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  • Articles  (500)
  • Humans  (500)
  • 1975-1979  (500)
Collection
  • Articles  (500)
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Keywords
Publisher
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Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
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    Treatment reduces deaths from hypertension (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1386-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology/prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Perception of size of one object among many (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: Adaptation to a grating of properly chosen frequency may lead to two apparently conflicting observations: Another grating may then appear to be of increased frequency (compared with its "unadapted" frequency) while the individual bars of the grating appear to have widened. This perceived widening parallels previous results with single bars. By attending to only one grating bar, the subject effectively seems to change the grating frequency spectrum to that of a single bar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levinson, J Z -- Frome, F S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1425-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Humans ; Size Perception/*physiology ; Visual Fields ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Cancer and industrial chemical production (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, D L -- Magee, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1356, 1358.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; *Industry ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Legionnaires' disease: concentrations of selenium and other elements (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: Selenium concentrations in the serums of 17 acutely ill Legionnaires' disease patients were significantly lower than in their matching convalescent-phase serums. This trend was not observed in ten similarly paired samples of serum from control patients with pneumonia. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of nickel, copper, bromine, rubidium, lead, barium, or titanium in the serums of Legionnaires' disease and control patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, J R -- Anderson, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1426-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Legionnaires' Disease/*blood ; Metals/blood ; Nickel/blood ; Selenium/*blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Fetal mortality and sex ratio (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lowry, J T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1428.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetal Death/*epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Metabolism of theophylline to caffeine in human fetal liver (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a biotransformation product of theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) in the human fetus. Liver explants, obtained from human fetuses with gestational ages of 12 to 20 weeks, were incubated with theophylline and produced caffeine and, in lesser amounts, 1,3-dimethyluric acid and 3-methylxanthine. These findings suggest that the predominant pathway in theophylline metabolism in the fetus and newborn infant is the methylation reaction producing caffeine. This may contribute to the neonate's exceedingly slower elimination of caffeine relative to theophylline. Caffeine produced from theophylline may add to the pharmacologic effects of theophylline in newborn infants with apnea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aranda, J V -- Louridas, A T -- Vitullo, B B -- Thom, P -- Aldridge, A -- Haber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apnea/drug therapy ; Biotransformation ; Caffeine/*biosynthesis/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Cells, Cultured ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver/*embryology/metabolism ; Methylation ; Theophylline/*metabolism/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Food additives (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benarde, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1256-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; Food Additives/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Public Opinion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Shifts in perception of size after adaptation to gratings (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: After viewing a suitable grating of vertical stripes for 5 minutes, subjects overestimated the width of a rectangle by 6 percent. The shifts in perception of size occurred whether individual stripes in the grating were narrower than, equal to, or wider than the rectangle. Rectangle width was underestimated only if the grating stripes were extremely wide, with a spatial frequency lower than most of the effective amplitude spectrum of the rectangle. These findings (and complementary ones with horizontal gratings) suggest that the visual system codes size on the basis of spatial frequency components, rather than directly in terms of width.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frome, F S -- Levinson, J Z -- Danielson, J T -- Clavadetscher, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1327-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Humans ; Size Perception/*physiology ; Visual Fields ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Cigarette smoking induces functional antiprotease deficiency in the lower respiratory tract of humans (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Current concepts of the pathogenesis of emphysema suggest that it results from an imbalance of elastase and antielastase activity within the alveolar structures. Although emphysema that is associated with hereditary deficiency of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin conforms to this scheme, the major risk factor in the more common form of emphysema is cigarette smoking. A study was designed to evaluate the premise that cigarette smoking may be associated with an acquired, functional defect in lung alpha 1-antitrypsin. Determination of the antielastase activity of alpha 1-antitrypsin obtained from the lungs of smoking and nonsmoking individuals revealed a nearly twofold reduction in the functional activity of this elastase inhibitor in the lungs of cigarette smokers. These data suggest that cigarette smokers may lose some of the normal antielastase protective screen of the lower respiratory tract, making them more vulnerable to destructive lung disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gadek, J E -- Fells, G A -- Crystal, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1315-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/316188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Bronchi/enzymology ; Extracellular Space/enzymology ; Humans ; Lung/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Plants, Toxic ; Pulmonary Emphysema/enzymology/etiology ; Smoking/complications/*physiopathology ; Tobacco ; *alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Killing of fibroblasts by dexamethasone or dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate is not a valid test for cystic fibrosis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Assays based on the counting of total cells and of colony-forming cells were used to demonstrate that neither dexamethasone nor dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) kills human fibroblasts under a variety of conditions. These results contradict those of previous studies showing that dexamethasone and dibutyryl cyclic AMP kill a higher percentage of fibroblasts from normal humans than from individuals with cystic fibrosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kurz, J B -- Perkins, J P -- Buchwald, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/229552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Bucladesine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cystic Fibrosis/*diagnosis ; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects ; Humans ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Skin/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Dopamine-related tetrahydroisoquinolines: significant urinary excretion by alcoholics after alcohol consumption (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: Concentrations of dopamine-related tetrahydroisoquinolines (salsolinol and O-methylated salsolinol) were significantly higher in the daily urine samples of alcoholic subjects admitted for alcohol detoxification than in the daily urine samples of nonalcoholic control subjects. Salsolinol concentrations in alcoholic subjects appeared to drop to trace (control) values 2 to 3 days after admission, following the disappearance of ethanol and its reactive metabolite acetaldehyde from the blood. These results indicate that physiologically active tetrahydroisoquinolines increase in humans during long-term alcohol consumption, presumably because of acetaldehyde's direct condensation with catecholamines. The presence of these or similar condensation products in the urine could be useful as clinical indicators of prior blood acetaldehyde concentrations in chronic alcoholics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, M A -- Nijm, W P -- Borge, G F -- Teas, G -- Goldfarb, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1184-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde/blood ; Adult ; Alcoholism/metabolism/*urine ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Humans ; Isoquinolines/*urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Salsoline Alkaloids/urine ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/urine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    The safety of 2,4,5-T (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Westing, A H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1135-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*adverse effects ; Dioxins/*toxicity ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Panel urges wide use of antiviral drug (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1058-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amantadine/history/*therapeutic use ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control/*therapy ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Parabolic flight: loss of sense of orientation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: On the earth, or in level flight, a blindfolded subject being rotated at constant velocity about his recumbent long body axis experiences illusory orbital motion of his body in the opposite direction. By contrast, during comparable rotation in the free-fall phase of parabolic flight, no body motion is perceived and all sense of external orientation may be lost; when touch and pressure stimulation is applied to the body surface, a sense of orientation is reestablished immediately. The increased gravitoinertial force period of a parabola produces an exaggeration of the orbital motion experienced in level flight. These observations reveal an important influence of touch, pressure, and kinesthetic information on spatial orientation and provide a basis for understanding many of the postural illusions reported by astronauts in space flight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lackner, J R -- Graybiel, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1105-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acceleration ; *Aerospace Medicine ; Eye Movements ; Gravitation ; Humans ; Illusions ; Kinesis/physiology ; *Orientation ; Posture ; Pressure ; Touch/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Physostigmine and recent memory: effects in young and aged nonhuman primates (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: The effect of physostigmine on recent memory was evaluated in young and aged rhesus monkeys. All aged monkeys had previously shown impaired memory. The performance of the young monkeys treated with physostigmine was similar to that recently reported for young humans--no effects at low doses, some improvement at a restricted range of doses, and deficits at the highest dose. Although the aged subjects also improved at the same general doses, their overall response as a group was much more variable than that of the younger subjects. The performance of some aged monkeys was impaired by low doses that did not affect young monkeys. Continued improvement was observed in some aged monkeys at the highest dose, which typically impaired young monkeys. These variable effects across aged subjects suggest that physostigmine cannot easily or reliably be used as an agent for treating geriatric cognition. Nevertheless, the differential age-related effects suggest that appropriate manipulation of the cholinergic system may eventually be developed to alleviate some of the cognitive impairments suffered by aged subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartus, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Aging ; Animals ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Memory Disorders/drug therapy ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Physostigmine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Prenatal stress reduces fertility and fecundity in female offspring (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Female rats subjected to prenatal stress later experienced fewer conceptions, more spontaneous abortions and vaginal hemorrhaging, longer pregnancies, and fewer viable young than nonstressed rats. The offspring of the prenatally stressed rats were lighter in weight and less likely to survive the neonatal period. Prenatal stress may influence the balance of adrenal and gonadal hormones during a critical stage of fetal hypothalamic differentiation, thereby producing a variety of reproductive dysfunctions in adulthood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herrenkohl, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1097-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/573923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disorders of Sex Development/etiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/*etiology ; Lighting ; Litter Size ; Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Reproduction ; Stress, Psychological/*complications
