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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2000-05-29
    Description: We show that transcription factor IIH ERCC3 subunit, the DNA helicase responsible for adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent promoter melting during transcription initiation, does not interact with the promoter region that undergoes melting but instead interacts with DNA downstream of this region. We show further that promoter melting does not change protein-DNA interactions upstream of the region that undergoes melting but does change interactions within and downstream of this region. Our results rule out the proposal that IIH functions in promoter melting through a conventional DNA-helicase mechanism. We propose that IIH functions as a molecular wrench: rotating downstream DNA relative to fixed upstream protein-DNA interactions, thereby generating torque on, and melting, the intervening DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, T K -- Ebright, R H -- Reinberg, D -- GM37120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM53665/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 26;288(5470):1418-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Nucleic Acids Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10827951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*chemistry/*metabolism ; DNA Helicases/metabolism ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Transcription Factor TFIIH ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription Factors, TFII ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2006-11-18
    Description: Using single-molecule DNA nanomanipulation, we show that abortive initiation involves DNA "scrunching"--in which RNA polymerase (RNAP) remains stationary and unwinds and pulls downstream DNA into itself--and that scrunching requires RNA synthesis and depends on RNA length. We show further that promoter escape involves scrunching, and that scrunching occurs in most or all instances of promoter escape. Our results support the existence of an obligatory stressed intermediate, with approximately one turn of additional DNA unwinding, in escape and are consistent with the proposal that stress in this intermediate provides the driving force to break RNAP-promoter and RNAP-initiation-factor interactions in escape.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754787/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754787/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Revyakin, Andrey -- Liu, Chenyu -- Ebright, Richard H -- Strick, Terence R -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-16/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-17/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-18/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 17;314(5802):1139-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17110577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; DNA/chemistry/*metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA/biosynthesis ; Transcription Initiation Site/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1997-03-14
    Description: The bacteriophage N4 single-stranded DNA binding protein (N4SSB) activates transcription by the Escherichia coli final sigma70-RNA polymerase at N4 late promoters. Here it is shown that the single-stranded DNA binding activity of N4SSB is not required for transcriptional activation. N4SSB interacts with the carboxyl terminus of the RNA polymerase beta' subunit in a region that is highly conserved in the largest subunits of prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA polymerases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, A -- Wood, D -- Ebright, R H -- Rothman-Denes, L B -- GM35170/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM54431/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Mar 14;275(5306):1655-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9054361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Coliphages ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; DNA, Single-Stranded/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding ; Sigma Factor/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; *Transcriptional Activation ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2002-08-31
    Description: The Escherichia coli catabolite activator protein (CAP) activates transcription at P(lac), P(gal), and other promoters through interactions with the RNA polymerase alpha subunit carboxyl-terminal domain (alphaCTD). We determined the crystal structure of the CAP-alphaCTD-DNA complex at a resolution of 3.1 angstroms. CAP makes direct protein-protein interactions with alphaCTD, and alphaCTD makes direct protein-DNA interactions with the DNA segment adjacent to the DNA site for CAP. There are no large-scale conformational changes in CAP and alphaCTD, and the interface between CAP and alphaCTD is small. These findings are consistent with the proposal that activation involves a simple "recruitment" mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benoff, Brian -- Yang, Huanwang -- Lawson, Catherine L -- Parkinson, Gary -- Liu, Jinsong -- Blatter, Erich -- Ebright, Yon W -- Berman, Helen M -- Ebright, Richard H -- GM21589/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM64375/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 30;297(5586):1562-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Waksman Institute and Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12202833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein/*chemistry/metabolism/physiology ; DNA/*chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*chemistry/metabolism/physiology ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altman, Sidney -- Bassler, Bonnie L -- Beckwith, Jon -- Belfort, Marlene -- Berg, Howard C -- Bloom, Barry -- Brenchley, Jean E -- Campbell, Allan -- Collier, R John -- Connell, Nancy -- Cozzarelli, Nicholas R -- Craig, Nancy L -- Darst, Seth -- Ebright, Richard H -- Elledge, Stephen J -- Falkow, Stanley -- Galan, Jorge E -- Gottesman, Max -- Gourse, Richard -- Grindley, Nigel D F -- Gross, Carol A -- Grossman, Alan -- Hochschild, Ann -- Howe, Martha -- Hurwitz, Jerard -- Isberg, Ralph R -- Kaplan, Samuel -- Kornberg, Arthur -- Kustu, Sydney G -- Landick, Robert C -- Landy, Arthur -- Levy, Stuart B -- Losick, Richard -- Long, Sharon R -- Maloy, Stanley R -- Mekalanos, John J -- Neidhardt, Frederick C -- Pace, Norman R -- Ptashne, Mark -- Roberts, Jeffrey W -- Roth, John R -- Rothman-Denes, Lucia B -- Salyers, Abigail -- Schaechter, Moselio -- Shapiro, Lucy -- Silhavy, Thomas J -- Simon, Melvin I -- Walker, Graham -- Yanofsky, Charles -- Zinder, Norton -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1409-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Warfare ; *Biomedical Research/economics ; *Bioterrorism ; Financing, Government ; *Microbiology ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; Public Health ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fouchier, Ron -- Osterhaus, A B -- Steinbruner, John -- Yuen, Kwok-Yung -- Henderson, D A -- Klotz, Lynn -- Sylvester, Ed -- Taubenberger, Jeffery K -- Ebright, Richard H -- Heymann, David L -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 15;481(7381):257-9. doi: 10.1038/481257a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22246325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bioterrorism/*prevention & control ; Birds/virology ; Civil Defense/methods ; Confidentiality ; Global Health/statistics & numerical data ; Guidelines as Topic ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Host Specificity ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics/pathogenicity ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Influenza Vaccines/supply & distribution ; Influenza, Human/mortality/*transmission/*virology ; *International Cooperation ; Laboratory Infection/prevention & control ; Pandemics/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data ; *Publishing/standards ; Variola virus ; World Health Organization
