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  • kinetics
  • Springer  (33)
  • PANGAEA
  • 1975-1979  (33)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and efficacy of theophylline in the treatment of apnea in the premature newborn (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 13 (1978), S. 203-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Theophylline ; kinetics ; apnea ; premature newborns ; developmental pharmacology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) was administered to 27 premature newborns to prevent apneic spells. Of the 22 patients monitored for theophylline concentration, a therapeutic blood level was reached in 19 in 1–2 days, and 3 stayed below it. ‘Toxic’ blood levels (≥20 µg/ml) were reached in 3 cases, one of whom showed signs of toxicity. Theophylline treatment was not efficient in the prevention of apnea when a serious underlying disease was present. Theophylline blood half-life (mean : 27.0 h) and clearance (mean 12.9 ml/h/kg) confirmed the slow elimination pattern of the drug in the premature infant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609983
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of acetylsalicylic acid on the renal handling of a spironolactone metabolite in healthy subjects (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 10 (1976), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Spironolactone ; acetylsalicylic acid ; fludrocortisone ; kinetics ; pharmacology ; interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of 600 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the renal excretion and clearance of canrenone, the principal unconjugated metabolite of spironolactone, was examined in a double-blind crossover study in six healthy subjects. ASA significantly reduced the urinary excretion, and the fractional excretion, of canrenone between 4 — 6 hours after administration of 50 mg spironolactone. The pharmacological activity of spironolactone, assessed simultaneously by alterations in fludrocortisone-induced urinary electrolyte changes, was slightly but not significantly reduced. The reductions in urinary canrenone excretion correlated with changes in the urinary log 10 Na/K ratio. The results suggest that canrenone may be actively secreted at the proximal renal tubule, and that secretion is blocked by ASA or its conjugates. This is a possible mechanism for the pharmacological interaction between ASA and spironolactone which has been described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561548
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of propranolol in normal healthy volunteers (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 5 (1977), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: propranolol ; kinetics ; volunteers ; bioavailability ; threshold dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics of propranolol in blood was studied in healthy volunteers, following intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/kg and increasing oral doses of 10,20, and 40 mg, using a specific and sensitive gas Chromatographie method. The systemic availability of orally administered propranolol varied from 9% to 38% between subjects, but it was constant within each subject. A linear relationship was found between the area under the blood concentration-time curve and the oral dose. At variance with literature data, we could not observe a threshold dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065394
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical study of heterogeneous reaction kinetics: A comparison between microcalorimetric and thermogravimetric curves (1976)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 10 (1976), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: kinetics ; oxidation ; microcalorimetry ; thermogravimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In the kinetic theories of Bodenstein or Semenov the expression for the rate of a chemical reaction with several elementary stages can be expressed by different physical parameters. If two experimental methods are used, one method of necessity being microcalorimetry to measure the thermal flux produced by the reaction, it is possible to distinguish a pure kinetics case from a mixed one. The two-method technique has been verified by a study of the oxidation of niobium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614240
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence on the oxidation kinetics of metals by control of the structure of oxide scales (1976)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 10 (1976), S. 361-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: metals ; scale structure ; epitaxy ; kinetics ; diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An explanation of the deviation from the parabolic law is the treatment which considers both shortcircuit and lattice diffusion in the oxide scale. In this study we examine how the oxidation kinetics are influenced by changing the structure of the scale of copper oxide in order to confirm the role of short-circuit diffusion in determining the oxidation rate. In addition we explain the oxidation kinetics of copper and nickel by using a model of the scale structure which includes recrystallization and grain growth. Results are as follows: (1) The nucleation and growth behavior of oxide have a direct effect on the structure and in turn the oxidation kinetics due to short-circuit diffusion. (2) A modified treatment is valid in the region where volume diffusion and short-circuit diffusion play an important role in which it is necessary to consider the scale structure such as the grain size distribution and the boundary width. (3) When recrystallization takes place it is necessary to consider the model of a two-layered scale structure which is different in properties and morphology. (4) In this region the rate curves are S-shaped when oxide recrystallization takes place and exhibit a transition from a parabolic to an nth-power relationship (n〉2) when grain growth takes place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612048
