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  • Mice  (2,147)
  • Protein Binding  (474)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (2,492)
  • American Meteorological Society
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-04-13
    Description: Interleukin (IL)-17-producing helper T (T(H)17) cells are a distinct T-cell subset characterized by its pathological role in autoimmune diseases. IL-6 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) induce T(H)17 development, in which the orphan nuclear receptors, RORgammat and RORalpha, have an indispensable role. However, in the absence of IL-6 and TGF-beta, the ectopic expression of RORgammat or RORalpha leads to only a modest IL-17 production. Here we identify a nuclear IkappaB family member, IkappaBzeta (encoded by the Nfkbiz gene), as a transcription factor required for T(H)17 development in mice. The ectopic expression of IkappaBzeta in naive CD4(+) T cells together with RORgammat or RORalpha potently induces T(H)17 development, even in the absence of IL-6 and TGF-beta. Notably, Nfkbiz(-/-) mice have a defect in T(H)17 development and a resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The T-cell-intrinsic function of IkappaBzeta was clearly demonstrated by the resistance to EAE of the Rag2(-/-) mice into which Nfkbiz(-/-) CD4(+) T cells were transferred. In cooperation with RORgammat and RORalpha, IkappaBzeta enhances Il17a expression by binding directly to the regulatory region of the Il17a gene. This study provides evidence for the transcriptional mechanisms underlying T(H)17 development and points to a molecular basis for a novel therapeutic strategy against autoimmune disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okamoto, Kazuo -- Iwai, Yoshiko -- Oh-Hora, Masatsugu -- Yamamoto, Masahiro -- Morio, Tomohiro -- Aoki, Kazuhiro -- Ohya, Keiichi -- Jetten, Anton M -- Akira, Shizuo -- Muta, Tatsushi -- Takayanagi, Hiroshi -- Z01-ES-101586/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 29;464(7293):1381-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08922. Epub 2010 Apr 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20383124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/immunology ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Interleukin-17/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-11-26
    Description: In physiological settings, nucleic-acid translocases must act on substrates occupied by other proteins, and an increasingly appreciated role of translocases is to catalyse protein displacement from RNA and DNA. However, little is known regarding the inevitable collisions that must occur, and the fate of protein obstacles and the mechanisms by which they are evicted from DNA remain unexplored. Here we sought to establish the mechanistic basis for protein displacement from DNA using RecBCD as a model system. Using nanofabricated curtains of DNA and multicolour single-molecule microscopy, we visualized collisions between a model translocase and different DNA-bound proteins in real time. We show that the DNA translocase RecBCD can disrupt core RNA polymerase, holoenzymes, stalled elongation complexes and transcribing RNA polymerases in either head-to-head or head-to-tail orientations, as well as EcoRI(E111Q), lac repressor and even nucleosomes. RecBCD did not pause during collisions and often pushed proteins thousands of base pairs before evicting them from DNA. We conclude that RecBCD overwhelms obstacles through direct transduction of chemomechanical force with no need for specific protein-protein interactions, and that proteins can be removed from DNA through active disruption mechanisms that act on a transition state intermediate as they are pushed from one nonspecific site to the next.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230117/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230117/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finkelstein, Ilya J -- Visnapuu, Mari-Liis -- Greene, Eric C -- F32GM80864/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM074739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM082848/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA146940/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074739-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074739-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM082848/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM082848-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM082848-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 16;468(7326):983-7. doi: 10.1038/nature09561. Epub 2010 Nov 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21107319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Biocatalysis ; DNA/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry/metabolism ; Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Exodeoxyribonuclease V/*metabolism ; Holoenzymes/chemistry/metabolism ; Lac Repressors/metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; *Movement ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Binding ; Quantum Dots ; Time Factors
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2010-07-20
    Description: DNA methylation is one of the best-characterized epigenetic modifications. Although the enzymes that catalyse DNA methylation have been characterized, enzymes responsible for demethylation have been elusive. A recent study indicates that the human TET1 protein could catalyse the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) of DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), raising the possibility that DNA demethylation may be a Tet1-mediated process. Here we extend this study by demonstrating that all three mouse Tet proteins (Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3) can also catalyse a similar reaction. Tet1 has an important role in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell maintenance through maintaining the expression of Nanog in ES cells. Downregulation of Nanog via Tet1 knockdown correlates with methylation of the Nanog promoter, supporting a role for Tet1 in regulating DNA methylation status. Furthermore, knockdown of Tet1 in pre-implantation embryos results in a bias towards trophectoderm differentiation. Thus, our studies not only uncover the enzymatic activity of the Tet proteins, but also demonstrate a role for Tet1 in ES cell maintenance and inner cell mass cell specification.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491567/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491567/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ito, Shinsuke -- D'Alessio, Ana C -- Taranova, Olena V -- Hong, Kwonho -- Sowers, Lawrence C -- Zhang, Yi -- CA084487/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM68804/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 26;466(7310):1129-33. doi: 10.1038/nature09303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639862" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine/*metabolism ; Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism ; Animals ; Blastocyst Inner Cell Mass/*metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2010-07-20
