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  • 2015-2019  (15)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hepach, Helmke; Quack, Birgit; Tegtmeier, Susann; Engel, Anja; Bracher, Astrid; Fuhlbrügge, Steffen; Galgani, Luisa; Atlas, Elliot L; Lampel, Johannes; Frieß, Udo; Krüger, Kirstin (2016): Biogenic halocarbons from the Peruvian upwelling region as tropospheric halogen source. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16(18), 12219-12237, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12219-2016
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Description: Halocarbons, halogenated short-chained hydrocarbons, are produced naturally in the oceans by biological and chemical processes. They are emitted from surface seawater into the atmosphere, where they take part in numerous chemical processes such as ozone destruction and the oxidation of mercury and dimethyl sulfide. Here we present oceanic and atmospheric halocarbon data for the Peruvian upwelling obtained during the M91 cruise onboard the research vessel Meteor in December 2012. Surface waters during the cruise were characterized by moderate concentrations of bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2) correlating with diatom biomass derived from marker pigment concentrations, which suggests this phytoplankton group as likely source. Concentrations measured for the iodinated compounds methyl iodide (CH3I) of up to 35.4 pmol L-1, chloroiodomethane (CH2ClI) of up to 58.1 pmol L-1 and diiodomethane (CH2I2) of up to 32.4 pmol L-1 in water samples were much higher than previously reported for the tropical Atlantic upwelling systems. Iodocarbons also correlated with the diatom biomass and even more significantly with dissolved organic matter (DOM) components measured in the surface water. Our results suggest a biological source of these compounds as significant driving factor for the observed large iodocarbon concentrations. Elevated atmospheric mixing ratios of CH3I (up to 3.2 ppt), CH2ClI (up to 2.5 ppt) and CH2I2 (3.3 ppt) above the upwelling were correlated with seawater concentrations and high sea-to-air fluxes. The enhanced iodocarbon production in the Peruvian upwelling contributed significantly to tropospheric iodine levels.
    Keywords: SOPRAN; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Fiehn, Alina; Quack, Birgit; Hepach, Helmke; Fuhlbrügge, Steffen; Tegtmeier, Susann; Toohey, Matthew; Atlas, Elliot L; Krüger, Kirstin (2017): Delivery of halogenated very short-lived substances from the west Indian Ocean to the stratosphere during the Asian summer monsoon. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(11), 6723-6741, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6723-2017
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: During two cruises wiht RV Sonne, SO234-2 from 8 to 19 July 2014 (Durban, South Africa to Port Louis, Mauritius) and SO235 from 23 July to 7 August 2014 (Port Louis, Mauritius to Malé, Maldives), within the SPACES (Science Partnerships for the Assessment of Complex Earth System Processes) and OASIS (Organic very short-lived Substances and their air sea exchange from the Indian Ocean to the Stratosphere) research projects, surface water samples were sampled from a continuous running pump in the hydrographic shaft of RV Sonne at a depth of 5 m. Deep water samples were taken from a Niskin-bottle rosette sampler. The samples were then analyzed for halogenated compounds using a purge and trap system onboard, which was attached to a gas chromatograph with an electron capture detector for surface water samples and a GC/MS Agilent 5975 for the deep water samples. An analytical reproducibility of 10% was determined from measuring duplicate water samples, detection limit was 0.2 pmol /L. Calibration was performed with several dilutions of a mixed-compound standard prepared in methanol.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 97 datasets
