ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Humans
  • Hydrography
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (32)
  • Springer  (11)
Collection
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrograhic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9113 November 5-25, 1991 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a large-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, and during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 14 and 26 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic meaurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variabilty on the north Brazilian shelf directly influenced by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extent and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associated suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to chacterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variabilty, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrograhic observations made during the fourth AMASSEDS cruise (I9113) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Amazon River ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; Equator ; Equatorial ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9113
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 8559997 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The primary objective of this publication is to share with a wider audience the valuable information and extensive dialogue that took place amongst over 140 individuals who attended the second in a series of planned workshops on the science and management of coastal landforms in Massachusetts. This workshop took place at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on January 24, 2001. The individuals who attended this workshop are actively engaged in planning, managing, regulating, engineering, educating, and studying coastal landforms and their beneficial functions. This workshop titled, Can Humans & Coastal Landforms Co-exist?’, was a natural follow-up to a previous workshop, Coastal Landform Management in Massachusetts, held at WHOI October 9-10, 1997 (proceedings published as WHOI Technical Report #WHOI-98-16). The workshop had a very practical, applied focus, providing state-of-the-art scientific understanding of coastal landform function, case history management and regulation of human activities proposed on coastal landforms, a multi-faceted mock conservation commission hearing presented by practicing technical consultants and attorneys that involved all attendees acting as regulators in breakout sessions, and, at the conclusion of the workshop, an open discussion on all issues related to the science and management of coastal landforms, including future research needs.
    Description: Funding for these proceedings was provided by WHOI Sea Grant and the NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Office, Department of Commerce, under NOAA Grant No. M10-2, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant Project No. NA86R60075.
    Keywords: Coastal ; Landforms ; Humans
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1574993 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrographic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9004 May 23-June 13, 1990 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a small-scale survey on Leg 1 in support of mooring deployment operations, during a large-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 12 and 24 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations, and during a bottom tripod recovery on Leg 5. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic measurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variabilty on the North Brazilian shelf directly influenced by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extend and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associate suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to characterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variabilty, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during the third AMASSEDS cruise (I9004) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9004
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 10881130 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The Nantucket Shoals Flux Experiment (NSFE79) was conducted across the continental shelf and upper slope south of Nantucket from March, 1979 to April , 1980 to measure the flow of shelf water from the Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine region into the Middle Atlantic Bight. Conceived as a cooperative field experiment involving the Northeast Fisheries Center (NMFS), U.S. Geological Survey (Woods Hole), University of New Hampshire, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the experiment contained two principal components, a moored array of current meter and bottom instrumentation deployed at six locations across the shelf and upper slope spanning a depth range from 46 m to 810 m, and a series of 27 hydrographic surveys made along or near the moored array line during the experiment. A basic description of the NSFE79 hydrographic data has been given in Part 1 by Wright (1983). A description of the moored array components and the basic moored array data sets is presented here in Part 2.
    Description: The NEFC participation was supported by the NMFS Marine Resources Monitoring, Assessment, and Prediction (MARt-1AP) Program. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) supported the USGS field and analysis component under t~emoranda of Understanding M550-MU6-79, M551-MU8- 24, M551-MU9-4, and M551-MU0-18. The WHO! and UNH field programs were supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants OCE 78-19513 and OCE 78-26229.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Hydrography ; Ocean currents ; Moored arrays
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrographic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9002 February 10-March 29, 1990 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a small-scale survey on Leg 1 in support of mooring deployment operations, during a lage-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 12 and 24 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations, and during a bottom tripod recovery on Leg 5. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic measurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variability on the North Brazilian shelf directly influence by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extent and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associate suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to characterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variability, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during the seond AMASSEDS cruise (I9002) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9002
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 10556762 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report describes a newly developed automated Winkler titration system for dissolved oxygen in seawater which is presently in use at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. This amperometric, calculated, endpoint system was compared with two different automated and one manual Winkler method during a recent cruise. The four different methods agreed to within about 0.04 ml/l. The system described here measures the titrant needed to reach the endpoint with a resolution better than 0.001 ml. The standard deviation of replicate samples is 0.005 ml/l and the accuracy is about 0.02 ml/l. A technique to automatically acquire conductivity ration measurements and calculate salinity using a Guildline Autosal Salinometer is also described.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE88-22542.