    Description: Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) can progress from a slow growing chronic phase to an aggressive blast crisis phase, but the molecular basis of this transition remains poorly understood. Here we have used mouse models of CML to show that disease progression is regulated by the Musashi-Numb signalling axis. Specifically, we find that the chronic phase is marked by high levels of Numb expression whereas the blast crisis phase has low levels of Numb expression, and that ectopic expression of Numb promotes differentiation and impairs advanced-phase disease in vivo. As a possible explanation for the decreased levels of Numb in the blast crisis phase, we show that NUP98-HOXA9, an oncogene associated with blast crisis CML, can trigger expression of the RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (Msi2), which in turn represses Numb. Notably, loss of Msi2 restores Numb expression and significantly impairs the development and propagation of blast crisis CML in vitro and in vivo. Finally we show that Msi2 expression is not only highly upregulated during human CML progression but is also an early indicator of poorer prognosis. These data show that the Musashi-Numb pathway can control the differentiation of CML cells, and raise the possibility that targeting this pathway may provide a new strategy for the therapy of aggressive leukaemias.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2918284/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ito, Takahiro -- Kwon, Hyog Young -- Zimdahl, Bryan -- Congdon, Kendra L -- Blum, Jordan -- Lento, William E -- Zhao, Chen -- Lagoo, Anand -- Gerrard, Gareth -- Foroni, Letizia -- Goldman, John -- Goh, Harriet -- Kim, Soo-Hyun -- Kim, Dong-Wook -- Chuah, Charles -- Oehler, Vivian G -- Radich, Jerald P -- Jordan, Craig T -- Reya, Tannishtha -- AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA122206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA18029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP1 CA174422/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD006430-02/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1OD006430/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA018029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140371/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097767-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007184-33/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-010006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-020006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-030006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-040006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-050006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):765-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09171. Epub 2010 Jul 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20639863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blast Crisis/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics/metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Notch1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-05-14
    Description: The main reason why tumours are not controlled by the immune system is that, unlike pathogens, they do not express potent tumour rejection antigens (TRAs). Tumour vaccination aims at stimulating a systemic immune response targeted to, mostly weak, antigens expressed in the disseminated tumour lesions. Main challenges in developing effective vaccination protocols are the identification of potent and broadly expressed TRAs and effective adjuvants to stimulate a robust and durable immune response. Here we describe an alternative approach in which the expression of new, and thereby potent, antigens are induced in tumour cells by inhibiting nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay (NMD). Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated inhibition of NMD in tumour cells led to the expression of new antigenic determinants and their immune-mediated rejection. In subcutaneous and metastatic tumour models, tumour-targeted delivery of NMD factor-specific siRNAs conjugated to oligonucleotide aptamer ligands led to significant inhibition of tumour growth that was superior to that of vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing irradiated tumour cells, and could be further enhanced by co-stimulation. Tumour-targeted NMD inhibition forms the basis of a simple, broadly useful, and clinically feasible approach to enhance the antigenicity of disseminated tumours leading to their immune recognition and rejection. The cell-free chemically synthesized oligonucleotide backbone of aptamer-siRNAs reduces the risk of immunogenicity and enhances the feasibility of generating reagents suitable for clinical use.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107067/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107067/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pastor, Fernando -- Kolonias, Despina -- Giangrande, Paloma H -- Gilboa, Eli -- R01 CA138503/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA151857-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):227-30. doi: 10.1038/nature08999.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dodson Interdisciplinary Immunotherapy Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, Florida 33134, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics/*immunology ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/genetics ; Cancer Vaccines/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chickens/genetics ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; RNA Interference ; RNA Stability/*genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics/therapeutic use ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-12-03