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Noncycling tumor cells are sensitive targets for the antiproliferative activity of human interferon (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Resting Burkitt's lymphoma cells (Daudi) in culture are more sensitive targets for the antiproliferative activity of purified human fibroblast interferon than cells that are rapidly multiplying. Thus, interferon may be of significant clinical value in neoplasms involving stem cells and, after chemotherapy, in suppressing the reemergence of tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horoszewicz, J S -- Leong, S S -- Carter, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1091-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy/pathology ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Interferons/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Social science research ethics (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horowitz, Irving L -- Garn, Stanley M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1022.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643506" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Behavioral Research ; *Deception ; Humans ; Journalism ; Methods ; *Research ; Research Personnel ; Social Sciences
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    New treatment for coronary artery disease (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 23;206(4421):917.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Assisted Circulation/*methods ; Cardiology/trends ; Coronary Disease/*surgery ; Humans ; Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping/*methods
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Can an ape create a sentence? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-23
    Description: More than 19,000 multisign utterances of an infant chimpanzee (Nim) were analyzed for syntactic and semantic regularities. Lexical regularities were observed in the case of two-sign combinations: particular signs (for example, more) tended to occur in a particular position. These regularities could not be attributed to memorization or to position habits, suggesting that they were structurally constrained. That conclusion, however, was invalidated by videotape analyses, which showed that most of Nim's utterances were prompted by his teacher's prior utterance, and that Nim interrupted his teachers to a much larger extent than a child interrupts an adult's speech. Signed utterances of other apes (as shown on films) revealed similar non-human patterns of discourse.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terrace, H S -- Petitto, L A -- Sanders, R J -- Bever, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 23;206(4421):891-902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; Humans ; Language Development ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/*physiology ; Semantics ; Sign Language ; Time Factors
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    Activation of the supplementary motor area during voluntary movement in man suggests it works as a supramotor area (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Measurements of cerebral blood flow in man revealed that complex voluntary movements are associated with a blood flow increase in the supplementary motor area of the brain. This increase is additional to and similar in magnitude to the Rolandic sensorimotor area activation that occurs during all kinds of movement. When subjects counted silently there was no activation of any focal cortical area in the brain; when they counted aloud there was a marked increase in activity in the supplementary motor area. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the supplementary motor area plays a major role in the initiation and control of at least some kinds of voluntary movement in man and is, therefore, a motor center of a higher order than the primary Rolandic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orgogozo, J M -- Larsen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):847-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Motor Cortex/anatomy & histology/blood supply/*physiology ; *Movement ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Regional Blood Flow ; Volition
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    Humans deprived of normal binocular vision have binocular interactions tuned to size and orientation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: A suprathreshold grating presented to one eye elevated the threshold for the discrimination of gratings similar in size and orientation presented to the fellow eye. The magnitude and stimulus specificity of these binocular interactions in human observers with normal bioncular vision were similar to those in observers deprived of normal binocular visual experience; however, the latter showed a failure of binocular summation at threshold or subthreshold contract levels. Whereas strabismus or amblyopia disrupted the normal excitatory interactions between the two eyes, cortical inhibitory binocular connections seem not to have been disrupted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levi, D M -- Harwerth, R S -- Smith, E L 3rd -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):852-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493988" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Orientation/physiology ; Size Perception/physiology ; Strabismus/*physiopathology ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Pathways/physiology/physiopathology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Triglyceride concentrations: the disaccharide effect (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: The mean 24-hour or integrated concentration of triglyceride is significantly higher when dietary sucrose is provided rather than an equivalent amount of its component monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. In contrast, the plasma triglyceride concentration after a 12-hour fast is not significantly different.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, R G -- Hayford, J T -- Hendrix, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):838-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dietary Carbohydrates/*metabolism ; Fructose/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Sucrose/metabolism ; Triglycerides/*blood