    Keywords: Dissolved oxygen analysis ; Automated salinity analysis ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1524697 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: CTD observations on the R/V Wecoma cruise W8811 were made off the northern California coast November 13-24, 1988 as part of the .S.helf Mlxed Layer Experiment (SMILE). The survey consisted of repeated mappings of the central transect (C) through the SMILE moored array, and two synoptic sampling surveys-a large-scale grid of four cross-shelf transects extending to both sides ofPoint Arena and Point Reyes, and a small-scale grid of five cross-shelf transects located near the central SMILE mooring site. The small-scale hydrographic survey had a much higher spatial resolution of CTD stations than the large-scale survey. The primary objectives of the hydrographic measurement program were to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, and light transmission fields and their temporal and spatial variability in the surface boundary layer along the continental shelf and slope near the SMILE moored array, and to acquire an estimate of the cross-shelf and along-shelf scales over which the mixed-layer depth varies. All of the cross-shelf transects extended beyond the shelf break and the maximum sampling depth at each station was near-bottom or 600 m. This report presents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during cruise W8811 on the RN Wecoma.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through grant Number OCE 87-16937
    Keywords: Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE) ; Hydrography ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8811
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: On the Ocean Bottom Seismometer Augmentation in the North Pacific Experiment (OBSANP, June-July, 2013, R/V Melville), a VLA and twelve OBSs were deployed to listen to an active acoustic source, a J15-3. This report describes the hardware and software used to control and record the acoustic transmissions from the source. Some significant features of the system are: 1) The system transmits general user-defined source functions, such as M-sequences (.SIO files). 2) In addition to controlling the source waveform, the system also records six real-time channels in binary files with user-selectable lengths: the monitor hydrophone mounted near the source, the power amplifier voltage and current, the depth of the source, Vref signal driving the power amplifiers and an IRIG-B time reference. Files are output in .AUV format with a precision GPSbased time stamp in the file name. 3) The transmission start time along with ADC and DAC sample rates are disciplined to GPS time. 4) A convenient, Labview based, user interface provides real-time source control and monitoring. 5) The software provides parsing and logging of gyro and GPS NMEA sentences. The system, which was based on an earlier system from Scripps MPL, worked well on OBSANP and is available for future projects.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-10-1-0987 and N00014-10-1-0510.
    Keywords: Melville (Ship) Cruise OBSANP ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Hydrographic and CTD data collected during R.V. Endeavor cruise 129 are presented. These data include temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen observed at standard levels by a Neil Brown Instrument Systems' CTD-02 profiler and salinity, dissolved oxygen, silica, phosphate and nitrate values at the observed depths of the collected water samples. Ninety- two stations were occupied on two short sections within the Caribbean and one long meridional section at (nominally) 64° West from the British Virgin Islands to the 200 m depth contour south of Newfoundland. Also presented are a series of sectional profiles of the six observed parameters as a function of depth.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Number OCE 84-14243.
    Keywords: Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN129 ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Patch Experiment (PATCHEX) was a multi-ship experiment that took place in the area near 34 N, 127 W, between 8 and 27 October, 1986. The ships used in the experiment and their chief scientific objectives were the following: R/V THOMPSON, AMP (Advanced Microstructure Profiler) and MSP (micro-structure profiler) drops; USNS DESTEIGUER, ADCP (Acoustic Doppler current Profiler), seasoar and RiNo (Richardson Number) f loat operations; R/V POINT SUR, ADCP and towed fish; and FLIP, Acoustic Doppler and CTD profiling. This report describes the RiNo operations carried out on the USNS DESTEIGUER. Topics discussed include the RiNo float, the sensors used, how it was tracked, some of the preliminary results, and a log of the relevant parts of USNS DESTEIGUER Cruise #84.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research through contract Number N00014-85-C-0001.
    Keywords: Patch Experiment ; Hydrography ; Oceanographic instruments ; Desteiguer (Ship) Cruise 84
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The final cruise of the NSF sponsored Warm Core Rings Program studied a Warm Core Ring (WCR) in the Fall of 1982 as it formed from a large northward meander of the Gulf Stream. This ring, known as 82-H or the eighth ring identified in 1982, formed over the New England Seamounts near 39.5°N, 65°W. Surveys using Expendable Bathythermographs, Conductivity-Temperature-DepthOxygen stations and Doppler Current Profiling provide a look at the genesis of a WCR. These measurements reveal that WCR 82-H separated from the Gulf Stream sometime between October 2-5. This ring was a typical WCR with a diameter of about 200 km and speeds in the high velocity core of 175 em/sec. Satellite imagery of 82-H following the cruise showed that it drifted WSW in the Slope Water region at almost 9 km/day, had at least one interaction with the Gulf Stream and was last observed on February 8, 1983 at 39°N, 72°W.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Number OCE 80- 16983 and by the National Aeronautical and Space Administration under Grant Number NAGW-272.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN90
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report describes a newly developed automated Winkler titration system for dissolved oxygen in seawater which is presently in use at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. This amperometric, calculated endpoint system was compared with two different automated and one manual Winkler method during a recent cruise. The four different methods agreed to within about 0.04 ml/l. The system described here measures the titrant needed to reach the endpoint with a resolution better than 0.001 ml. The standard deviation of replicate samples is 0.005 ml/l and the accuracy is about 0.02 ml/l. A technique to automatically acquire conductivity ratio measurements and calculate salinity using a Guildline Autosal Salinometer is also describe.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE88-22542.
