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  • Articles  (20)
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  • Open Access-Papers  (20)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations  (12)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics  (9)
  • 2010-2014  (20)
  • 2012  (20)
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  • Articles  (20)
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  • Open Access-Papers  (20)
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  • 2010-2014  (20)
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  • 1
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    Seismic structure of the Calabrian subduction zone (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: During the last decades, many studies have been addressing the seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Tyrrhenian-Calabrian Arc, crucial to define the deep and shallow geometry of the subducting plate and the circulation of the surrounding mantle. We present the INGV contribution to the understanding of the subduction system from a seismological point of view. We illustrate the most recent results on relocated deep seismicity,on high resolution local earthquake tomography, and on teleseismic tomography with ocean bottom seismometers data. The pattern of mantle flow is imaged by a large collection of shear-wave splitting measurements from national network and temporary deployments. The 3D geometry of the narrow (about 200 km) subducting lithosphere shows a well defined shallow bend from sub-horizontal to 70-75 NW dipping. Lithosphere dives down to 400 km depth and turns again horizontal in the transition zone. Low seismic velocity in the wedge correspond to the Tyrrhenian basin and Aeolian Arc. Focused mantle circulation is induced by the slab motion, with evidences of return flow from behind the subducted lithosphere around the south-western slab edge.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Rimini
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: geometry of subduction ; circulation of mantle ; deep seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 2
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    Physical characteristics of subduction interface type seismogenic zones revisited (2012)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Based on global earthquake catalogs, the hypocenters, nodal planes, and seismic moments of worldwide subduction plate interface earthquakes were extracted for the period between 1900 and 2007. Assuming that the seismogenic zone coincides with the distribution of 5.5 ≤ M 〈 7 earthquakes, the subduction interface seismogenic zones were mapped for 80% of the trench systems and characterized with geometrical and mechanical parameters. Using this database, correlations were isolated between significant parameters to identify cause-effect relationships. Empirical laws obtained in previous studies were revisited in light of this more complete, accurate, and uniform description of the subduction interface seismogenic zone. The seismogenic zone was usually found to end in a fore-arc mantle, rather than at a Moho depth. The subduction velocity was the first-order controlling parameter for variations in the physical characteristics of plate interfaces, determining both the geometry and mechanical behavior. As such, the fast subduction zones and cold slabs were associated with large and steep plate interfaces, which, in turn, had large seismic rates. The subduction velocity could not account for the potential earthquake magnitude diversity that was observed along the trenches. Events with Mw ≥ 8.5 preferentially occurred in the vicinity of slab edges, where the upper plate was continental and the back-arc strain was neutral. This observation was interpreted in terms of compressive normal stresses along the plate interface. Large lateral ruptures should be promoted in neutral subduction zones due to moderate compressive stresses along the plate interface that allow the rupture to propagate laterally.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q01004
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: subduction zones ; seismicity ; statistics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Coseismic deformation pattern of the Emilia 2012 seismic sequence imaged by Radarsat-1 interferometry (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: On May 20th and 29th, 2012, two earthquakes having magnitude 5.9 and 5.8, respectively, and their aftershocks sequence hit the central Po Plain (Italy), about 40 km north of Bologna, in the northern Apennines. Following the main-shocks, more than 2,000 events were recorded by the INGV National Seismic Network (http://iside.rm.ingv.it/). During the seismic sequence, a pure compressional faulting was generated by the activation of blind thrusts of the western Ferrara Arc, thereby activating a 50 km-long stretch of this buried outer front of the northern Apennines. The focal mechanisms of the larger shocks agree with the compilation of present-day tectonic stress indicators, showing a ca. N-S oriented maximum horizontal stress in the area, i.e. oriented perpendicular to the main structural trends. Most of the seismic sequence was confined between 1 and 12 km depth, above the local basal detachment of the outer thrust front of the northern Apennines. The surface displacement pattern, associated with the mainshocks and some following minor events (some of which above M 5.0), has been measured by applying Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique to a pair of C-Band Radarsat-1 data. The coseismic movements detected overall the epicentral region have been here used as input information for the source inversion model.
