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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (269)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (171)
  • 1975-1979  (440)
  • 1
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    The ISEE-C gamma ray burst spectrometer (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The technical properties, operation, and expected sensitivity are discussed for an experiment intended to search for narrow lines in the spectra of gamma ray bursts during the ISEE-C mission. At the heart of the experiment is a radiatively cooled germanium solid state photon detector. The instrumentation is capable of storing the entire spectrum of all but the largest bursts in the energy range 0.05-6.5 MeV. In addition, it analyzes the signals from two CsI detectors in two other experiments on the spacecraft and records event time histories from these to a few millisecond accuracy. A background mode permits spectral analysis during quiet times and will allow the determination of physically interesting upper limits for narrow lines in the diffuse gamma ray background radiation.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Gamma Ray Spectry. in Astrophys.; p 516-528
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Airborne laser induced fluorescence system for measuring OH and other trace gases in the parts-per-quadrillion to parts-per-trillion range (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Described in detail is a laser induced fluorescence system which has been successfully interfaced with two aircraft sampling platforms (i.e., Sabreliner jet and an L-188C Electra). This system, which has been under development for four years, presently consists of the following major components: (1) a Nd-Yag laser driven oscillator-amplifier dye laser; (2) a sampling manifold with associated fluorescence detection optics; (3) an OH calibration chamber; (4) a laser beam steering assembly; and (5) sampling electronics and data processing hardware. During the last three years, this system has been flown some 50,000 air miles making tropospheric OH radical measurements over the latitude range of 70 N to 57 S. OH concentrations measured during these flights have ranged from 30 parts-per-quadrillion (3.7 x 10 to the 5th molecules/sq cm) at altitudes of 6 km to 0.8 parts-per-trillion (2.0 x 10 to the 7th molecules/sq cm) at 0.5 km. Computations have been completed which indicate that the existing aircraft system with modest modifications should also be capable of detecting natural tropospheric levels of NO, SO2, CH2O, NO2, HNO2, NO3, H2O2 and CS2 by using both conventional laser-induced fluorescence methodology and multiphoton techniques.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments; 50; Dec. 197
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  • 3
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    Observations of medium-energy gamma-ray emission from the galactic center region (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Measurements of the gamma-ray emission in the medium-energy range between 15 and 100 MeV, obtained during two balloon flights from Brazil, are presented. The importance of this energy region in determining whether neutral-pion decay or electron bremsstrahlung is the most likely dominant source mechanism is discussed, along with the implications of such observations. Specifically, the data from this experiment suggest that emission from the galactic plane is similar to the theoretical spectrum calculated by Fichtel et al. (1976), including both source mechanisms but with the bremsstrahlung component enhanced by a factor of about 2. A spectral distribution of gamma-rays produced in the residual atmosphere above the instrument is also presented and compared with other data. A rather smooth spectral variation from high to low energies is found for the atmospheric spectrum.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 225
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Laser velocimetry applied to transonic and supersonic aerodynamics (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Measurements obtained with laser velocimetry in a Mach 2.9 separated turbulent boundary layer and in the transonic flow past a two-dimensional airfoil section are presented and compared to data realized by conventional techniques. Agreement in mean velocities was realized where the pressure measurements could be considered reliable; however, in regions of instantaneous reverse velocities, the laser results were found to be consistent with the physics of the flow whereas the pressure data were not. Streamwise turbulence intensities are also presented. In the transonic airfoil study, velocity measurements obtained immediately outside the upper surface boundary layer of a 6-inch chord NACA 64A010 airfoil are compared to edge velocities inferred from surface pressure measurements. For free-stream Mach numbers of 0.6 and 0.8, the agreement in results was very good. "Dual scatter" optical arrangements in conjunction with a single particle, counter-type signal processor were employed in these investigations.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TM-X-73117 , A-6510
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Measurements on the development of cascades in a tungsten-scintillator ionization spectrometer (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The response of a tungsten-scintillator ionization spectrometer to accelerated particle beams has been investigated. Results obtained from exposure of the approx. 1000 g/sq cm apparatus to 5, 10, and 15 GeV/c electrons and pions as well as to 2.1 GeV/nucleon C-12 and O-16 ions are presented. These results include cascade-development curves, fractions of the primary energy measured by the spectrometer, and resolutions of the apparatus for measuring the primary energies. For 15 GeV/c electrons, an average of about 82% of the incident energy is measured by the apparatus with resolution (normal standard deviation) of about 6%. For 15 GeV/c pions, an average of about 65% of the incident energy is measured with resolution of about 18%. The energy resolution improves with increasing energy and with increasing depth of the spectrometer.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Nuclear Instruments and Methods; 126; 1975
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  • 6
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    Observations of medium energy gamma ray emission from the galactic center region (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Measurements of the gamma-ray emission in the medium energy range between 15 and 100 MeV, obtained during two ballon flights from Brazil are presented. The importance of this energy region in determining whether pi deg - decay of electron bremsstrahlung is the most likely dominant source mechanism is discussed along with the implications of such observations. Specifically, the data from this experiment suggest that emission from the galactic plane is similar to theoretical spectrum calculations including both sources mechanisms, but with the bremsstrahlung component enhanced by a factor of about 2. A spectral distribution of gamma-rays produced in the residual atmosphere above the instrument is also presented and compared with other data. A rather smooth spectral variation from high to low energies is found for the atmospheric spectrum.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-79543
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    New technique for single-scan T1 measurements using solid echoes (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A simple technique for single-scan T1 measurements in solids is proposed and analyzed for single exponential spin-lattice relaxation. In this technique, the direct spin heating caused by the sampling process is significantly reduced in comparison with conventional techniques by utilizing the 'solid echo' to refocus the magnetization. The applicability of this technique to both the solid and liquid phases is demonstrated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Review of Scientific Instruments; 49; Aug. 197
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  • 8
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    Energy spectrum of medium energy gamma-rays from the galactic center region (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A balloon-borne magnetic core digitized spark chamber with two assemblies of spark-chambers above and below the scintillation counters was used to measure the medium energy gamma ray flux from the galactic center region. Gamma ray calculations are based on the multiple scattering of the pair electrons in 15 aluminum plates interleaved in the spark chamber modules. Counting rates determined during ascent and at ceiling indicate the presence of diffuse component in this energy range. Preliminary results give an integral flux between 15 and 70 MeV compared to the differential points in other results.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-78331 , INPE-1218-PE/122
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  • 9
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    Recent developments in parallel-grid, gas-scintillation proportional counters (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The problems of developing large-area, gas-scintillation proportional counters with high resolution are considered. It is found that simple large-area, parallel-grid proportional counters suffer from a variation in gain over the counter window. Some success has been achieved in overcoming this problem by focusing the charge cloud as it drifts into the multiplication region. Measurements are reported for various mixtures of argon and xenon as well as pure xenon.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 10
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    Laser velocimeter supersonic and transonic wind tunnel studies (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Wind tunnel investigations of a shock-induced separated flow and the flow about a two-dimensional airfoil section at transonic speeds using laser velocimetry techniques are described. Laser velocimeter data are presented and compared with conventional pressure type measurements (pitot and static pressure probe measurements for the shock-induced separation, and surface pressure measurements for the two-dimensional airfoil section). In addition to these data comparisons, a simple optical arrangement for the incorporation of a Bragg cell in a laser velocimeter system is described. The effects of particle concentration gradients within a turbulent boundary layer on laser velocimeter measurements are also demonstrated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Minnesota Symposium on Laser Anemometry; Oct 22, 1975 - Oct 24, 1975; Bloomington, MN
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