    Description: The capacity to fine-tune cellular bioenergetics with the demands of stem-cell maintenance and regeneration is central to normal development and ageing, and to organismal survival during periods of acute stress. How energy metabolism and stem-cell homeostatic processes are coordinated is not well understood. Lkb1 acts as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cellular energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells and functions as the major upstream kinase to phosphorylate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and 12 other AMPK-related kinases. Whether Lkb1 regulates stem-cell maintenance remains unknown. Here we show that Lkb1 has an essential role in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis. We demonstrate that ablation of Lkb1 in adult mice results in severe pancytopenia and subsequent lethality. Loss of Lkb1 leads to impaired survival and escape from quiescence of HSCs, resulting in exhaustion of the HSC pool and a marked reduction of HSC repopulating potential in vivo. Lkb1 deletion has an impact on cell proliferation in HSCs, but not on more committed compartments, pointing to context-specific functions for Lkb1 in haematopoiesis. The adverse impact of Lkb1 deletion on haematopoiesis was predominantly cell-autonomous and mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1)-independent, and involves multiple mechanisms converging on mitochondrial apoptosis and possibly downregulation of PGC-1 coactivators and their transcriptional network, which have critical roles in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Thus, Lkb1 serves as an essential regulator of HSCs and haematopoiesis, and more generally, points to the critical importance of coupling energy metabolism and stem-cell homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058342/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058342/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gan, Boyi -- Hu, Jian -- Jiang, Shan -- Liu, Yingchun -- Sahin, Ergun -- Zhuang, Li -- Fletcher-Sananikone, Eliot -- Colla, Simona -- Wang, Y Alan -- Chin, Lynda -- Depinho, Ronald A -- 01CA141508/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA135057/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA135057-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21CA135057/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA141508/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA141508-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 2;468(7324):701-4. doi: 10.1038/nature09595.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21124456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle/*physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; *Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism/pathology ; *Homeostasis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/metabolism/pathology ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Pancytopenia/genetics ; Phenotype ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: Form I Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), a complex of eight large (RbcL) and eight small (RbcS) subunits, catalyses the fixation of atmospheric CO(2) in photosynthesis. The limited catalytic efficiency of Rubisco has sparked extensive efforts to re-engineer the enzyme with the goal of enhancing agricultural productivity. To facilitate such efforts we analysed the formation of cyanobacterial form I Rubisco by in vitro reconstitution and cryo-electron microscopy. We show that RbcL subunit folding by the GroEL/GroES chaperonin is tightly coupled with assembly mediated by the chaperone RbcX(2). RbcL monomers remain partially unstable and retain high affinity for GroEL until captured by RbcX(2). As revealed by the structure of a RbcL(8)-(RbcX(2))(8) assembly intermediate, RbcX(2) acts as a molecular staple in stabilizing the RbcL subunits as dimers and facilitates RbcL(8) core assembly. Finally, addition of RbcS results in RbcX(2) release and holoenzyme formation. Specific assembly chaperones may be required more generally in the formation of complex oligomeric structures when folding is closely coupled to assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Cuimin -- Young, Anna L -- Starling-Windhof, Amanda -- Bracher, Andreas -- Saschenbrecker, Sandra -- Rao, Bharathi Vasudeva -- Rao, Karnam Vasudeva -- Berninghausen, Otto -- Mielke, Thorsten -- Hartl, F Ulrich -- Beckmann, Roland -- Hayer-Hartl, Manajit -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 14;463(7278):197-202. doi: 10.1038/nature08651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Chaperonin 10/metabolism ; Chaperonin 60/metabolism ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Holoenzymes/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Chaperones/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; *Protein Folding ; *Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/*chemistry/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Synechococcus/*chemistry/metabolism
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2010-01-19
    Description: Influenza A virus, being responsible for seasonal epidemics and reoccurring pandemics, represents a worldwide threat to public health. High mutation rates facilitate the generation of viral escape mutants, rendering vaccines and drugs directed against virus-encoded targets potentially ineffective. In contrast, targeting host cell determinants temporarily dispensable for the host but crucial for virus replication could prevent viral escape. Here we report the discovery of 287 human host cell genes influencing influenza A virus replication in a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen. Using an independent assay we confirmed 168 hits (59%) inhibiting either the endemic H1N1 (119 hits) or the current pandemic swine-origin (121 hits) influenza A virus strains, with an overlap of 60%. Notably, a subset of these common hits was also essential for replication of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 strain. In-depth analyses of several factors provided insights into their infection stage relevance. Notably, SON DNA binding protein (SON) was found to be important for normal trafficking of influenza virions to late endosomes early in infection. We also show that a small molecule inhibitor of CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1) reduces influenza virus replication by more than two orders of magnitude, an effect connected with impaired splicing of the viral M2 messenger RNA. Furthermore, influenza-virus-infected p27(-/-) (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; Cdkn1b) mice accumulated significantly