    Description: Published
    Description: 789-795
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: SAR interferometry ; Deformation ; Emlilia seismic sequence ; Source modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Implicazioni geodinamiche delle recenti misure geodetiche nello Stretto di Messina (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Il 28 dicembre 1908 lo Stretto di Messina veniva colpito da un disastroso evento sismico di ms=7.5. L'evento è il più forte tra i terremoti italiani degli utimi 100 anni.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3-14
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: GPS, Crustal Deformations, Messina Straits ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Did the September 2010 (Darfield) earthquake trigger the February 2011 (Christchurch) event? (2012)
    Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We have investigated the possible cause-and-effect relationship due to stress transfer between two earthquakes that occurred near Christchurch, New Zealand, in September 2010 and in February 2011. The Mw 7.1 Darfield (Canterbury) event took place along a previously unrecognized fault. The Mw 6.3 Christchurch earthquake, generated by a thrust fault, occurred approximately five months later, 6 km south-east of Christchurch’s city center. We have first measured the surface displacement field to retrieve the geometries of the two seismic sources and the slip distribution. In order to assess whether the first earthquake increased the likelihood of occurrence of a second earthquake, we compute the Coulomb Failure Function (CFF). We find that the maximum CFF increase over the second fault plane is reached exactly around the hypocenter of the second earthquake. In this respect, we may conclude that the Darfield earthquake contributed to promote the rupture of the Christchurch fault.
    Description: Published
    Description: Article number:98
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: DInSAR ; Coulomb Failure ; Christchurch earthquake ; surface deformation ; seismi source modelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    20 years of active deformation on volcano caldera: Joint analysis of InSAR and AInSAR techniques (2012)
    Elsevier Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques are applied to investigate last two decades of surface deformation of the Cerro Blanco/Robledo Caldera (CBRC). The objective is the identification of deforming patterns that alter the shape of these complex structures when they show low or null activity. The joint analysis between results by using different methods over a long time span, represents a unique opportunity to improve knowledge of volcanic structures located in remote area and, for this, poorly or not monitored. In this work we identify displacement patterns over the volcanic area, by using both classical differential InSAR analysis, and A-InSAR (Advanced InSAR) analysis based on SAR data acquired by ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT sensors during the 1996-2010 time interval. The satellite-derived information allows us to characterize the deformation pattern that affected the CBRC and shows that the actively deforming CBRC is subsiding in the observed period. In order to figure out the deformation history of CBRC, we analyzed the four sub-periods 1992-1996, 1996-2000, and 2005-2010 by using standard differential InSAR technique, and the interval 2003-2007 by adopting an A-InSAR technique. Subsidence velocities of the CBRC caldera are about 2.6 cm/yr in the time interval 1992-1996 (measured with ERS descending data), 1.8 cm/yr in 1996-2000 (ERS descending data), 1.2 cm/yr in 2003-2007 (ENVISAT descending data),and finally, 0.87 cm/yr in 2005-2010 (ENVISAT ascending data). Moreover, outside the caldera and in particular in the NW area, we observe the presence of positive velocity values. Results show that: a) a decreasing subsidence rate might be related to the reduction of volcanic activity in correspondence of the CBRC; b) positive velocity signal, decreasing with time, might be interpreted as follows: - evidence of volcano structure lateral spreading, according to the velocity pattern distribution in this area and to the relative local flanks topographic convexity of the volcano structure; - uplift signal of this sector of mountain chain; - combination if the two mechanisms above.
    Description: Published
    Description: 279–287
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: : InSAR; A-InSAR; Deflation; Calderas; Volcanic structures ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    The brittle-ductile transition as the switch of earthquakes: applications for seismic prediction (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: The brittle-ductile transition (BDT) separates the lower crust where deformation occurs in steady-state regime, from the upper crust where it is rather dominated by stick-slip. The fault hangingwall above BDT accumulates elastic energy during the interseismic period, without significant evidence of surface strain rate Faults activate in areas of high strain rate gradients along the segments with lower strain rates Fluid discharge varies as a function of the tectonic setting The phenomenology gives insights for the parameters to be monitored in earthquake forecasting
    Description: Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri - Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC) within the INGV-DPC 2007-2009 agreement(project S1), Sapienza University and CNR-Eurocores-TopoEurope.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Brisbane Australia
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: brittle-ductile transition ; L' Aquila 2009 earthquake ; Emilia 2012 earthquake ; geodetic strain rate ; fault activation ; magnitude ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 8
