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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2,128)
  • 1970-1974  (2,128)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When as many as four vicinal couplings occur between four protons situated on three carbon atoms of a cyclobutane ring, one can employ the Karplus relation to assign the configuration of substituents at the remaining positions and make some inferences about the stereochemistry. Four examples are described; the spectra and data are analyzed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The conformational free energies of CN, Cl and COOC2H5 substituents have been evaluated from the PMR spectra of 4-substituted 3,3,6,6-d4-cyclohexene.The PMR spectra of trans-1,2-dicyano-3,3,6,6-d4-cyclohexane permit the conformational equilibrium (in different solvents) and the gauche diequatorial interaction energy between the two CN substituents to be estimated.
    Notes: Les enthalpies libres conformationnelles des substituants CN, Cl et COOC2H5 ont été évaluées à partir de l'étude des spectres RMN des cyclohexènes (D4-3,3,6,6) monosubstitués en 4.Les spectres RMN du dicyano-1,2cyclohexane (D4-3,3,6,6)trans ont permis une estimation de l'équilibre conformationnel (dans différents solvants) ainsi que de l'énergie d'interaction gauche diéquatoriale entre les deux groupements CN.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The temperature dependence of the NMR spectrum of 5,5-dimethyl-3,7-dithia-1,2-benzocyclo-heptene-(1) is described and discussed. This compound occurs in two conformers with different topographies of the seven membered ring. From the chemical shift of the 2 geminal methyl groups (obtained by low-temperature spectra) it can be shown that the ring occurs in one case in the chair form and in the other case in the twist form. The free conformational energy of the twist form is only about 20 cal/mole. Two conformational changes can be distinguished: the conversion between chair and twist forms and the pseudorotation of the twist forms. The free activation enthalpies of the conversion (ΔGV≠) and the pseudorotation (ΔGP≠) are 12·6 ± 0·1 Kcal/mole (at -12°C) and 8·3 ± 0·3 Kcal/mole (at -95°C) respectively.
    Notes: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Protonenresonanzen (PR) des 5.5-Dimethyl-3.7-dithia-1.2-benzocycloheptens-(1) wird beschrieben und diskutiert. Diese Verbindung liegt in zwei Konformeren mit unterschiedlicher Topographie des Siebenringes vor. Anhand der den Tieftemperatur-spektren entnommenen Werten der chemischen Verschiebung der Signale geminaler Methylgruppen wird gezeigt, daß der Siebenring bei einem dieser Konformeren Sessel-, beim anderen Twistform hat. Die freie Konformationsenthalpie des Twistkonformeren beträgt nur etwa 20 cal/Mol. Zwei konformative Umwandlungsprozesse können kinetisch verfolgt werden: Die Version zwischen Sessel- und Twist-Konformationen und die Pseudorotation der Twist-Konformationen. Die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔGv≠ der Version berträgt 12,6 ± 0,1 kcal/Mol(bei - 12°C), die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔGP≠ der Pseudorotation 8.3 ± 0.3 kcal/Mol (bei -95°C).
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 49-53 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Magnetic non-equivalence of methylenic protons in compounds of the type HO2CCH2SR′ and RO2CCH2SR′ were studies and the influence of substitution discussed. Furthermore, it was found that the methylene geminal coupling constant, JAB, is almost independent of the constitution of the compounds and the solvents used. A variation of the magnetic non-equivalence, Δv, of the methylenic protons with the constitution of the compounds and the solvents used is, however, observed.
    Notes: Die magnetische Nichtäquivalenz der Methylenprotonen in den Verbindungen HO2CCH2SR′ und RO2CCH2SR′ wurde untersucht und die Einwirkung der Substituenten auf die geminalen Kopplungskonstanten JAB diskitiert. Es zeigte sich, dass die geminalen Kopplungskonstanten der Methylenprotonen fast unabhängig von der Konstitution der Verbindugen und den verwendeten Lösungsmitteln waren. Die magnetische Nichtäquivalenz der Methylenprotonen war sowohl von der Konstitution wie vom Lösungsmittel abhängig.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: NMR spectroscopy has been used to investigate the ring inversions of the unsaturated seven membered ring system in a total of 20 benzocycloheptene derivatives with 1, 2 and 3 pairs of geminal substituents. For all compounds the inversion of the ring at - 80°C is ‘frozen’ and at this temperature only one conformation is present in detectable quantity, presumably that of the chair form.The free activation enthalpies ΔG≠ for the chair inversions lie between 9·9 and 13·7 kcal/mole. For disubstituted and tetrasubstituted benzocycloheptenes the ΔG≠ values vary according to the positions of the ligands: for disubstituted derivatives ΔG≠ is largest for the 5-position and smallest for the 3-position. For the tetrasubstituted derivatives the inversion of the ring - compared to that in the comparable dimethyl derivatives - is made more difficult when the ligands are in the 3,6- or 3,7- positions, but is facilitated when in the 3,5- or 4,6- positions. The effect observed in the 3,5- and 4,6- substituted rings is due to transanular repulsion of synaxial substituents, which leads to a flattening of the ring. Such a repulsion does not occur when the ligands are in the 3,6- positions. On the other hand, when the ligands are in 3,7- positions the transanular repulsion leads to a stronger puckering of the chair; the inversion could be hindered by this.For benzocycloheptene the activation energies for the inversions between chair, boat and twist (S, W, T) conformations were determined from model calculations. The best route for the inversion of the chair is the version way S → W via the transitional conformation V45 and V56. The calculated activation energy for this (14·6 kcal/mole) agrees well with the experimentally determined value (13 ± 1·5 kcal/mole). For the pseudorotation W → T a slightly lower calculated value of 11·1 kcal/mole was found.