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    Hormones and their effects in the aging body (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):805-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Estrogens/physiology ; Female ; Hormones/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Menopause ; Osteoporosis/etiology ; Progesterone/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Testosterone/physiology ; Uterine Neoplasms/etiology
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  • 25
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    Dendritic growth in the aged human brain and failure of growth in senile dementia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Golgi-stained dendrites of single randomly chosen layer-II pyramidal neurons in the human parahippocampal gyrus were quantified with a computer-microscope system. In nondemented aged cases (average age, 79.6 years), dendritic trees were more extensive than in adult cases (average age, 51.2), with most of the difference resulting from increases in the number and average length of terminal segments of the dendritic tree. These results provide morphological evidence for plasticity in the mature and aged human brain. In senile dementia (average age, 76.0), dendritic trees were less extensive than in adult brains, largely because their terminal segments were fewer and shorter. Cells with shrunken dendritic trees were found in all brains. These data suggest a model of aging in the central nervous system in which one population of neurons dies and regresses and the other survives and grows. The latter appears to be the dominant population in aging without dementia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buell, S J -- Coleman, P D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):854-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; *Aging ; Cells, Cultured ; Dementia/pathology/*physiopathology ; Dendrites/pathology/physiology/ultrastructure ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged
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    New strength in the diet-disease link? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):666-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diet/*adverse effects ; Disease/*etiology ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Peer Review ; Preventive Medicine/methods ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Microsecond sensitivity of the human visual system to irregular flicker (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: A flickering light presented to the eye produces a small alternating voltage at the scalp of a subject. This alternating voltage indicates the following response of the brain to the flicker. If every other flash in the flicker is displaced temporally by as little as 30 microseconds, an asymmetry appears in the brain's alternating voltage. The results suggest an underlying mechanism that may enhance visual detection of high-frequency flicker.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Evoked Potentials ; Flicker Fusion/physiology ; Humans ; Time Factors ; *Vision, Ocular
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    Phase advance of the circadian sleep-wake cycle as an antidepressant (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Sleep in depressed patients resembles sleep in normal subjects whose circadian rhythms of temperature and rapid-eye-movement sleep are phase-advanced (shifted earlier) relative to their sleep schedules. If this analogy is relevant to the pathophysiology of depressive illness, advancing the time of sleep and awakening should temporarily compensate for the abnormal timing of depressed patients' circadian rhythms. Four of seven manic-depressive patients studied longitudinally spontaneously advanced their times of awakening (activity onset) as they emerged from the depressive phase of their illness. In a phase-shift experiment, a depressed manic-depressive woman was twice brought out of depression for 2 weeks by advancing her sleep period so that she went to sleep and arose 6 hours earlier than usual. The antidepressant effect of the procedure was temporary and similar in duration to circadian desynchronization induced by jet lag in healthy subjects. This result supports the hypothesis that abnormalities of sleep patterns in some types of depression are due to abnormal internal phase relationships of circadian rhythms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wehr, T A -- Wirz-Justice, A -- Goodwin, F K -- Duncan, W -- Gillin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):710-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bipolar Disorder/*physiopathology/therapy ; Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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    Phenacetin studies (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vaught, J B -- King, C M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):637, 639.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Mice ; Mutation ; Phenacetin/*adverse effects/metabolism
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    Molecular microanalysis of pathological specimens in situ with a laser-Raman microprobe (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: A laser-Raman microprobe has been used to identify microscopic inclusions of silicone polymer in standard paraffin sections of lymph node. This example of organic chemical microanalysis in situ in pathological tissue represents an extension of microanalytical capabilities from elemental analysis, performed with electron and ion microprobes, to compound-specific molecular microanalysis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abraham, J L -- Etz, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):716-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Electron Probe Microanalysis/*methods ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/analysis ; Silicone Elastomers/*analysis ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman/*methods
