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  • Wiley  (111.010)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 2020-2024  (1.105)
  • 2005-2009  (109.909)
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  • 1
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    North Pacific halocline and cold climate induced by Panamanian Gateway closure in a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM (2005)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 32(L10618), ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-07
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Production of giant marine diatoms and their export at oceanic frontal zones: Implications for Si and C flux from stratified oceans (2006)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Wiley, 20(4), ISSN: 0886-6236
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-18
    Beschreibung: From a synthesis of recent oceanic observations and paleo-data it is evident that certain species of giant diatoms including Rhizosolenia spp. Thalassiothrix spp. and Ethmodiscus rex may become concentrated at oceanic frontal zones and subsequently form episodes of mass flux to the sediment. Within the nutrient bearing waters advecting towards frontal boundaries, these species are generally not dominant, but they appear selectively segregated at fronts, and thus may dominate the export flux. Ancient Thalassiothrix diatom mat deposits in the eastern equatorial Pacific and beneath the Polar Front in the Southern Ocean record the highest open ocean sedimentation rates ever documented and represent vast sinks of silica and carbon. Several of the species involved are adapted to a stratified water column and may thrive in Deep Chlorophyll Maxima. Thus in oceanic regions and/or at times prone to enhanced surface water stratification (e.g., during meltwater pulses) they provide a mechanism for generating substantial biomass at depth and its subsequent export with concomitant implications for Si export and C drawdown. This ecology has important implications for ocean biogeochemical models suggesting that more than one diatom “functional type” should be used. In spite of the importance of these giant diatoms for biogeochemical cycling, their large size coupled with the constraints of conventional oceanographic survey schemes and techniques means that they are undersampled. An improved insight into these key species will be an important prerequisite for enhancing our understanding of marine biogeochemical cycling and for assessing the impacts of climate change on ocean export production.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , peerRev
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  • 3
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    Visual stratigraphy of the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NorthGRIP) ice core during the last glacial period (2005)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Jourmal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Wiley, 110(D2), pp. D02108, ISSN: 2169-8996
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Beschreibung: A continuous high-resolution record of digital images has been obtained from the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NorthGRIP) ice core (75.1N, 42.3W) in the depth interval from 1330 m to the bedrock at 3085 m. The ice core stratigraphy is clearly visible throughout the glacial period with the most frequent and brightest visible layers appearing during the coldest events. Down to a depth of 2600 m the horizontal layeringis very regular; below this depth, small irregularities in the layering start to appear, and below 2800 m the visual stratigraphy becomes more uncertain, perhaps because of penetration into climatically warmer ice. Comparison of the visual stratigraphy with high-resolution continuous records of chemical impurities and dust reveals a high degree of correlation, which indicates that the visible layers are caused by these impurities. Anew approach is used to automatically determine annual layer thicknesses from the visual stratigraphy record by carrying out a frequency analysis of the most prominent visible layers in the profile. The result gives strong support for the NorthGRIP timescale model.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Assessing East African trade in seahorse species as a basis for conservation under international controls (2005)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: 1. Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.), many of which are listed as Vulnerable or Endangered on the IUCN Red List, are traded worldwide as souvenirs, aquarium fish and, primarily, for use in traditional medicines. Given concern over the sustainability of this trade, the genus was added to Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in May 2004. 2. This paper reports findings of the first ever survey of seahorse trade in Africa, conducted in Kenya and Tanzania in May and June 2000. 3. Seahorse trade in Kenya was found to be negligible, with approximately 10 live seahorses exported as aquarium fish annually. Until 1998, however, Kenya may have imported somewhere from 1 to 2.3 t of dried seahorses annually from Tanzania for re-export to Asian medicine markets. Seahorse trade in Tanzania remained substantial, with at least 630–930 kg of dried seahorse exported directly to Asia each year. 4. Accounts of declines in seahorse availability and seahorse size, although few in number, could be early warning signs that wild populations are suffering, at least locally. Close monitoring of future developments in the trade will be essential to allow for timely conservation action as and when necessary, and would contribute to our understanding of the ecological and economical implications of small-scale, non-food fisheries. Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Hippocampus spp ; By catch ; Non-food fisheries ; Seahorse trade ; Endangered species ; Aquatic animals