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    Role of the brittle–ductile transition on fault activation (2012)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: We model a fault cross-cutting the brittle upper crust and the ductile lower crust. In the brittle layer the fault is assumed to have stick–slip behaviour, whereas the lower ductile crust is inferred to deform in a steady-state shear. Therefore, the brittle–ductile transition (BDT) separates two layers with different strain rates and structural styles. This contrasting behaviour determines a stress gradient at the BDT that is eventually dissipated during the earthquake. During the interseismic period, along a normal fault it should form a dilated hinge at and above the BDT. Conversely, an over-compressed volume should rather develop above a thrust plane at the BDT. On a normal fault the earthquake is associated with the coseismic closure of the dilated fractures generated in the stretched hangingwall during the interseismic period. In addition to the shear stress overcoming the friction of the fault, the brittle fault moves when the weight of the hangingwall exceeds the strength of the dilated band above the BDT. On a thrust fault, the seismic event is instead associated with the sudden dilation of the previously over-compressed volume in the hangingwall above the BDT, a mechanism requiring much more energy because it acts against gravity. In both cases, the deeper the BDT, the larger the involved volume, and the bigger the related magnitude. We tested two scenarios with two examples from L’Aquila 2009 (Italy) and Chi-Chi 1999 (Taiwan) events. GPS data, energy dissipation and strain rate analysis support these contrasting evolutions. Our model also predicts, consistently with data, that the interseismic strain rate is lower along the fault segment more prone to seismic activation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 160-161
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: faul activation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Project S1: Analysis of the seismic potential in Italy for the evaluation of the seismic hazard (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: The project S1 was aimed at (a) collecting new data and to update the existing databases needed to quantify seismic hazard; (b) promoting new studies on specific fields of knowledge and less-explored areas of Italy; (c) testing new approaches to evaluate seismic potential; (d) bounding slip rate values to use within probabilistic hazard estimates; and (e) preparing the way towards a future seismic hazard map of Italy. It was designed with three scientific parts – nationwide basic data, rheology, and field studies – and implemented into four tasks: 1) earthquake geodesy and modeling, 2) seismological data and earthquake statistics, 3) earthquake geology, and 4) tsunamis. Although with many difficulties and some delay, described in the appropriate section, all the above objectives have generally been accomplished. New observations were collected through original fieldwork and more sophisticated analyses were performed on existing data. Datasets needed for the seismic hazard estimates were updated at various levels by reducing both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties. New studies were carried out on specific fields of knowledge, e.g. addressing the repeatability of geodetic and stress data measurements or the seismogenic behavior of misoriented faults. Studies on less-explored areas were stimulated, and faults, whose seismic potential was not previously accounted for, were mapped and/or parameterized in the Ionian and Adriatic Seas, in Calabria, Sicily and the Southwestern Alps. Independent approaches to evaluate the seismic potential were tested, and a large effort toward homogenization and verifiability was made. The substantial improvements of nationwide datasets and understanding of the tectonic processes in large areas of the country set the basis for a significantly better assessment of seismic hazard.
    Description: DPC, INGV, CNR
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthquakes ; seismic hazard ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 10
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    Anisotropy and seismic attenuation tomography beneath a retreating subduction system: the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea case study (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: The Southern Tyrrhenian subduction system shows a complex interaction among asthenospheric flow, subducting slab and overriding plate. To shed light on the deformations and mechanical properties of the slab and surrounding mantle, we investigated the attenuation and the anisotropic structure through the subduction region. The 3D attenuation results show high-attenuation shallow regions corresponding to the crustal layers, while the slab is imaged as a low-attenuation body bounded by high-attenuation regions located beneath the Aeolian magmatic arc. Between 100-200 km depth, in correspondence of high concentration of earthquakes, the slab is characterized by a spot of high attenuation. Such a feature could be related to the dehydration processes associated to the slab metamorphism. A high-attenuation anomaly is present in the mantle wedge beneath the Aeolian volcanic arc and could indicate mantle melting and slab dehydration and also to the large-scale serpentinization. We also investigated the anisotropic structure of the subduction zone by analyzing shear-wave splitting of the slab earthquakes. Seismic anisotropy reveals a complex pattern of anisotropy across the subduction zone. S-rays sample mainly the slab, showing variable fast directions and delay times. Comparison of S splitting measurements to P-wave velocity anomaly at 100-200 km depth shows that where the rays primarily sample the slab the delay times are small. In contrast, where S rays sample the mantle wedge, the delay times are quite high. This across-subduction variation of delay time depicts the slab as a weakly anisotropic region relative to the mantle above and below and suggests that the main source of anisotropy in the subduction zone is the deformation of the mantle above and below the slab induced by the retrograde motion of the slab.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Torino
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: subduction zone process ; mantle flow ; slab and mantle wedge anisotropy ; attenuation tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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