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: This dataset contains ice core-based estimates of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections covering the years 500 BCE to 1900 CE. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al., (2007). Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543-549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Keywords: Bottle number; Bromoiodomethane; Chloroiodomethane; CTD/Rosette; CTD-033; CTD-035; CTD-036; CTD-038; CTD-039; CTD-041; CTD-043; CTD-046; CTD-048; CTD-049; CTD-051; CTD-052; CTD-055; CTD-058; CTD-059; CTD-060; CTD-061; CTD-064; CTD-065; CTD-074; CTD-075; CTD-080; CTD-083; CTD-087; CTD-088; CTD-089; CTD-090; CTD-092; CTD-093; CTD-094; CTD-095; CTD-096; CTD-097; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Dibromochloromethane; Dibromomethane; Diiodomethane; Event label; Iodomethane; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M91; M91_1736-1; M91_1737-1; M91_1737-3; M91_1739-1; M91_1739-3; M91_1741-1; M91_1743-1; M91_1746-1; M91_1748-1; M91_1749-1; M91_1751-1; M91_1751-3; M91_1752-8; M91_1754-1; M91_1755-2; M91_1755-4; M91_1756-1; M91_1759-1; M91_1760-1; M91_1766-1; M91_1766-3; M91_1769-1; M91_1771-1; M91_1774-1; M91_1774-3; M91_1775-1; M91_1775-3; M91_1776-3; M91_1777-1; M91_1777-12; M91_1777-4; M91_1777-7; M91_1778-1; Meteor (1986); Optional event label; Sample code/label; SOPRAN; South Pacific Ocean; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; Tetrachloromethane; Tribromomethane; Trichloroethane; Trichloromethane
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1919 data points
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gibbin, Emma M; Gavish, Assaf; Krueger, Thomas; Kramarsky-Winter, Esti; Shapiro, Orr; Guiet, Romain; Jensen, Louise; Vardi, Assaf; Meibom, Anders (2018): Vibrio coralliilyticus infection triggers a behavioural response and perturbs nutritional exchange and tissue integrity in a symbiotic coral. The ISME Journal, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0327-2
    Publication Date: 2023-12-23
    Description: We conducted two isotope experiments (described in Gibbin et al. 2018) to determine how the presence of pathogens influences resource partitioning in the coral holobiont. Specifically, we quantified: 1) 13C-assimilation in Symbiodinium and the amount of 13C-labelled photosynthates that are assimilated by the host; 2) the metabolic turnover of 13C in Symbiodinium and in their host and 3) the incorporation of bacterial-derived N within the tissues of the coral holobiont. NanoSIMS images (either 40×40 or 50×50 µm in size) were obtained by rasterizing a 16 keV Cs+ primary ion beam, focused to a spot-size of 150 nm, across the sample surface. Settings (dwell time = 5 ms; number of pixels = 256×256, layers = 5) were kept constant between images. Data was extracted from drift-corrected images using L'IMAGE (Dr. Larry Nittler, Carnegie Institution of Washington). Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn around individual symbiont cells and the host gastrodermis (excluding symbionts), using the contour lines on the 12C14N- image. These ROIs were then used to quantify the average enrichment of 13C and 15N in each partner. Our measured values are expressed as Atom Percent Excess (APE, in %).
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 47.6 kBytes
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Keywords: 19-Butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; 19-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Alloxanthin; alpha-Carotene, beta,epsilon-Carotene; Antheraxanthin; Astaxanthin; beta-Carotene, beta,beta-Carotene; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll c1+c2; Chlorophyll c3; CT; CTD/Rosette; CTD-002; CTD-003; CTD-010; CTD-013; CTD-017; CTD-019; CTD-021; CTD-024; CTD-026; CTD-028; CTD-030; CTD-034; CTD-035; CTD-036; CTD-039; CTD-041; CTD-043; CTD-044; CTD-045; CTD-046; CTD-047; CTD-048; CTD-049; CTD-050; CTD-052; CTD-055; CTD-058; CTD-060; CTD-061; CTD-064; CTD-065; CTD-067; CTD-068; CTD-071; CTD-073; CTD-075; CTD-080; CTD-082; CTD-083; CTD-088; CTD-090; CTD-094; CTD-095; CTD-096; CTD-097; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Diadinoxanthin; Diatoxanthin; Dinoxanthin; Divinyl chlorophyll a; Divinyl chlorophyll b; Event label; Fucoxanthin; Gear; High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Lutein; M91; M91_1713-1; M91_1713-3; M91_1719-1; M91_1721-3; M91_1724-3; M91_1725-3; M91_1727-1; M91_1729-1; M91_1731-1; M91_1733-1; M91_1733-13; M91_1736-3; M91_1737-1; M91_1737-3; M91_1739-3; M91_1741-1; M91_1743-1; M91_1744-1; M91_1745-1; M91_1746-1; M91_1747-1; M91_1748-1; M91_1749-1; M91_1750-1; M91_1751-3; M91_1752-8; M91_1754-1; M91_1755-4; M91_1756-1; M91_1759-1; M91_1760-1; M91_1762-2; M91_1763-1; M91_1764-8; M91_1765-1; M91_1766-3; M91_1769-1; M91_1770-4; M91_1771-1; M91_1774-3; M91_1775-3; M91_1777-12; M91_1777-4; M91_1777-7; M91_1778-1; M91-track; Meteor (1986); Mg-2,4-divinyl pheoporphyrin a5 monomethyl ester; Neoxanthin; Peridinin; Phaeophorbide a; Pheophytin a; Pheophytin b; Pyropheophorbide a; Pyropheophytin a; Sample code/label; South Pacific Ocean; Underway cruise track measurements; Violaxanthin; Zeaxanthin