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
    Format: 438174 bytes
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  • 5
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    Antarctic ecosystem responses following ice‐shelf collapse and iceberg calving: Science review and future research (2021)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3WIREs Climate Change, Wiley, 12(1), ISSN: 1757-7780
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: The calving of A-68, the 5,800-km2, 1-trillion-ton iceberg shed from the Larsen C Ice Shelf in July 2017, is one of over 10 significant ice-shelf loss events in the past few decades resulting from rapid warming around the Antarctic Peninsula. The rapid thinning, retreat, and collapse of ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula are harbingers of warming effects around the entire continent. Ice shelves cover more than 1.5 million km2 and fringe 75% of Antarctica's coastline, delineating the primary connections between the Antarctic continent, the continental ice, and the Southern Ocean. Changes in Antarctic ice shelves bring dramatic and large-scale modifications to Southern Ocean ecosystems and continental ice movements, with global-scale implications. The thinning and rate of future ice-shelf demise is notoriously unpredictable, but models suggest increased shelf-melt and calving will become more common. To date, little is known about sub-ice-shelf ecosystems, and our understanding of ecosystem change following collapse and calving is predominantly based on responsive science once collapses have occurred. In this review, we outline what is known about (a) ice-shelf melt, volume loss, retreat, and calving, (b) ice-shelf-associated ecosystems through sub-ice, sediment-core, and pre-collapse and post-collapse studies, and (c) ecological responses in pelagic, sympagic, and benthic ecosystems. We then discuss major knowledge gaps and how science might address these gaps. This article is categorized under: Climate, Ecology, and Conservation 〉 Modeling Species and Community Interactions.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Improving the ocean and atmosphere in a coupled ocean–atmosphere model by assimilating satellite sea‐surface temperature and subsurface profile data (2020)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Wiley, 146(733), pp. 4014-4029, ISSN: 0035-9009
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: An ensemble-based data assimilation framework for a coupled ocean–atmosphere model is applied to investigate the influence of assimilating different types of ocean observations on the ocean and atmosphere simulation. The data assimilation is performed with the parallel data assimilation framework (PDAF) for the climate model AWI-CM. Observations of the ocean, namely satellite sea-surface temperature (SST) and temperature and salinity profiles, are assimilated into the ocean component. The atmospheric state is only influenced by the model dynamics. Different assimilation scenarios were carried out with different combinations of observations to investigate to what extent the assimilation into the coupled model leads to a better estimation of the state of the ocean as well as the atmosphere. The influence of the data assimilation is assessed by comparing the ocean prediction with dependent and independent ocean observations. For the atmosphere, the assimilation result is compared with the ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis data. The ocean temperature and salinity are improved by all the assimilation scenarios in the coupled system. The assimilation leads to a response of the atmosphere throughout the troposphere and impacts the global atmospheric circulation. Globally the temperature and wind speed are improved in the atmosphere on average.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Annual transcriptome of a key zooplankton species, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus (2022)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, 12(e8605)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: The copepod Calanus finmarchicus (Crustacea, Copepoda) is a key zooplanktonic spe-cies with a crucial position in the North Atlantic food web and significant contributor to ocean carbon flux. Like many other high latitude animals, it has evolved a programmed arrested development called diapause to cope with long periods of limited food sup-ply, while growth and reproduction are timed to take advantage of seasonal peaks in primary production. However, anthropogenic warming is inducing changes in the expected timing of phytoplankton blooms, suggesting phenological mismatches with negative consequences for the N. Atlantic ecosystem. While diapause mechanisms are mainly studied in terrestrial arthropods, specifically on laboratory model species, such as the fruit fly Drosophila, the molecular investigations of annual rhythms in wild marine species remain fragmentary. Here we performed a rigorous year-l ong monthly sampling campaign of C. finmarchicus in a Scottish Loch (UK; 56.45°N, 5.18°W) to generate an annual transcriptome. The mRNA of 36 samples (monthly triplicate of 25 individuals) have been deeply sequenced with an average depth of 137 ± 4 million reads (mean ± SE) per sample, aligned to the reference transcriptome, and filtered. We detail the quality assessment of the datasets and provide a high- quality resource for the investigation of wild annual transcriptomic rhythms (35,357 components) in a key diapausing zooplanktonic species.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Transformation of dissolved organic matter by two 〈scp〉Indo‐Pacific〈/scp〉 sponges (2022)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Limnology and Oceanography, Wiley, ISSN: 0024-3590
