, short-duration rainfall is less complete compared with those on daily timescales. The INTENSE project is addressing this global challenge by undertaking a data collection initiative that is coupled with advances in high-resolution climate modelling to better understand key processes and likely future change. The project has so far acquired data from over 23 000 rain gauges for its global sub-daily rainfall dataset (GSDR) and has provided evidence of an intensification of hourly extremes over the US. Studies of these observations, combined with model simulations, will continue to advance our understanding of the role of local-scale thermodynamics and large-scale atmospheric circulation in the generation of these events and how these might change in the future.

Print ISSN: 1992-0628

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Atmospheric station Křešín u Pacova, Czech Republic – a Central European research infrastructure for studying greenhouse gases, aerosols and air quality (2015)

Dvorská, A. ; Sedlák, P. ; Schwarz, J. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 79-83. Published 2015 May 06. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-79-2015.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-05-06

Beschreibung: Long-lasting research infrastructures covering the research areas of atmospheric chemistry, meteorology and climatology are of highest importance. The Atmospheric Station (AS) Křešín u Pacova, central Czech Republic, is focused on monitoring of the occurence and long-range transport of greenhouse gases, atmospheric aerosols, selected gaseous atmospheric pollutants and basic meteorological characteristics. The AS and its 250 m tall tower was built according to the recommendations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) and cooperates with numerous national and international projects and monitoring programmes. First measurements conducted at ground started in 2012, vertical profile measurements were added in 2013. A seasonal variability with slightly higher autumn and winter concentrations of elemental and organic carbon was revealed. The suitability of the doubly left-censored Weibull distribution for modelling and interpretation of elemental carbon concentrations, which are often lower than instrumental quantification limits, was verified. Initial data analysis also suggests that in summer, the tower top at 250 m is frequently above the nocturnal surface inversions, thus being decoupled from local influences.

Print ISSN: 1992-0628

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Caliope: an operational air quality forecasting system for the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Canary Islands – first annual evaluation and ongoing developments (2008)

Baldasano, J. M. ; Jiménez-Guerrero, P. ; Jorba, O. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2008; 2(1): 89-98. Published 2008 May 28. doi: 10.5194/asr-2-89-2008.

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Publikationsdatum: 2008-05-28

Beschreibung: The Caliope project funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Environment establishes an air quality forecasting system for Spain to increase the knowledge on transport and dynamics of pollutants in Spain, to assure the accomplishment of legislation and to inform the population about the levels of pollutants, topics in which the European Commission has shown a great concern. The present contribution describes the first quantitative verification study performed so far with two chemistry transport models (CMAQ and CHIMERE) for a reference year (2004) at medium spatial resolution (around 20×20 km for the Iberian Peninsula). Both models perform similarly in the case of ground-level ozone. The mean normalised gross error MNGE remains below 15–20% during summertime, when ozone episodes occur, outlining the good skills of the system concerning the forecasting of air quality in Spain. Furthermore, the ongoing developments of the system towards high resolution modelling (4×4 km for Spain, 12×12 km for Europe, 1 h temporal resolution) and the integration with observations within the Caliope umbrella are described.

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Satellite-based trends of solar radiation and cloud parameters in Europe (2018)

Pfeifroth, Uwe ; Bojanowski, Jedrzej S. ; Clerbaux, Nicolas ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2018; 15: 31-37. Published 2018 Apr 18. doi: 10.5194/asr-15-31-2018.

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-04-18

Beschreibung: Solar radiation is the main driver of the Earth's climate. Measuring solar radiation and analysing its interaction with clouds are essential for the understanding of the climate system. The EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) generates satellite-based, high-quality climate data records, with a focus on the energy balance and water cycle. Here, multiple of these data records are analyzed in a common framework to assess the consistency in trends and spatio-temporal variability of surface solar radiation, top-of-atmosphere reflected solar radiation and cloud fraction. This multi-parameter analysis focuses on Europe and covers the time period from 1992 to 2015. A high correlation between these three variables has been found over Europe. An overall consistency of the climate data records reveals an increase of surface solar radiation and a decrease in top-of-atmosphere reflected radiation. In addition, those trends are confirmed by negative trends in cloud cover. This consistency documents the high quality and stability of the CM SAF climate data records, which are mostly derived independently from each other. The results of this study indicate that one of the main reasons for the positive trend in surface solar radiation since the 1990's is a decrease in cloud coverage even if an aerosol contribution cannot be completely ruled out.