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7378 data points
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  • 7
    Call number: ZSP-168-716
    In: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung, 716
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 211 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 1866-3192
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 716
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Characterization of soil organic matter of Arctic and Antarctic by 13- C NMR and electron spin resonance spectroscopy / Evgeny Abakumov Development of phosphorus forms in soil chronosequence of the Nordenskioldbreen glacier (Svalbard) / Adel Allaberdina, Václav Tejnecký Vertical snow structures from in-situ and remote sensing measurements / Stefanie Arndt, Nicolas Stoll, Stephan Paul, Christian Haas Phenology of Calanus glacialis – comparison between Arctic and Atlantic domains and its implications for reproductive success of little auks / Kaja Balazy, Emilia Trudnowska, Katarzyna Blachowiak-Samolyk Response of southern tundra ecosystem components on aerial pollution from gas pre-treatment centers in West Siberia / Pavel A. Barsukov Soil-ecological excursions to permafrost-affected areas in West Siberia for European scientists and students / Pavel A. Barsukov, S. Platonova, S. Gizhitskaya, E. Smolentseva, N. Lashchinskiy, A. Babenko, I. Lyubechanskiy, O. Saprykin, O.Rusalimova Christian Siewert Freezing and hungry? Hydrocarbon degrading microbial communities in Barents Sea sediments around Svalbard / Bartholomäus Sven, Nontje Straaten, Daniela Zoch, Martin Krüger Biological soil crust algae in the polar regions – biodiversity, genetic diversity and ecosystem resilience under global change scenarios / Burkhard Becker, Burkhard Büdel and Ulf Karsten UDASH - Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography / Axel Behrendt, Hiroshi Sumata, Benjamin Rabe, Torsten Kanzow and Ursula Schauer Compound-specific radiocarbon constraints on Antarctic sediment chronologies / Sonja Berg, Sandra Jivcov, Janet Rethemeyer Environmental conditions in terrestrial East Antarctica during the last glacial - new evidence from mumiyo deposits / Sonja Berg, Martin Melles, Wolf-Dieter Hermichen, Janet Rethemeyer, Gerhard Kuhn Collection-based diatom research: collection imaging to biogeography and microevolution in the Southern Ocean / Bánk Beszteri, Stefan Pinkernell, Michael Kloster, Ute Postel, Gerhard Kauer, Uwe John, Klaus Valentin, Gernot Glöckner In vivo observations of OWA induced pH changes in the brain of polar cod Boreogadus saida / Christian Bock, Felizitas C. Wermter, Bastian Maus, Hans-O. Pörtner, Wolfgang Dreher A journey into the Triassic polar forests of Antarctica / Benjamin Bomfleur Long-term time-series of Arctic BrO derived from UV-VIS satellite remote sensing / lias Bougoudis, Anne-Marlene Blechschmidt, Andreas Richter, Sora Seo, John P. Burrows The effect of climate change on the carbon balance in microalgae / Deborah Bozzato, Torsten Jakob, Christian Wilhelm Species composition and abundance of the shallow water fish community of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard / Markus Brand, Philipp Fischer Decadal changes in a breeding population of southern giant petrels on King George Island, Antarctic, in response to human activities / Christina Braun, Jan Esefeld, Hans-Ulrich Peter Geodetic GNSS measurements to investigate the recent crustal deformation at the Antarctic Peninsula and in the Amundsen Sea Embayment, West Antarctica / Peter Busch, Mirko Scheinert, Christoph Knöfel, Lutz Eberlein, Martin Horwath, Ludwig Schröder, Andreas Groh Parameterization of snow BRDF measurements in Antarctica / T. Carlsen, G. Birnbaum, A. Ehrlich, M. Schäfer, and M. Wendisch Airborne and in situ ground-based measurements of surface albedo, bidirectional reflectivity, and snow properties on the Antarctic plateau / T. Carlsen, M. Belke Brea, G. Birnbaum, A. Ehrlich, J. Freitag, G. Heygster, L. Istomina, S. Kipfstuhl, A. Orsi, M. Schäfer, and M. Wendisch Retreats of ice sheet and ice shelf driven by warm water incursions in the Ross Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum / Zhihua Chen, Mengshan Ju, Shulan Ge, Zheng Tang, Yuanhui Huang, Renjie Zhao, Ralf Tiedemann, Lester Lembke-Jene Influence of breeze circulation on local wind climatology in Svalbard fjords / Małgorzata Cisek, Przemysław Makuch, Tomasz Petelski, Jacek Piskozub Life strategies on photobiology and metabolite profile of genetic indentical photobionts of two different lichen species / Nadine Determeyer-Wiedmann, Sieglinde Ott