    Keywords: Dissolved oxygen analysis ; Automated salinity analysis ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1542542 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Two years of temperature, salinity, current, and nutrient data were collected on four subsurface moorings as part of the 2 year field component of the CLIMODE experiment. The moorings were located in North Atlantic’s subtropical gyre, south-east of the Gulf Stream. Two moorings, the most heavily instrumented, were close to the Gulf Stream, in the region where cold air outbreaks force large air-sea fluxes and where Eighteen Degree Water outcrops. Two other moorings were located farther south and carried more limited instrumentation. The moorings were initially deployed in November of 2005, turned around in November of 2006 and finally recovered in November of 2007. During the first year, the moorings close to the Gulf Stream suffered considerable blow down, and some of the instruments failed. During the second year, the blow down was greatly reduced and most instruments collected a full year worth of data.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Division of Ocean Sciences of the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-0424536.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CLIvar MOde Water Dynamic Experiment (CLIMODE) ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC419 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC434 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC442 ; Atlantis (Ship : 1996-) Cruise AT13
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: CTD and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made in the Great South Channel (GSC) off the New England coast during R/V Endeavor cruise EN196 May 18 to June 12, 1989 as part of the South Channel Ocean Productivity EXperiment (SCOPEX). These observations were obtained using several sampling plans - a series of small-scale surveys in support of biological sampling and a large-scale survey of five cross-channel transects extending from Nantucket Shoals and the coast of Cape Cod to Georges Bank. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within a few meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the hydrographic measurement program were to a) observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variability in the Great South Channel off the New England coast, (b) resolve the low salinity surface plume-like structure usually observed east of Cape Cod in late spring, (c) define the front or boundary between the vertically well-mixed water over Nantucket Shoals, the GSC, Georges Bank, and the stratified water in the deeper southwestern Gulf of Maine, and (d) characterize water properties in regions of enhanced biological productivity. This report presents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during cruise EN196 on the R/V Endeavor.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant Number 87-13988
    Keywords: South Channel Ocean Productivity Experiment ; Hydrography ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN196
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: In February and March of 1978 a major cruise was undertaken on the R/V KNORR off the Peruvian coast near 15°S in order to investigate the organic biogeochemical processes associated with upwelling areas. The purpose of this report is to collate the large amount of hydrographic, nutrient, and plankton data generated from various investigators on this cruise and use the report as a standard for the cruise participants. Data for temperature, salinity, oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, productivity indices, and carbon fixation rates are given.
    Description: Prepared for the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE 77-26084, for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C-0262 ER 083-004 and for the NOAA Office of Sea Grant under Grants 04-7-158-44034 and 04-8-MO1-79 to the University of New Hampshire/University of Maine Cooperative Institutional Sea Grant Proqram.
    Keywords: Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN73-2 ; Hydrography ; Oceanography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: CTD and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I8909 August 3-14, 1989 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a large-scale survey in support of geological and geochemical sampling, an anchored time series station consisting of 26 hourly CTD casts, and one transect which was repeated off the mouth of the Amazon River. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic measurement program were to (a) observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variability on the north Brazilian shelf directly influenced by the Amazon River discharge, (b) resolve the seaward extent and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associated suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) characterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variability, and (e) describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current (NBC) with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during the first AMASSEDS cruise (I8909) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant Number OCE 88-12917
    Keywords: Amazon Shelf Sediment Study ; Hydrography ; Marine sediments ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI8909
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Data from four floppy disks found in the zip file
    Description: A selection of hydrographic station data in the Atlantic between 8°S and 70°N is packed on four 5 1/4" floppy disks. Sample utility programs for reading and plotting the data are also on the disks. We present this computer atlas in preliminary form for use by students and professionals, in the belief that easy access to this valuable historical data will be educational and stimulating.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract Number N00014-84-C-0134, and the National Science Foundation through grant Number OCE86-13810.
    Keywords: Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/zip
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Three surveys were made during June, 1980 on the R/V Oceanographer to measure the regional hydrographic structure in the East China Sea near the mouth of the Chang Jiang (Yangtze) River. The objective of the hydrographic program was to document the spatial and temporal structure of the Chang Jiang plume over the continental shelf and characterize the river's influence on the shelf water masses. A summary of the hydrographic observations made during Cruise RP-05-0C-80 on the R/V Oceanographer is presented in graphic form.