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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The SASSCAL contribution to climate observation, climate data management and data rescue in Southern Africa (2015)

Kaspar, F. ; Helmschrot, J. ; Mhanda, A. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 171-177. Published 2015 Jul 24. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-171-2015.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-24

Beschreibung: A major task of the newly established "Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management" (SASSCAL; www.sasscal.org) and its partners is to provide science-based environmental information and knowledge which includes the provision of consistent and reliable climate data for Southern Africa. Hence, SASSCAL, in close cooperation with the national weather authorities of Angola, Botswana, Germany and Zambia as well as partner institutions in Namibia and South Africa, supports the extension of the regional meteorological observation network and the improvement of the climate archives at national level. With the ongoing rehabilitation of existing weather stations and the new installation of fully automated weather stations (AWS), altogether 105 AWS currently provide a set of climate variables at 15, 30 and 60 min intervals respectively. These records are made available through the SASSCAL WeatherNet, an online platform providing near-real time data as well as various statistics and graphics, all in open access. This effort is complemented by the harmonization and improvement of climate data management concepts at the national weather authorities, capacity building activities and an extension of the data bases with historical climate data which are still available from different sources. These activities are performed through cooperation between regional and German institutions and will provide important information for climate service related activities.

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Wind variability in a coastal area (Alfacs Bay, Ebro River delta) (2015)

Cerralbo, P. ; Grifoll, M. ; Moré, J. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2015; 12(1): 11-21. Published 2015 Mar 03. doi: 10.5194/asr-12-11-2015.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-03

Beschreibung: Wind spatial heterogeneity in a coastal area (Alfacs Bay, northwestern Mediterranean Sea) is described using a set of observations and modelling results. Observations in three meteorological stations (during 2012–2013) along the coastline reveal that wind from the N–NW (strongest winds in the region) appears to be affected by the local orography promoting high wind variability on relatively short spatial scales (of the order of few kilometres). On the other hand, sea breezes in late spring and summer also show noticeable differences in both spatial distribution and duration. The importance of wind models' spatial resolution is also assessed, revealing that high resolution (= 3 km) substantially improves the results in comparison to coarse resolution (9 km). The highest-resolution model tested (400 m) also presents noticeable improvements during some events, showing spatial variability not revealed by coarser models. All these models are used to describe and understand the spatial variability of the typical wind events in the region. The results presented in this contribution should be considered on hydrodynamic, ecological and risk management investigations in coastal areas with complex orography.

Print ISSN: 1992-0628

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Deriving turbulence characteristics from the COSMO numerical weather prediction model for dispersion applications (2009)

Szintai, B. ; Kaufmann, P. ; Rotach, M. W.

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 79-84. Published 2009 Apr 29. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-79-2009.

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Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-29

Beschreibung: At MeteoSwiss an integrated modelling system is used to simulate the dispersion of radioactive material in emergency situations. For the prediction of the atmospheric flow, the COSMO numerical weather prediction model is used. The model is run operationally at 6.6 and 2.2 km horizontal resolution, respectively and uses a 1.5 order turbulence closure with a prognostic equation for turbulent kinetic energy. Both versions of the COSMO model are coupled off-line with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM). The aim of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of the dispersion model to different interfacing approaches between LPDM and the COSMO model. The diagnosed turbulence variables are validated on an ideal convective case and two measurement campaigns. Simulations of hypothetical pollutant releases show that the different interfacing approaches can lead to substantial changes in the forecasted concentrations.

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Operational generation of AVHRR-based cloud products for Europe and the Arctic at EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM-SAF) (2009)

Kaspar, F. ; Hollmann, R. ; Lockhoff, M. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 45-51. Published 2009 Apr 15. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-45-2009.

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Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-15

Beschreibung: The Satelite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring has implemented a new processing environment for AVHRR-based climate monitoring products. AVHRR measurements from NOAA-17, NOAA-18 and MetOp-A are utilized to generate daily and monthly means of several cloud parameters for Europe and the Inner Arctic: Cloud fraction, cloud types, cloud phase, cloud top height, cloud optical thickness and cloud liquid water path.

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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Adaptation of vulnerable regional agricultural systems in Europe to climate change – results from the ADAGIO project (2009)

Eitzinger, J. ; Kubu, G. ; Alexandrov, V. ; [weitere]

Copernicus

In: Advances in Science and Research. 2009; 3(1): 133-135. Published 2009 Oct 21. doi: 10.5194/asr-3-133-2009.

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Publikationsdatum: 2009-10-21

Beschreibung: During 2007-2009 the ADAGIO project (http://www.adagio-eu.org) is carried out to evaluate regional adaptation options in agriculture in most vulnerable European regions (mediterranean, central and eastern European regions). In this context a bottom-up approach is used beside the top-down approach of using scientific studies, involving regional experts and farmers in the evaluation of potential regional vulnerabilities and adaptation options. Preliminary results of the regional studies and gathered feedback from experts and farmers show in general that (increasing) drought and heat are the main factors having impact on agricultural vulnerability not only in the Mediterranean region, but also in the Central and southern Eastern European regions. Another important aspect is that the increasing risk of pest and diseases may play a more important role for agricultural vulnerability than assumed before, however, till now this field is only rarely investigated in Europe. Although dominating risks such as increasing drought and heat are similar in most regions, the vulnerabilities in the different regions are very much influenced by characteristics of the dominating agroecosystems and prevailing socio-economic conditions. This will be even be more significant for potential adaptation measures at the different levels, which have to reflect the regional conditions.

Print ISSN: 1992-0628

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Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft

Publiziert von Copernicus im Namen von European Meteorological Society.

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