Land-Ocean Interactions in the late glacial Bering Sea / B. Diekmann, R. Wang, H. Kühn, R. Gersonde, R. Tiedemann, G. Kuhn Does environmental change affect polar microbial communities? / Daniel R. Dietrich Rapid glacial isostatic uplift in Patagonia: Interplay of enhanced ice mass loss and slab window tectonics / R. Dietrich, A. Richter, E. Ivins, H. Lange, L. Mendoza, L. Schröder, J.L. Hormaechea, G. Casassa, E. Marderwald, M. Fritsche, R. Perdomo, M. Horwath Phylogenomics of the longitarsal Colossendeidae: the evolution of a diverse Antarctic sea spider radiation / Lars Dietz, Jana S. Dömel, Christoph Mayer, Florian Leese Revealing the evolutionary history of Southern Ocean sea spiders using genome-wide SNP data / Jana S. Dömel, Till-Hendrik Macher, Lars Dietz, Christoph Mayer, Roland R. Melzer and Florian Leese Geothermal heat flux derived from airborne magnetic grids and measured temperature gradients in the Amundsen Sea sector of West Antarctica / Ricarda Dziadek, Karsten Gohl, Fausto Ferraccioli, Norbert Kaul, Cornelia Spiegel Sea spray aerosol fluxes in the area of the Spitsbergen Shelf and the Greenland Sea / K. Dziembor, T. Petelski, P. Markuszewski, T. Zieliński, P. Makuch, I. Wróbel More than two decades of geodetic GNSS measurements in Antarctica, Greenland and Patagonia – a technology review / Lutz Eberlein, Mirko Scheinert, Peter Busch, Christoph Knöfel, Andreas Richter Analysing the flow velocity of major outlet glaciers in North Greenland using Landsat data / Benjamin Ebermann, Ralf Rosenau, Mirko Scheinert, Martin Horwath Partitioning growing season net ecosystem exchange of CO2 into photosynthesis, autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in the Siberian tundra / Tim Eckhardt, Christian Knoblauch, Lars Kutzbach, Gillian Simpson, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer Meteorological collaboration in the Arctic / Johanna Ekman Meteorological aspects of S.A. Andrée’s attempt to reach the North Pole by balloon in 1897 / Dieter Etling Geodetic mass balance on South Georgia glaciers / David Farias-Barahona, Christian Sommer, Thorsten Seehaus, Philipp Malz, Gino Casassa, Matthias H. Braun Frozen-Ground Cartoons: An international collaboration between artists and permafrost scientists / Michael Fritz, Frédéric Bouchard, Bethany Deshpande, Julie Malenfant-Lepage, Alexandre Nieuwendam, Michel Paquette, Ashley Rudy, Matthias Siewert, Audrey Veillette, Stefanie Weege, Jon Harbor, Otto Habeck, Ylva Sjöberg The Akademii Nauk ice core and solar activity / Diedrich Fritzsche, Luisa von Albedyll, Silke Merchel, Thomas Opel, Georg Rugel, Andreas Scharf Walther Bruns, Gründer der „Aeroarctic“ – ein vergessener Pionier der Deutschen Polarforschung / Diedrich Fritzsche Warming and reduction of precipitations affect the microbiome of recently deglaciated soils in the Swiss Alps / Aline Frossard, Johanna Donhauser, Pascal Niklaus, Thomas Rime, Beat Frey The ice-free topography of Svalbard / Johannes J. Fürst, Francisco Navarro, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Geir Moholdt, Xavier Fettweis, Charlotte Lang, Thorsten Seehaus, Matthias H. Braun, Douglas I. Benn, Toby J. Benham, Julian A. Dowdeswell, Mariusz Grabiec, Jack Kohler, Katrin Lindbäck, Rickard Pettersson, Heidi Sevestre Scientific Drilling in Antarctica? Coming to a new drilling proposal / Christoph Gaedicke, Gerhard Kuhn, Olaf Eisen, Andreas Läufer, Emma Smith, Nikola Koglin, Boris Biskaborn, Dieter Franke, Ralf Tiedemann German permanent research facilities in Antarctica - a 40 years record / Hartwig Gernandt Pre-glacial and glacial shelf evolution from seismic and seabed drill records of the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica / Karsten Gohl, Gabriele Uenzelmann-Neben, Robert Larter, Johann Klages, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Torsten Bickert, Steve Bohaty, Ulrich Salzmann, Thomas Frederichs, Catalina Gebhardt, Katharina Hochmuth and Expedition PS104 Science Party The Turnove
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Petry, Maria Virginia; Valls, Fernanda C L; Petersen, Elisa; Finger, Julia V G; Krüger, Lucas (2018): Population trends of seabirds at Stinker Point, Elephant Island, Maritime Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 30(4), 220-226, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102018000135
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: This dataset contains in a zipfile the shapefiles for the seabird breeding colonies at Stinker Point (Elephant Island, Maritime Antarctic Peninsula), the elevation of Stinker Point and the Elephant Island contour. All shapefiles are projected in WGS 1984 World Mercator projected coordinate system.