    Description: Prepared for the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration under Cooperative Agreement NA81AA-H-00008 and for the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE-80-14941.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Hydrography ; Oceanographer (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with past cruises that have come between October and May. This cruise was conducted on the Chilean research vessel Cabo de Hornos. During the 2016 cruise on the Cabo de Hornos to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities were the recovery of the previous (Stratus 14) WHOI surface mooring, deployment of the new Stratus 15 WHOI surface mooring, in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison with instrumentation installed on the ship, CTD casts near the moorings. Surface drifters and ARGO floats were also launched along the track.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA14OAR4320158
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Oceanographic instruments ; Cabo de Hornos (Ship) Cruise Stratus 15
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Historical hydrographic transects of the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf-break front are compiled by month and described in this report. Interannual variability of the meteorological forcing and slope water mass properties are presented as an aid in interpreting the variability of the frontal structure. Descriptions of the significant features of the front, shelf and slope water masses precede the compiled transects. The sections are limited to the upper 350 m of the water column and a cross-shore extent of 280m.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-79EV10005
    Keywords: Continental shelf ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) was established to address the need for accurate air-sea flux estimates and upper ocean measurements in a region with strong sea surface temperature anomalies and the likelihood of significant local air–sea interaction on inter-annual to decadal timescales. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 15N, 51W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations are used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. The NTAS Ocean Reference Station (ORS NTAS) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division. This report documents recovery of the NTAS-15 mooring and deployment of the NTAS-16 mooring. Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element. These buoys were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 160 m of the mooring line were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, salinity and velocity. The mooring turnaround was done by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), onboard R/V Endeavor (cruise EN590). The cruise took place between January 21 and February 8 2017. The NTAS-16 mooring was deployed on January 30, and the NTAS-15 mooring was recovered on January 31. A 24-hour intercomparison period was conducted on January 29 in front of the NTAS 15 buoy, and again on February 1 in front of the NTAS 16 buoy. During the inter-comparisons, data from instrumentation on the buoys, telemetered through Argos satellite system, and the ship’s meteorological and oceanographic measurements were monitored while the ship was stationed 0.2 nm downwind of the buoys. This report describes these operations, as well as other work done on the cruise and some of the pre-cruise buoy preparations. Other operations during EN590 consisted in the recovery and deployment of the Meridional Overturning Variability Experiment (MOVE) Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES) at two MOVE arrays (MOVE 1 in the east, and MOVE 3 in the west near Guadeloupe). Acoustic downloads of data from (PIES) and subsurface mooring (MOVE1, 3 and 4) were also conducted. MOVE is designed to monitor the integrated deep meridional flow in the tropical North Atlantic.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA14OAR4320158.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Oceanographic instruments ; Meteorology ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN590
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: ENDEAVOR cruise number 97 (8-19 April, 1983) was the ninth scheduled cruise to the Long Term Upper Ocean Study (LOTUS) area centered at 34°N, 70°W. During the cruise three LOTUS moorings (a near-surface and two subsurface moorings) deployed eleven months earlier were recovered and replaced by a nearly identical set of moorings. The new array will remain in the water during the final year of LOTUS field work. The LOTUS surface mooring, scheduled to be recovered during ENDEAVOR 97, had been partially recovered one month earlier after the mooring parted and drifted off station. The lower portion of the surface mooring which went to the bottom when the mooring failed was successfully recovered during ENDEAVOR 97. A new surface mooring replacing the one that parted and a C. S. Draper Labs profiling current meter mooring were also set during the cruise. Non-mooring work included deploying three satellite tracked drifter buoys and completing five CTD stations in the LOTUS area. Several inter-comparisons between shipborne meteorological sensors and similar sensors on the LOTUS surface buoy and the drifter buoys were made. An XBT section was also completed along 70°W between 40°N and 34°N. Part I of this report is a summary of the major cruise activities and part II presents the hydrographic data (CTD and XBT) collected during the cruise.
    Description: This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. 000014-76-C-0197, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Hydrography ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN97
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: OCEANUS cruise number 129 (28 October-4 November, 1982) was the eighth in a series of cruises to the Long Term Upper Ocean Study (LOTUS) area centered at 34°N, 70°W. In the LOTUS area seven SOFAR floats were launched, two moorings were recovered (a LOTUS surface mooring and a C. S. Draper Labs profiling current meter mooring), and a surface mooring which replaced the one recovered was set. Seven CTD stations were also completed in the LOTUS area. Outside the LOTUS area a subsurface mooring was set in the Gulf Stream in cooperation with H. Bryden's (WHOI) Gulf Stream Observations project, and a WHOI engineering mooring at Site D was recovered, examined and redeployed. In addition several XBT sections were made, one along 70°W between 40°N and 34°N, a second surveyed a cold core ring discovered during the trip to the LOTUS area and a third was made in the vicinity of the Gulf Stream Observations mooring. Part I of this report is a summary of the major cruise activities and part II presents the hydrographic data (CTD and XBT) collected during the cruise.