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest organic carbon reservoir in the ocean and an integral component of biogeochemical cycles. The role of free-living microbes in DOM transformation has been studied thoroughly, whereas little attention has been directed towards the influence of benthic organisms. Sponges are efficient filter feeders and common inhabitants of many benthic communities circumglobally. Here, we investigated how two tropical coral reef sponges shape marine DOM. We compared bacterial abundance, inorganic and organic nutrients in off reef, sponge inhalant, and sponge exhalant water of Melophlus sarasinorum and Rhabdastrella globostellata. DOM and bacterial cells were taken up, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen was released by the two Indo-Pacific sponges. Both sponge species utilized a common set of 142 of a total of 3040 compounds detected in DOM on a molecular formula level via ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. In addition, species-specific uptake was observed, likely due to differences in their associated microbial communities. Overall, the sponges removed presumably semi-labile and semi-refractory compounds from the water column, thereby competing with pelagic bacteria. Within minutes, sponge holobionts altered the molecular composition of surface water DOM (inhalant) into a composition similar to deep-sea DOM (exhalent). The apparent radiocarbon age of DOM increased consistently from off reef and inhalant to exhalant by about 900 14C years for M. sarasinorum. In the pelagic, similar transformations require decades to centuries. Our results stress the dependence of DOM lability definition on the respective environment and illustrate that sponges are hotspots of DOM transformation in the ocean.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Biomarker Distributions in (Sub)‐Arctic Surface Sediments and Their Potential for Sea Ice Reconstructions (2020)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, Wiley, 21(10), pp. e2019GC008629, ISSN: 1525-2027
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: To evaluate the present sea-ice changes in a longer-term perspective the knowledge of sea-ice variability on pre-industrial and geological time scales is essential. For the interpretation of proxy reconstructions it is necessary to understand the recent signals of different sea-ice proxies from various regions. We present 260 new sediment surface samples collected in the (sub-) Arctic Oceans that were analysed for specific sea-ice (IP25) and open-water phytoplankton biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol, HBI III). This new biomarker dataset was combined with 615 previously published biomarker surface samples into a pan-Arctic database. The resulting pan-Arctic biomarker and sea-ice index (PIP25) database shows a spatial distribution correlating well with the diverse modern sea-ice concentrations. We find correlations of PBIP25, PDIP25 and PIIIIP25 with spring and autumn concentrations. Similar correlations with modern sea-ice concentrations are observed in Baffin Bay. However, the correlations of the PIP25 indices with modern sea-ice concentrations differ in Fram Strait from those of the (sub-) Arctic dataset, which is likely caused by region-specific differences in sea-ice variability, nutrient availability and other environmental conditions. The extended (sea-ice) biomarker database strengthens the validity of biomarker sea-ice reconstructions in different Arctic regions and shows how different sea-ice proxies combined may resolve specific seasonal sea-ice signals.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    A common temperature dependence of nutritional demands in ectotherms (2022)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Ecology Letters, Wiley, ISSN: 1461-023X
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-06-21
    Beschreibung: In light of ongoing climate change, it is increasingly important to know how nutritional requirements of ectotherms are affected by changing temperatures. Here, we analyse the wide thermal response of phosphorus (P) requirements via elemental gross growth efficiencies of Carbon (C) and P, and the Threshold Elemental Ratios in different aquatic invertebrate ectotherms: the freshwater model species Daphnia magna, the marine copepod Acartia tonsa, the marine heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and larvae of two populations of the marine crab Carcinus maenas. We show that they all share a non-linear cubic thermal response of nutrient requirements. Phosphorus requirements decrease from low to intermediate temperatures, increase at higher temperatures and decrease again when temperature is excessive. This common thermal response of nutrient requirements is of great importance if we aim to understand or even predict how ectotherm communities will react to global warming and nutrient-driven eutrophication.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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