    Keywords: BIO; Biology; Elephant_Is; Elephant Island
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 278.7 kBytes
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: The eVolv2k database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulphur injection (VSSI) events from 500 BCE to 1900 CE. The VSSI estimates incorporate recent improvements to the ice core records in terms of synchronization and dating, refinements to the methods used to estimate VSSI from ice core records, and includes first estimates of the random uncertainties in VSSI values. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015, Zielinski et al., 1995) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al. (2007). More details to be published in a forthcoming article (Toohey and Sigl, in prep). Compared to version 1, this version (1) contains estimates of the random error in the VSSI estimates, (2) includes a clarification regarding the format of years in the BCE period by including both years BCE/CE and according to the ISO 8601 standard (which includes a year 0), and (3) includes some minor modifications to the VSSI values. In addition, a reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) using the VSSI estimates and the EVA v1 volcanic forcing generator (Toohey et al., 2016) is provided. Complete optical properties (extinction, single scattering albedo, scattering asymmetry factor) as a function of height, latitude and time can be produced using the eVolv2k VSSI database and the EVA forcing generator. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543¿549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Toohey, M. and Sigl, M.: Volcanic stratospheric sulphur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE, in preparation. Toohey, M., Stevens, B., Schmidt, H. and Timmreck, C.: Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations, Geosci. Model Dev., 9(11), 4049–4070, doi:10.5194/GMD-9-4049-2016, 2016. Zielinski, G. A.: Stratospheric loading and optical depth estimates of explosive volcanism over the last 2100 years derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D10), 20937–20955, doi:10.1029/95JD01751, 1995.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: The eVolv2k database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection (VSSI) events from 500 BCE to 1900 CE. The VSSI estimates incorporate recent improvements to the ice core records in terms of synchronization and dating, refinements to the methods used to estimate VSSI from ice core records, and includes estimates of the random uncertainties in VSSI values. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015, Zielinski et al., 1995) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al. (2007). More details are described by Toohey and Sigl (2017). Compared to version 2, this update includes reassignment of eruption region for minor events in 1654, 1414, 1381, 688, 379 and -430. Also, minimum flux threshold adjusted downwards so as to include small Greenland flux for events in 1463, -190 and -430. Finally, events with 0 VSSI removed. In addition, a reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) using the VSSI estimates and the EVA v1.2 volcanic forcing generator (Toohey et al., 2016) is provided. Complete optical properties (extinction, single scattering albedo, scattering asymmetry factor) as a function of height, latitude and time can be produced using the eVolv2k VSSI database and the EVA forcing generator. EVA version 1.2 includes a fix of a minor bug which affected the spatiotemporal distribution of AOD, most notably for extratropical eruptions. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543¿549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Toohey, M. and Sigl, M.: Volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9(2), 809–831, doi:10.5194/essd-9-809-2017, 2017. Toohey, M., Stevens, B., Schmidt, H. and Timmreck, C.: Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations, Geosci. Model Dev., 9(11), 4049–4070, doi:10.5194/GMD-9-4049-2016, 2016.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 11
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Krueger, Thomas; Horwitz, Noa; Bodin, Julia; Giovani, Maria-Evangelia; Escrig, Stéphane; Meibom, Anders; Fine, Maoz (2017): Common reef-building coral in the Northern Red Sea resistant to elevated temperature and acidification. Royal Society Open Science, 4(5), 170038, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170038
    Publication Date: 2024-03-20