    Description: This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-76-C-0197, NR083-400.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Hydrography ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC129
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: In March 1971, seven members of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution were engaged in a multidisciplinary study of Lake Kivu. This expedition represents part of a long-range program concerned with the structural and hydrographical settings of the East African Rift Lakes and their relationships to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden Rifts. The program started in May 1963 with a geophysical study on Lake Malawi (von Herzen and Vacquier, 1967). Several expeditions of our Institution into the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden area in 1964, 1965 and 1966 (Degens and Ross, 1969) provided detailed geological information on the "northern" extension of the East African Rift. And finally our study of last year on Lake Tanganyika c1osed a major gap in the program; it allowed us to out1ine a model on the evolution of a rift which starts with (i) bulging of the earth's crust, (ii) block-faulting, (iii) volcanism and hydrothermal activity, and which has its final stage in (iv) sea floor spreading (Degens et al. 1971). In the case of Lake Tanganyika, only the second stage of this evolution series has been reached, i.e. block-faulting. In contrast, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden had already evolved to active sea floor spreading, almost 25 million years ago. Somewhere along the line between Lake Tanganyika and the Gulf of Aden must lie the "missing link" of this evolution series. Lake Kivu, almost 100 miles to the north of Lake Tanganyika is situated at the highest point of the Rift Valley and is surrounded by active volcanoes and geothermal springs. As recently as 1944, lava flows reached the lake shore. This lake was therefore, a natural choice to test our hypothesis on the origin and development of rifts. Furthermore, the occurrence of large quantities of dissolved gases, e.g., CO2 and methane, represented an interesting geochemical phenomenon worthwhile to investigate.
    Description: Supported by the National Science Foundation with Grants GA 19262, GB 20956, and GU 3927; grants from the Petroleum Research Fund of the American Chemical Society PRF#1943A2; and by private research funds of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Keywords: Geophysics ; Hydrography ; Sedimentology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: In March and April of 1981 a major cruise was undertaken on the R/V Atlantis II off the Peruvian coast near 15°S in order to investigate the sea-air exchange of selected heavy metals and natural and anthropogenic organic compounds. The purpose of this report is to collate the hydrographic, nutrient, and plankton data generated from various investigators on this cruise end to provide a standard of reference for the cruise participants. Data for temperature, salinity, oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, axnmonium, phosphate, silicate, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon, and particulate organic nitrogen are given. In addition, air and sea temperatures, and wind speed and direction data, collected using the SAIL system, are included.
    Description: Prepared for the National Science Foundation under Grants OCE 77-12914, OCE 80-17877 and OCE 81-11947.
    Keywords: Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII108-3 ; Oceanography ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: CTD observations were made off the northern California coast during R/V Wecoma cruise W8902 February 22- March 10, 1989 as part of the Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE). The surveys consisted of three sampling plans- a large-scale grid of four cross-shelf transects extending to both sides of Point Arena and Point Reyes, a small-scale grid of five cross-shelf transects located near the central SMILE mooring site, and an expanded small-scale grid of nine cross-shelf transects. All of the cross-shelf transects extended beyond the shelf break and the maximum sampling depth at each station was near-bottom or 1000 m. The average along-shelf separation between cross-shelf transects was about 15 km for the small-scale surveys and 50 km for the large-scale grid. The primary objectives of the hydrographic measurement program were to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, and light transmission fields and their temporal and spatial variability in the surface boundary layer along the continental shelf and slope near the SMILE moored array, and to acquire estimates of the cross- and along-shelf scales over which the mixed-layer depth varies. This report presents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during cruise W8902 on the R/V Wecoma.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant Number OCE 87-16937
    Keywords: Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE) ; Hydrography ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8902