lower viral titres in the lung, providing in vivo evidence for the importance of this gene. Thus, our results highlight the potency of genome-wide RNAi screening for the dissection of virus-host interactions and the identification of drug targets for a broad range of influenza viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karlas, Alexander -- Machuy, Nikolaus -- Shin, Yujin -- Pleissner, Klaus-Peter -- Artarini, Anita -- Heuer, Dagmar -- Becker, Daniel -- Khalil, Hany -- Ogilvie, Lesley A -- Hess, Simone -- Maurer, Andre P -- Muller, Elke -- Wolff, Thorsten -- Rudel, Thomas -- Meyer, Thomas F -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 11;463(7282):818-22. doi: 10.1038/nature08760. Epub 2010 Jan 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Department, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20081832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Genome, Human/genetics ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification/*growth & development ; Influenza, Human/*genetics/*virology ; Lung/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; *RNA Interference ; Virus Replication/*physiology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a plant hormone that regulates a broad array of plant defence and developmental processes. JA-Ile-responsive gene expression is regulated by the transcriptional activator MYC2 that interacts physically with the jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins. On perception of JA-Ile, JAZ proteins are degraded and JA-Ile-dependent gene expression is activated. The molecular mechanisms by which JAZ proteins repress gene expression remain unknown. Here we show that the Arabidopsis JAZ proteins recruit the Groucho/Tup1-type co-repressor TOPLESS (TPL) and TPL-related proteins (TPRs) through a previously uncharacterized adaptor protein, designated Novel Interactor of JAZ (NINJA). NINJA acts as a transcriptional repressor whose activity is mediated by a functional TPL-binding EAR repression motif. Accordingly, both NINJA and TPL proteins function as negative regulators of jasmonate responses. Our results point to TPL proteins as general co-repressors that affect multiple signalling pathways through the interaction with specific adaptor proteins. This new insight reveals how stress-related and growth-related signalling cascades use common molecular mechanisms to regulate gene expression in plants.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849182/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849182/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pauwels, Laurens -- Barbero, Gemma Fernandez -- Geerinck, Jan -- Tilleman, Sofie -- Grunewald, Wim -- Perez, Amparo Cuellar -- Chico, Jose Manuel -- Bossche, Robin Vanden -- Sewell, Jared -- Gil, Eduardo -- Garcia-Casado, Gloria -- Witters, Erwin -- Inze, Dirk -- Long, Jeff A -- De Jaeger, Geert -- Solano, Roberto -- Goossens, Alain -- R01 GM072764/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072764-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 1;464(7289):788-91. doi: 10.1038/nature08854.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Gent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/cytology/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cyclopentanes/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Models, Biological ; Oxylipins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Protein Binding ; Repressor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: Jasmonates are a family of plant hormones that regulate plant growth, development and responses to stress. The F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1) mediates jasmonate signalling by promoting hormone-dependent ubiquitylation and degradation of transcriptional repressor JAZ proteins. Despite its importance, the mechanism of jasmonate perception remains unclear. Here we present structural and pharmacological data to show that the true Arabidopsis jasmonate receptor is a complex of both COI1 and JAZ. COI1 contains an open pocket that recognizes the bioactive hormone (3R,7S)-jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) with high specificity. High-affinity hormone binding requires a bipartite JAZ degron sequence consisting of a conserved alpha-helix for COI1 docking and a loop region to trap the hormone in its binding pocket. In addition, we identify a third critical component of the jasmonate co-receptor complex, inositol pentakisphosphate, which interacts with both COI1 and JAZ adjacent to the ligand. Our results unravel the mechanism of jasmonate perception and highlight the ability of F-box proteins to evolve as multi-component signalling hubs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2988090/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2988090/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sheard, Laura B -- Tan, Xu -- Mao, Haibin -- Withers, John -- Ben-Nissan, Gili -- Hinds, Thomas R -- Kobayashi, Yuichi -- Hsu, Fong-Fu -- Sharon, Michal -- Browse, John -- He, Sheng Yang -- Rizo, Josep -- Howe, Gregg A -- Zheng, Ning -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-10/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI068718/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI068718-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA107134/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA107134-07/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057795-12/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01AI068718/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01GM57795/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07270/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):400-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09430. Epub 2010 Oct 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Box 357280, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20927106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/chemistry/metabolism ; Arabidopsis/chemistry/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cyclopentanes/chemistry/*metabolism ; F-Box Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Indenes/chemistry/metabolism ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Isoleucine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxylipins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/metabolism ; Plant Growth Regulators/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Repressor Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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