    Description: Coral reefs are currently experiencing substantial ecological impoverishment as a result of anthropogenic stressors, and the majority of reefs are facing immediate risk. Increasing ocean surface temperatures induce frequent coral mass bleaching events-the breakdown of the nutritional photo-symbiosis with intracellular algae (genus: Symbiodinium). Here, we report that Stylophora pistillata from a highly diverse reef in the Gulf of Aqaba showed no signs of bleaching despite spending 1.5 months at 1-2°C above their long-term summer maximum (amounting to 11 degree heating weeks) and a seawater pH of 7.8. Instead, their symbiotic dinoflagellates exhibited improved photochemistry, higher pigmentation and a doubling in net oxygen production, leading to a 51% increase in primary productivity. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging revealed subtle cellular-level shifts in carbon and nitrogen metabolism under elevated temperatures, but overall host and symbiont biomass proxies were not significantly affected. Now living well below their thermal threshold in the Gulf of Aqaba, these corals have been evolutionarily selected for heat tolerance during their migration through the warm Southern Red Sea after the last ice age. This may allow them to withstand future warming for a longer period of time, provided that successful environmental conservation measures are enacted across national boundaries in the region.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbohydrates; Carbohydrates, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Catalase activity, unit per protein mass; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chlorophyll c2/chlorophyll a ratio; Chlorophyll c2 per cell; Chlorophyll total, areal concentration; Chlorophyll total, per cell; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross photosynthesis/respiration ratio; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Growth/Morphology; Initial slope of rapid light curve; Laboratory experiment; Light saturation point; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen, per chlorophyll a; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Protein per cell; Protein per surface area; Red Sea; Registration number of species; Replicate; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Salinity; Single species; Species; Stylophora pistillata; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per protein mass; Surface area; Symbiont cell density; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1800 data points
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  • 12
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ehrmann, Werner; Schmiedl, Gerhard; Seidel, Martin; Krüger, Stefan; Schulz, Hartmut (2016): A distal 140 ka sediment record of Nile discharge and East African monsoon variability. Climate of the Past, 12(3), 713-727, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-713-2016
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: Clay mineral assemblages in a sediment core from the distal Nile discharge plume off Israel have been used to reconstruct the late Quaternary Nile sediment discharge into the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS). The record spans the last ca. 140 ka. Smectite abundances indicate the influence of the Blue Nile and Atbara that have their headwaters in the volcanic rocks of the Ethiopian highlands. Kaolinite abundances indicate the influence of wadis, which contribute periodically to the suspension load of the Nile. Due to the geographical position, the climate and the sedimentary framework of the EMS is controlled by two climate systems. The long-term climate regime was governed by the African monsoon that caused major humid periods with enhanced sediment discharge at 132 to 〈126 ka (AHP5), 116 to 99 ka (AHP4), and 89 to 77 ka (AHP3). They lasted much longer than the formation of the related sapropel layers S5 (〉2 ka), S4 (3.5 ka) and S3 (5 ka). During the last glacial period (MIS 4-2) the long-term changes of the monsoonal system were superimposed by millennial-scale changes of an intensified mid-latitude glacial system. This climate regime caused short but pronounced drought periods in the Nile catchment, which are linked to Heinrich Events and alternate with more humid interstadials. The clay mineral record further implies that feedback mechanisms between vegetation cover and sediment discharge of the Nile are detectable but of minor importance for the sedimentary record in the southeastern Mediterranean Sea during the investigated African Humid Periods.