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: CTD observations were made off the northern California coast during R/V Wecoma cruise W8905 May 5-14, 1989 as part of the Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE). The surveys consisted of two sampling plans - a large-scale grid of four cross-shelf transects extending to both sides of Point Arena and Point Reyes, and a small-scale grid of six cross-shelf transects located near the central SMILE mooring site. All of the cross-shelf transects extended beyond the shelf break and the maximum sampling depth at each station was near-bottom or 1500 m. The average along-shelf separation between cross-shelf transects was about 15 km for the small-scale surveys and 50 km for the large-scale grid. The primary objectives of the hydrographic measurement program were to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, and light transmission fields and their temporal and spatial variability in the surface boundary layer along the continental shelf and slope near the SMILE moored array, and to acquire estimates of the cross- and along-shelf scales over which the mixed-layer depth varies. This report presents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during cruise W8905 on the R/V Wecoma.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant Number OCE 87-16937
    Keywords: Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE) ; Hydrography ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8905
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Site (WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves as a coordinated part of the Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) program, contributing to the goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. This report documents recovery of the ninth WHOTS mooring (WHOTS-9) and deployment of the tenth mooring (WHOTS-10). Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the moorings were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and velocity in a cooperative effort with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii. A pCO2 system and ancillary sensors were installed on the buoys in cooperation with Chris Sabine at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. A set of radiometers were installed in cooperation with Sam Laney at WHOI. The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the NOAA ship Hi’ialakai by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 9 and 16 July 2013. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-10 mooring on 10 July. This was followed by meteorological intercomparisons and CTDs. Recovery of the WHOTS-9 mooring took place on 14 July. This report describes these cruise operations, as well as some of the in-port operations and pre-cruise buoy preparations.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant. No. NA090AR4320129 and the Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region (CINAR)
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Hi'ialakai (Ship) Cruise WHOTS-10
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Hydrographic data collected during R/V Endeavor cruise 143 is presented as a preliminary study of subduction in the northeast Atlantic south of the Azores Front. The front is clearly defined at the northern end of CTD section #1 which also shows a layer of 16-18°C water subducted to the south. Section #2, 280 km to the east, is dominated by a large cyclonic ring with characteristics similar to 'eastern' rings reported earlier . An anomalously salty parcel of Mediterranean water in this section is typical of highly saline lenses seen in the Canary Basin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. OCE 85-15642 and OCE 85-18372.
    Keywords: Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN143 ; Oceanography ; Hydrography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Two extended cruises were made during May and August, 1976, to measure the regional hydrographic structure in the vicinity of Georges Bank on the New England Continental Shelf. A summary of the hydrographic observations made during Cruise E2B76 on the R/V Eastward and leg 3 of Cruise 13 on the R/V Oceanus are presented in graphic form.
    Description: Prepared for the United States Geological Survey under Contract No. 14-08-0001-15615 and for· the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE-76-01813 (WHOI).
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Ocean temperature ; Salinity ; Eastward (Ship) Cruise E2B76 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC13
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Three cruises were made during May, July, and September 1978, to measure the regional hydrographic structure in the vicinity of Nantucket Shoals on the New England Continental Shelf. A summary of the hydrographic observations made during Cruise NSl, NS2, and NS3 on the R/V EDGERTCN is presented in graphic form.
    Description: Prepared with funds from the Department of Commerce, NOAA Office of Sea Grant under Grant #04- 7-158-44104 and #04-8-M01-149.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; Oceanography ; Edgerton (Ship) Cruise NS1 ; Edgerton (Ship) Cruise NS2 ; Edgerton (Ship) Cruise NS3
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Hydrographic data collected during R.V. Oceanus cruise 133, leg VII are presented. These data include temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen observed at standard levels by a Neil Brown Instrument Systems' CTD-02 profiler and salinity, dissolved oxygen, silicate, phosphate and nitrate values at the observed depths of the collected water samples. Ninety-four stations were occupied on a meridional section at (nominally) 52°West from Brazil to Greenland. Also presented are a series of sectional profiles of the six observed parameters as a function of depth.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant Number OCE 80-15789.
