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  • Other Sources  (3)
  • CITATION GEO-LEO  (3)
  • Dead Sea; Archaeal community  (1)
  • FID-GEO-DE-7  (1)
  • karst aquifer; hydraulics;  (1)
  • 1
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    Microbial and Chemical Characterization of Underwater Fresh Water Springs in the Dead Sea (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Due to its extreme salinity and high Mg concentration the Dead Sea is characterized by a very low density of cells most of which are Archaea. We discovered several underwater fresh to brackish water springs in the Dead Sea harboring dense microbial communities. We provide the first characterization of these communities, discuss their possible origin, hydrochemical environment, energetic resources and the putative biogeochemical pathways they are mediating. Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and community fingerprinting methods showed that the spring community originates from the Dead Sea sediments and not from the aquifer. Furthermore, it suggested that there is a dense Archaeal community in the shoreline pore water of the lake. Sequences of bacterial sulfate reducers, nitrifiers iron oxidizers and iron reducers were identified as well. Analysis of white and green biofilms suggested that sulfide oxidation through chemolitotrophy and phototrophy is highly significant. Hyperspectral analysis showed a tight association between abundant green sulfur bacteria and cyanobacteria in the green biofilms. Together, our findings show that the Dead Sea floor harbors diverse microbial communities, part of which is not known from other hypersaline environments. Analysis of the water’s chemistry shows evidence of microbial activity along the path and suggests that the springs supply nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter to the microbial communities in the Dead Sea. The underwater springs are a newly recognized water source for the Dead Sea. Their input of microorganisms and nutrients needs to be considered in the assessment of possible impact of dilution events of the lake surface waters, such as those that will occur in the future due to the intended establishment of the Red Sea - Dead Sea water conduit.
    Keywords: Dead Sea; Archaeal community ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 21
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  • 2
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    Influence of aquifer heterogeneity on karst hydraulics and catchment delineation employing distributive modeling approaches (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Due to their heterogeneous nature, karst aquifers pose a major challenge for hydrogeological investigations. Important procedures like the delineation of catchment areas for springs are hindered by the unknown locations and hy- draulic properties of highly conductive karstic zones. In this work numerical modeling was employed as a tool in delineating catchment areas of several springs within a karst area in southwestern Germany. For this purpose, different distributive modeling approaches were implemented in the finite element simulation software Comsol Multiphysics ® . The investigation focuses on the question to which degree the effect of karstification has to be taken into account for accurately simulating the hydraulic head distribution and the observed spring discharges. The results reveal that the representation of heterogeneities has a large influence on the delineation of the catchment areas. Not only the location of highly conductive elements but also their geometries play a major role for the resulting hydraulic head distribution and thus for catchment area de- lineation. The size distribution of the karst conduits derived from the numerical models agrees with knowledge from karst genesis. It was thus shown that numerical modeling is a use- ful tool for catchment delineation in karst aquifers based on results from different field observations.
    Description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2013
    Keywords: karst aquifer; hydraulics; ; 551
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 14
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  • 3
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    Zum Vorkommen des Ufer-Torfmooses Sphagnum riparium ÅNGSTR. im Arnsberger Wald (Nordrhein-Westfalen) (2018)
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: The range extension, phytosociology and ecology of Sphagnum riparium for the Arnsberger Wald, the largest forest area in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) are discussed in detail. The occurrence of Sphagnum riparium in the Arnsberger Wald seems to be the furthermost northwest exposed subarea in central Europe of this species. Major aspects are the distinct floristic structure primarely referring to communities of open fens and the specific habitat preferences illustrating a remarkable hydrological and micro-climatically stability. The analysis of the hydrochemical properties indicates poor nutrition conditions, but moderate base availabilities at the sites examined. In addition the endangerment of the Sphagnum riparium-rich habitats in the Arnsberger Wald is described.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Sphagnum riparium besitzt im Arnsberger Wald einen regionalen Verbreitungsschwerpunkt, wobei es sich um das am weitesten nach Nordwesten exponierte Teilareal dieser Art in Mitteleuropa handelt. Das Torfmoos kommt v. a. in lichten, quellnahen Sumpf- und Moorwäldern in den höheren Lagen dieses Waldgebietes vor und hat hier unter Optimalbedingungen relativ ausgedehnte und vitale Be stände aufgebaut. Die hydrochemischen Messwerte belegen, dass sich die Standorte der überprüften Sphagnum riparium-reichen Phytozönosen im Arnsberger Wald durch eingeschränkte Nährstoffverfügbarkeiten, aber auch durch günstigere Basengehalte auszeichnen. Sie sind pflanzensoziologisch überwiegend den Niedermoor-Gesellschaften des Caricion nigrae anzuschließen und lassen sich in fünf floristisch und z. T. auch ökohydrologisch gut charakterisierbare Vegetationseinheiten gruppieren.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Sphagnum ; mire ; peatland ; vegetation ; Niedermoor ; fen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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