    Keywords: AGE; Carbon, organic, total; Chlorite; Clay/Silt ratio; Color, L*, lightness; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GeoTu_SL110; Globigerinoides ruber pink, δ18O; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Illite; Kaolinite; Kaolinite/(Illite+Chlorite) ratio; M51/3; M51/3_SL110; Meteor (1986); Palygorskite; Sand; Silt/clay ratio; SL; Smectite; Smectite/(Illite+Chlorite) ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7312 data points
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  • 13
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Black, Benjamin A; Neely, Ryan R; Lamarque, Jean-François; Elkins-Tanton, Linda; Kiehl, Jeffrey T; Shields, Christine A; Mills, Michael; Bardeen, Charles (2018): Systemic swings in end-Permian climate from Siberian Traps carbon and sulfur outgassing. Nature Geoscience, 11(12), 949-954, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0261-y
    Publication Date: 2023-09-09
    Description: Siberian Traps flood basalt magmatism coincided with the end-Permian mass extinction approximately 252 million years ago. Proposed links between magmatism and ecological catastrophe include global warming, global cooling, ozone depletion, and changes in ocean chemistry. However, the critical combinations of environmental changes responsible for global mass extinction are undetermined. In particular, the combined and competing climate effects of sulfur and carbon outgassing remain to be quantified. Here we present model outputs from global climate model simulations of flood basalt outgassing that account for sulfur chemistry and aerosol microphysics with coupled atmosphere and ocean circulation. We consider the effects of sulfur and carbon in isolation and in tandem. We find that coupling with the ocean strongly influences the climate response to flood basalt-scale outgassing. We suggest that sulfur and carbon emissions from the Siberian Traps combined to generate systemic swings in temperature, ocean circulation, and hydrology within a longer-term trend towards a greenhouse world in the early Triassic. Read README.PDF first for a description of the remaining files.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 838.3 MBytes
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Keywords: Bromoiodomethane; Chloroiodomethane; CT; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Dibromochloromethane; Dibromomethane; Diiodomethane; Iodomethane; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M91; M91-track; Meteor (1986); SOPRAN; South Pacific Ocean; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; Tetrachloromethane; Tribromomethane; Trichloroethane; Trichloromethane; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 658 data points
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  • 15
    Call number: 9783319686066 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: This edited book investigates the interrelations of disaster impacts, resilience and security in an urban context. Urban as a term captures megacities, cities, and generally, human settlements, that are characterised by concentration of quantifiable and non-quantifiable subjects, objects and value attributions to them. The scope is to narrow down resilience from an all-encompassing concept to applied ways of scientifically attempting to ‚measure’ this type of disaster related resilience. 28 chapters in this book reflect opportunities and doubts of the disaster risk science community regarding this ‚measurability’. Therefore, examples utilising both quantitative and qualitative approaches are juxtaposed. This book concentrates on features that are distinct characteristics of resilience, how they can be measured and in what sense they are different to vulnerability and risk parameters. Case studies in 11 countries either use a hypothetical pre-event estimation of resilience or are addressing a ‘revealed resilience’ evident and documented after an event. Such information can be helpful to identify benchmarks or margins of impact magnitudes and related recovery times, volumes and qualities of affected populations and infrastructure.