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1994-08-12
    Description: Strategies to cleave double-stranded DNA at specific DNA sites longer than those of restriction endonucleases (longer than 8 base pairs) have applications in chromosome mapping, chromosome cloning, and chromosome sequencing--provided that the strategies yield high DNA-cleavage efficiency and high DNA-cleavage specificity. In this report, the DNA-cleaving moiety copper:o-phenanthroline was attached to the sequence-specific DNA binding protein catabolite activator protein (CAP) at an amino acid that, because of a difference in DNA bending, is close to DNA in the specific CAP-DNA complex but is not close to DNA in the nonspecific CAP-DNA complex. The resulting CAP derivative, OP26CAP, cleaved kilobase and megabase DNA substrates at a 22-base pair consensus DNA site with high efficiency and exhibited no detectable nonspecific DNA-cleavage activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pendergrast, P S -- Ebright, Y W -- Ebright, R H -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):959-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08855.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein/*chemistry ; DNA/*chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*chemistry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Phenanthrolines/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1994-07-01
    Description: Here it is shown, with the use of protein-protein photocrosslinking, that the carboxyl-terminal region of the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP) is in direct physical proximity to the activating region of the catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) in the ternary complex of the lac promoter, RNAP, and CAP. These results strongly support the proposal that transcription activation by CAP involves protein-protein contact between the carboxyl-terminal region of the alpha subunit and the activating region of CAP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Y -- Ebright, Y W -- Ebright, R H -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):90-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08855.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8016656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azides/metabolism ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein/chemistry/*metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Lac Operon ; Models, Molecular ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Pyridines/metabolism ; *Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-11-18
    Description: Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer to monitor distances within single molecules of abortively initiating transcription initiation complexes, we show that initial transcription proceeds through a "scrunching" mechanism, in which RNA polymerase (RNAP) remains fixed on promoter DNA and pulls downstream DNA into itself and past its active center. We show further that putative alternative mechanisms for RNAP active-center translocation in initial transcription, involving "transient excursions" of RNAP relative to DNA or "inchworming" of RNAP relative to DNA, do not occur. The results support a model in which a stressed intermediate, with DNA-unwinding stress and DNA-compaction stress, is formed during initial transcription, and in which accumulated stress is used to drive breakage of interactions between RNAP and promoter DNA and between RNAP and initiation factors during promoter escape.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754788/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754788/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kapanidis, Achillefs N -- Margeat, Emmanuel -- Ho, Sam On -- Kortkhonjia, Ekaterine -- Weiss, Shimon -- Ebright, Richard H -- GM069709-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-16/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-17/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-18/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069709/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069709-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Nov 17;314(5802):1144-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. a.kapanidis1@physics.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17110578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/chemistry/*metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription Initiation Site ; Transcription, Genetic/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2009-05-16
    Description: During transcription initiation in vitro, prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA polymerase (RNAP) can engage in abortive initiation-the synthesis and release of short (2 to 15 nucleotides) RNA transcripts-before productive initiation. It has not been known whether abortive initiation occurs in vivo. Using hybridization with locked nucleic acid probes, we directly detected abortive transcripts in bacteria. In addition, we show that in vivo abortive initiation shows characteristics of in vitro abortive initiation: Abortive initiation increases upon stabilizing interactions between RNAP and either promoter DNA or sigma factor, and also upon deleting elongation factor GreA. Abortive transcripts may have functional roles in regulating gene expression in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2718712/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2718712/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, Seth R -- Ebright, Richard H -- Nickels, Bryce E -- GM41376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-19/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM041376-20/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 15;324(5929):927-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1169237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19443781" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*genetics/metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Nucleic Acid Probes ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Bacterial/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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