    Notes: Bei insgesamt 20 Benzocycloheptenderivaten mit 1, 2 und 3 Paaren geminaler Substituenten wurden die konformativen Umwandlungen des ungesättigten Siebenringes PR-spektroskopisch untersucht.Bei allen Verbindungen ist das Umklappen des Ringes bei - 80°C ‘eingefroren.’ In nachweisbarer Menge liegt bei dieser Temperatur in allen Fällen nur ein Konformeres vor, vermutlich dasjenige mit der Sesselform des Siebenringes.Die Werte der freien Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔG≠ der Sesselinversion liegen zwischen 9,9 und 13,7 kcal/Mol. Bei di- und tetrasubstituierten Benzocycloheptenen hängt der ΔG≠-Wert von der Stellung der Liganden ab: Bei den disubstituierten Derivaten ist ΔG≠ am größten bei 5- Stellung und am kleinsten bei 3- Stellung der Substituenten. Bei den tetrasubstituierten Derivaten ist das Umklappen des Ringes im Verhältnis zu den vergleichbaren Dimethylverbindungen erschwert, wenn die Ligandenpaare in 3,6- oder 3,7- Stellung stehen, jedoch erleichtert, wenn sie in 3,5- oder 4,6- Stellung angeordnet sind. Der bei 3,5- bzw. 4,6- Stellung der Ligandenpaare beobachtete Effekt wird auf die transanulare Abstoßung synaxialer Substituenten zurückgeführt, durch die der Cycloheptensessel abgeflacht wird. Eine solche Abstoßung fehlt bei 3,6-Stellung der Liganden. Bei den Verbindungen mit 3,7-ständigen Liganden führt die trans-anulare Abstoßung hingegen zu stärkerer Wellung (puckering) des Sessels; das Umklappen könnte dadurch erschwert sein.Für Benzocyclohepten wurden die für die gegenseitige Umwandlung von Sessel-, Wannen- und Twist-Konformeren (S, W und T) erforderlichen Werte der Aktivierungsenergie durch Modellrechnungen ermittelt. Günstigster Weg für das Umklappen des Sessels ist der Versionsweg S→W über die Übeergangskonformationen V56. Die hierfür berechnete Aktivierungsenergie (14,6 kcal/Mol) stimmt mit der experimentell ermittelten (13 ± 1,5 kcal/Mol) gut überein. Für die Aktivierungsenergie der Pseudorotation W → T wurde mit 11,1 kcal/Mol ein nur wenig neidrigerer Wert berechnet.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the basis of NMR spectra of trans- and cis-2-alkoxy-5,6-α-pyran-6-carboxylic esters it was found that, at room temperature, the trans-compounds exist exclusively in the conformation with equatorial carbalkoxy and pseudoaxial alkoxy groups. The cis-isomers appear to be in conformational equilibrium between a form with equatorial carbalkoxy and pseudoequatorial alkoxy groups and that with axial and pseudoaxial substituents. In the latter case, the axial carbalkoxy group is bent out off its normal position by about 15°.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 63-69 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An approximate procedure for the calculation of diamagnetic shielding in molecules is presented. The method proposed is based on the ‘complete neglect of differential overlap’ (CNDO) molecular wave functions and is formulated according to the zero differential overlap (ZDO) approximation. The results obtained with several CNDO-type wave functions for diatomic and polyatomic molecules are in very good agreement with non-empirical SCF calculations. The 14N diamagnetic shielding constants in several molecules were computed and some approximations usually adopted in the interpretation of 14N chemical shifts are critically discussed. It was shown that in some cases the observed 14N chemical shifts cannot be interpreted solely in terms of the paramagnetic contribution to the shielding constant.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 79-79 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 71-78 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Interpretation of the NMR spectra of the isomeric 2-cyano-2-alkyl-5-norbornenes allowed the assignment of their respective structures. In the case of the 2-cyano-2-methyl-5-norbornene the structure assignment was confirmed by chemical synthesis (alkaline hydrolysis and iodo-lactonisation).
    Notes: L'attribution de structure des deux isomères cyano-2 alcoyl-2 norbornène-5 est possible grǎce aux données de la RMN. Une interprétation des spectres de ces dérivés bicycliques set donnée. Dans le cas des cyano-2 méthyl-2 norbornènes-5 une confirmation de structure a pu ětre donnée par voie chimique (hydrolyse basique et iodolactonisation).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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