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Hydrography ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC133-7
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 311-320 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome composition ; Coding sequences ; Isochores ; Humans ; Murids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The compositional distributions of coding sequences and DNA molecules (in the 50-100-kb range) are remarkably narrower in murids (rat and mouse) compared to humans (as well as to all other mammals explored so far). In murids, both distributions begin at higher and end at lower GC values. A comparison of homologous coding sequences from murids and humans revealed that their different compositional distributions are due to differences in GC levels in all three codon positions, particularly of genes located at both ends of the distribution. In turn, these differences are responsible for differences in both codon usage and amino acids. When GC levels at first+second codon positions and third codon positions, respectively, of murid genes are plotted against corresponding GC levels of homologous human genes, linear relationships (with very high correlation coefficients and slopes of about 0.78 and 0.60, respectively) are found. This indicates a conservation of the order of GC levels in homologous genes from humans and murids. (The same comparison for mouse and rat genes indicates a conservation of GC levels of homologous genes.) A similar linear relationship was observed when plotting GC levels of corresponding DNA fractions (as obtained by density gradient centrifugation in the presence of a sequence-specific ligand) from mouse and human. These findings indicate that orderly compositional changes affecting not only coding sequences but also noncoding sequences took place since the divergence of murids. Such directional fixations of mutations point to the existence of selective pressures affecting the genome as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 7-16 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alu source genes ; Humans ; Gorillas ; Retrotransposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A member of the young PV Alu sub-family is detected in chimpanzee DNA showing that the PV subfamily is not specific to human DNA. This particular Alu is absent from the orthologous loci in both human and gorilla DNAs, indicating that PV subfamily members transposed within the chimpanzee lineage following the divergence of chimpanzee from both gorilla and human. These findings and previous reports describing the transpositional activity of other Alu sequences within the human, gorilla, and chimpanzee lineages provide phylogenetic evidence for the existence of multiple Alu source genes. Sequences surrounding this particular Alu resemble known transcriptional control elements associated with RNA polymerase III, suggesting a mechanism by which cis-acting elements might be acquired upon retrotransposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 33 (1991), S. 442-449 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mouse ; Rat ; Codon usage ; Mutation bias ; Selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new statistical test has been developed to detect selection on silent sites. This test compares the codon usage within a gene and thus does not require knowledge of which genes are under the greatest selection, that there exist common trends in codon usage across genes, or that genes have the same mutation pattern. It also controls for mutational biases that might be introduced by the adjacent bases. The test was applied to 62 mammalian sequences, the significant codon usage biases were detected in all three species examined (humans, rats, and mice). However, these biases appear not to be the consequence of selection, but of the first base pair in the codon influencing the mutation pattern at the third position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 34 (1992), S. 336-344 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Nuclear polymorphisms ; Heteroplasmy ; Genetic differentiation ; Sickle cell ; Rain forest refuges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The identification of genetically coherent populations is essential for understanding human evolution. Among the culturally uniform ethnic groups of west Africa, there are two geographically distinct populations with high frequencies of sickle-cell hemoglobin (HbS). Although the HbS mutation in each group is found on distinguishable chromosomes 11, these populations have been assumed to be parts of a single population. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in these populations demonstrated that the two populations identified by alternative chromosomes 11 bearing HbS have distinct distributions of mitochondrial genotypes, i.e., they are maternally separate. These studies also showed that, contrary to expectation, the mtDNA of some individuals is heteroplasmic. For nuclear loci, a comparison of the frequency of alternative alleles established that these populations are genetically distinct. Both the mitochondrial and nuclear data indicate that these populations have been separate for approximately 50,000 years. Although HbS in the two populations is usually attributed to recent, independent mutations, the duration of the separation and the observed geographic distribution of the population allow for the possibility of an ancient origin of HbS. Assuming an ancient mutation and considering the known biogeography, we suggest that HbS protected selected populations from malaria in rain forest refuges during the most recent ice age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 124 (1993), S. 73-77 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Assessment ; Cancer ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Mushroom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This assessment focuses on the concentrations of some chemicals present in theAgaricus bisporus mushroom, the cancer-inducing doses of these chemicals or mushroom used in the animal experiments, the total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in these mice, and the estimated total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in humans. By adding the estimated amounts of chemicals needed to induce cancer and by comparing it with the amount of raw mushroom needed to induce the same effect, it becomes obvious that we have accounted for less than 2% of the carcinogenic components of theAgaricus bisporus mushroom. Since some unavailable data handicapped this assessment, it should be regarded as tentative and subject to further adjustment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 34 (1990), S. 42-48 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Briths ; Humans ; Solar wind ; Geomagnetism ; Melatonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Data obtained from the literature on the annual pattern of human conceptions and plasma melatonin at high latitudes indicated that simple annual rhythms do not exist. Instead, prominent semiannual rhythms are found, with equinoctial troughs and solsticial peaks. A prominent semiannual environmental event is the magnetic disturbance induced by the solar wind. The semiannual magnetic disturbances are worldwide, but most pronounced in the auroral zones where the