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of tantalum in oxygen-nitrogen and oxygen-inert gas mixtures (1977)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 11 (1977), S. 225-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: tantalum ; oxidation ; high temperature ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of tantalum in oxygen-nitrogen and oxygen-inert gas mixtures at925°C has been studied. The oxygen pressure was close to 0.5 atm in all experiments, and partial pressures of the second component of from 0 to 180 Torr were employed. Spherical specimens were used to provide quantitatively significant kinetic data. A model has been proposed which suggests that the oxygen pressure at the reaction interface close to the metal surface is lower than the external pressure because of the finite permeability of the porous outer oxide layer, and that the inert gas effectively reduces the permeability. The model gives good quantitative agreement with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606059
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of cobalt at high temperature (1977)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 11 (1977), S. 365-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: cobalt oxidation ; kinetics ; parabolic rate constant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Precise values of parabolic rate constants of cobalt oxidation have been determined over a wide range of temperature (950–1300°C) and oxygen pressure (6.58× 10−4−0.658 atm). The dependence of the calculated values of parabolic rate constants k″p on oxygen pressure and temperature can be described by the following empirical equation: $$k''_p = const. \cdot {\text{p}}_{O_2 }^{{\text{1/n}}} \cdot exp ( - {\text{E}}_{\text{k}} /RT)$$ The exponent 1/n decreases with an increase in temperature from 1/3.40 at 950°C to 1/3.96 at 1300°C, whereas the activation energy Ek decreases with an increase in the oxygen pressure from 41.7 to 38.1 kcal/mole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00608018
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature oxidation kinetics of Cu-Si alloys containing up to 4.75 wt.% Si in $$p_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} } $$ =0.01 atm and pure CO2 (1978)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 12 (1978), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Cu-Si alloys ; oxidation ; kinetics ; silica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of Cu-Si alloys (containing up to 4.75 wt. % Si) in $${\text{p}}_{O_2 } $$ =0.01 atm from 800 to 1000°C has been investigated using thermogravimetry and other techniques. A 0.04% Si alloy followed a parabolic oxidation law with a rate similar to that of pure Cu. As the Si concentration increased the rate decreased and became irregular owing to SiO2 particles or flakes at the alloy-scale interface. It is considered that sintering of SiO2 particles and rupture of the sinter because of contraction during sintering are responsible for the irregular kinetics. A SiO2 layer forms directly on the 4.75% Si alloy which oxidizes uniformly. The SiO2 was always amorphous. In pure CO2 a similar pattern of amorphous SiO2 particles, flakes, and layers occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00603576
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature oxidation of Fe-24 wt.%Cr (1979)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 13 (1979), S. 437-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Fe-Cr ; oxidation ; kinetics ; oxide morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ferritic polycrystalline Fe-24 wt.% Cr was oxidized in pure oxygen at 190 ≤ T≤490° C and pressures in the range 5.3×10−2–13.3 Pa for periods of up to 5 hr. The reaction proceeded in three stages. An initial period of accelerating rate was accompanied by oxide island nucleation and growth. Following island coalescence the rate was approximately logarithmic at low temperatures and somewhat slower than parabolic at high temperatures. Rate control during this period was thought to be due to mass transport through the oxide grain boundaries left by the island impingement process. During these first two stages the oxide formed was γ-M2O3 with possibly some spinel. The final stage of reaction involved the appearance of α-M2O3 on the outer oxide surface and a substantial slowing of the oxidation rate due to the low diffusivity in this phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of high-temperature sulfur corrosion of Fe-Cr-Al alloys (1979)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 13 (1979), S. 481-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: kinetics ; sulfidation ; Fe-Cr-Al alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of aluminium on the kinetics and mechanism of high-temperature sulfidation of Fe-Cr alloys containing 20 at.% chromium has been investigated. It has been found that the addition of aluminum greatly improves the scaling resistance of Fe-Cr alloys against attack by sulfur vapors at high temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00812774
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