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 518 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 9783319686066 , 978-3-319-68606-6
    ISSN: 2365-757X , 2365-7588
    Series Statement: The urban book series
    Language: English
    Note: Contents 1 Introduction to ‘Urban Disaster Resilience and Security—Addressing Risks in Societies’ / Alexander Fekete and Frank Fiedrich Part I Planning Urban Resilience 2 Nepal and the “Urban Resilience Utopia” / Johannes Anhorn 3 Exploring the Role of Planning in Urban Resilience Enhancement—An Irish Perspective / Aoife Doyle, William Hynes, Stephen M. Purcell and Maria Rochford 4 Toward Climate Resilience in the USA: From Federal to Local Level Initiatives and Practices Since the 2000s / Ebru A. Gencer and Wesley Rhodes 5 Enhancing Resilience Towards Summer Storms from a Spatial Planning Perspective—Lessons Learned from Summer Storm Ela / Hanna Christine Schmitt and Stefan Greiving 6 Measuring Urban Resilience to Natural Disasters for Iranian Cities: Challenges and Key Concepts / Solmaz Hosseinioon 7 Resilience History and Focus in the USA / Ronald Fisher, Michael Norman and James Peerenboom Part II Organizing Professionals and the People 8 Integrating Volunteers in Emergency Response: A Strategy for Increased Resilience Within German Civil Security Research / Jens Hälterlein, Linda Madsen, Agnetha Schuchardt, Roman Peperhove and Lars Gerhold 9 Contributions of Flood Insurance to Enhance Resilience–Findings from Germany / Annegret H. Thieken 10 Collaborative Emergency Supply Chains for Essential Goods and Services / Marcus Wiens, Frank Schätter, Christopher W. Zobel and Frank Schultmann Part III Urban Resilience Assessment: Methods and Challenges 11 Competence as Enabler of Urban Critical Infrastructure Resilience Assessment / Florian Brauner, Marie Claßen and Frank Fiedrich 12 Resilient Disaster Recovery: The Role of Health Impact Assessment / James K. Mitchell 13 DS3 Model Testing: Assessing Critical Infrastructure Network Flood Resilience at the Neighbourhood Scale / Damien Serre 14 Enhancing Flood Resilience Through Collaborative Modelling and Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) / Mariele Evers, Adrian Almoradie and Mariana Madruga de Brito Part IV Urban Critical Infrastructure and Security 15 An Approach for Quantifying the Multidimensional Nature of Disaster Resilience in the Context of Municipal Service Provision / Christopher W. Zobel, Milad Baghersad and Yang Zhang 16 A Future-Oriented Agent-Based Simulation to Improve Urban Critical Infrastructure Resilience / Thomas Münzberg, Tim Müller and Wolfgang Raskob 17 An Indicator-Based Approach to Assessing Resilience of Smart Critical Infrastructures / A. Jovanović, K. Øien and A. Choudhary 18 Certified Video Surveillance Systems for More Resilient Urban Societies / Simone Wurster, Irene Kamara, Thordis Sveinsdottir and Erik Krempel 19 Situational Resilience––A Network-Perspective on Resilience to Crime / Herbert Schubert and Tim Lukas Part V Resilience Trends, Paradigms and Reflections 20 Urban Riskscapes—Social and Spatial Dimensions of Risk in Urban Infrastructure Settings / Florian Neisser and Detlef Müller-Mahn 21 Researching Milieu-Specific Perceptions of Risk, (in)Security, and Vulnerability—A Conceptual Approach for Understanding the Inequality and Segregation Nexus in Urban Spaces / Kristina Seidelsohn, Martin Voss and Daniela Krüger 22 Resilience and Thriving in Spite of Disasters: A Stages of Change Approach / Norbert Mundorf, Colleen A. Redding, James O. Prochaska, Andrea L. Paiva and Pamela Rubinoff 23 Foresight in Sight: How to Improve Urban Resilience with Collaboration Among Public Authorities? / Riitta Molarius, Nina Wessberg, Jaana Keränen and Mervi Murtonen 24 How to Demarcate Resilience? A Reflection on Reviews in Disaster Resilience Research / Maike Vollmer and Gerald Walther 25 Challenges in Establishing Cross-Border Resilience / Anouck Adrot, Frank Fiedrich, Andreas Lotter, Thomas Münzberg, Eric Rigaud, Marcus Wiens, Wolfgang Raskob and Frank Schultmann Part VI Perspectives from the Science-Policy Nexus 26 Resilience—A Useful Approach for Climate Adaptation? / Thomas Abeling, Achim Daschkeit, Petra Mahrenholz and Inke Schauser 27 Urban Resilience and Crisis Management: Perspectives from France and Germany / Juergen Weichselgartner, Bernard Guézo, Irmtraud Beerlage, Christian Després, Alexander Fekete, Gabriele Hufschmidt, Orsola Lussignoli, Stefanie Mey-Richters, Jens Naumann and Ina Wienand 28 Considerations About Urban Disaster Resilience and Security—Two Concepts in Tandem? / Alexander Fekete and Janos J. Bogardi 29 Synthesis / Alexander Fekete and Frank Fiedrich
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