corpuscular radiation enters the atmosphere. Magnetic indices that predominantly reflect these events were obtained from the literature and correlated with the melatonin and conception data. Significant and inverse correlations were found for Inuit conceptions and the melatonin data. The correlations obtained for 48 contiguous states of the United States indicated that only the extreme northern states exhibited this relationship. These data were compared with a previous correlational study in the United States which established that sunshine was correlated with conceptions in the middle latitude and southern states. An hypothesis of dual control by electromagnetic and magnetic energies is proposed: melatonin is a progonadal hormone in humans controlled by both factors, depending on their relative strength. Other studies are reviewed regarding the possible factors involved in determining the annual pattern of human conceptions. Demographic studies of geographic variation in temporal patterns of conceptions, with particular regard to variations of the magnetic fields on the earth's surface, may provide some insight into the efficacy of these different factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Skeletal muscles ; Ultrastructure ; Exercise ; Glycogen ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of glycogen particles in semithin and ultrathin sections of biopsy samples from human muscles subjected to either short- or long-term running were investigated using PAS and Periodic Acid-ThioSemiCarbazide-Silver Proteinate (PA-TSC-SP) staining methods. Glycogen particles were predominantly found immediately under the sarcolemma or aligned along the myofibrillar Iband. After long-term exhaustive exercise type-1 fibers with a few or no glycogen particles in the core of the fibers were frequently observed. The subsarcolemmal glycogen stores of these “depleted” type-1 fibers were about three times as large as after exhaustive short-time exercise. Another indication of utilization of subsarcolemmal glycogen stores during anaerobic exercise was that many particles displayed a pale, rudimentary shape. This observation suggests fragmental metabolization of glycogen. Thus, depending on type of exercise and type of fiber differential and sequential glycogen utilization patterns can be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 6 (1981), S. 371-375 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Anguilliformes ; Anguillidae ; Leptocephalus ; Fish larvae ; Horizontal distribution ; Vertical distribution ; Spawning area ; Migration ; Ultrasonic tracking ; Hydrography ; Ecology ; North Atlantic ; Anguilla anguilla ; A. rostrata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis This report presents preliminary results of the 1979 Sargasso Sea expedition from February to May 1979. Information is given on horizontal and vertical distribution of eel larvae and adults, adult eel tracking and pelagic trawling. Related matters such as electrophoretic studies on anguilliform larvae, feeding of eel larvae, predation on leptocephali, occurrence of other anguilliform larvae and hydrography are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Animal cognition 1 (1998), S. 25-35 
    ISSN: 1435-9456
    Keywords: Key words Shape from shading ; Visual search ; Texture segregation ; Chimpanzees ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The perception of shape from shading was tested in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and five humans (Homo sapiens), using visual search tasks. Subjects were required to select and touch an odd item (target) from among uniform distractors. Humans found the target faster when shading was vertical than when it was horizontal, consistent with results of previous research. Both chimpanzees showed the opposite pattern: they found the target faster when shading was horizontal. The same difference in response was found in texture segregation tasks. This difference between the species could not be explained by head rotation or head shift parallel to the surface of the monitor. Furthermore, when the shaded shape was changed from a circle to a square, or the shading type was changed from gradual to stepwise, the difference in performance between vertical and horizontal shading disappeared in chimpanzees, but persisted in humans. These results suggest that chimpanzees process shading information in a different way from humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 70 (1980), S. 123-132 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Hydrography ; plankton ; Bay of Bengal ; Productivity ; monsoons ; rivers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The hydrographical features and the inshore plankton of the northern part of the Bay of Bengal was studied from the Balasore coast. The hydrology is mainly governed by the monsoons and river systems flowing into the bay. The surface temperature showed a bimodal pattern with a summer and autumn maximum. The salinity was below the oceanic average with the lowest value during October. The coastal water was found to be rich in nutrients, with peak values during the southwest monsoon. Three phytoplankton blooms followed by zooplankton maxima were observed between early spring and late fall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 21 (1993), S. 489-499 
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Work of breathing ; Inspiratory pressure-time integral ; Respiratory modeling ; Dogs ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We hypothesized that the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system should have significant implications for the energetically optimal frequency of breathing, in view of the fact that these properties cause marked dependencies of overall system resistance and elastance on frequency. To test our hypothesis we simulated two models of canine and human respiratory system mechanics during sinusoidal breathing and calculated the inspiratory work ( $$\dot W$$ ) and pressure-time integral (PTI) per minute under both resting and exercise conditions. The two models were a two-compartment viscoelastic model and a single-compartment model. Requiring minute alveolar ventilation to be fixed, we found that both models predicted almost identical optimum breathing frequencies. The calculated PTI was very insensitive to increases in breathing frequency above the optimal frequencies, while $$\dot W$$ was found to increase slowly with frequency above its optimum. In contrast, both $$\dot W$$ and PTI increased sharply as frequency decreased below their respective optima. A sensitivity analysis showed that the model predictions were very insensitive to the elastance and resistance values chosen to characterize tissue viscoelasticity. We conclude that the $$\dot W$$ criterion for choosing the frequency of breathing is compatible with observations in nature, whereas the optimal frequency predictions of the PTI are rather too high. Both criteria allow for a fairly wide margin of choice in frequency above the optimum values without incurring excessive additional energy expenditure. Furthermore, contrary to our expectations, the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system tissues do not pose a noticeable problem to the respiratory controller in terms of energy expenditure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...