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    Chrysotile asbestos in a California recreational area (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Dustfall along roads and trails being used recreationally in the Clear Creek area of San Benito County, California, located in the New Idria serpentinite, was found to be 90 percent or more chrysotile asbestos. Personal samplers worn by motorcyclists using one of the trails showed concentrations of airborne fibers ranging from 0.3 to 5.3 fibers per milliliter, according to methods prescribed for monitoring occupational exposures. The present workplace standard for brief exposures to asbestos is 10 fibers per milliliter; 5 fibers per milliliter is the proposed standard. The average total dust concentration estimated from personal samplers was approximately 20 milligrams per cubic meter of roughly 90 percent chrysotile. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of asbestos exposures of this magnitude, in size ranges known to be pathogenic, resulting from natural deposits not associated with mining, milling, or industrial use.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, W C -- Murchio, J -- Popendorf, W -- Wenk, H R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):685-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/analysis ; Asbestos/*analysis ; California ; Humans ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Recreation ; Soil Pollutants/analysis
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    Monocular light exclusion for a period of days reduces directional sensitivity of the human retina (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Single eyes of young adult observers were occluded for as long as 10 days. Directional sensitivity of the retina (the Stiles-Crawford effect of the first kind) under photopic conditions was dramatically reduced at every retinal location tested in all subjects. The maximum effect was observed within 3 to 5 days, and recovery took place at approximately the same rate after termination of patching.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enoch, J M -- Birch, D G -- Birch, E E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):705-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Light ; Retina/*physiology/ultrastructure ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Fields
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    Rapid killing of single neurons by irradiation of intracellularly injected dye (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: A simple technique for rapidly killing all or part of single neurons consists of filling the cell with Lucifer Yellow CH and irradiating all or part of it with intense blue light. Such treatment kills the irradiated part of the cell within a few minutes. Adjacent cells are not affected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, J P -- Selverston, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):702-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Survival/drug effects ; Coloring Agents/toxicity ; Histological Techniques ; Humans ; Nephropidae ; Neurons/*drug effects
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    Angular invariants in developing human mandibles (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: Recent studies of lateral cephalograms based on symmetric-axis analyses of the mandibular border yield angles that appear to be uninfluenced by gross changes in mandibular shape over age and between individuals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Webber, R L -- Blum, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):689-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493973" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Computers ; Humans ; Infant ; Mandible/anatomy & histology/*growth & development
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    Candidiasis: detection by gas-liquid chromatography of D-arabinitol, a fungal metabolite, in human serum (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: D-Arabinitol was identified as a major metabolite of Candida species in human subjects. Gas-liquid chromatography was used to measure the concentration of D-arabinitol in serum. The study included subjects who were healthy and cancer patients who had proven invasive candidiasis or were colonized with Candida. D-Arabinitol concentrations greater than 1.0 microgram per milliliter were found in serum from patients with invasive infection. This technique may prove valuable in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kiehn, T E -- Bernard, E M -- Gold, J W -- Armstrong, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):577-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493963" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabinose/analogs & derivatives/blood ; Candidiasis/blood/*diagnosis ; Chromatography, Gas ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Sugar Alcohols/*blood
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    Moment of inertia: psychophysical study of an overlooked sensation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The distribution of mass in an object held in the hand, as described by its moment of inertia, is a fundamental and potent but largely unrecognized contributor to the object's "feel." A limited set of experiments has produced Weber fractions for human differential sensitivity to this property in the approximate range of 1/5 to 1/3, which is about ten times the Weber fraction reported for lifted weights.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kreifeldt, J G -- Chuang, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):588-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biophysical Phenomena ; *Biophysics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Weight Perception/*physiology
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    Determinants of cognitive performance in Warsaw (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lasky, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493966" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cognition/*physiology ; Environment ; Humans ; Poland
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    Ethics in social science research (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):537-538+.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Behavioral Research ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Deception ; Ethical Theory ; *Ethics ; Federal Government ; Government ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Research ; Risk ; Risk Assessment ; Social Control, Formal ; Social Sciences
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    Heparin: an old drug with a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Recent studies have shown that heparin is a biochemical representative of a distinct class of compounds known as linear anionic polyelectrolytes. Members of this class are mixtures of individual highly negatively charged chains that show a wide spectrum of specific reactions with biologically active proteins. Upon administration, heparin chains enter a cellular pool and effectively prevent thrombosis by increasing the electronegative potential of the vessel wall. Anticoagulant activity is an unusual feature of a few heparin chains and appears to play a minor role in many clinical uses and in physiological and pathological responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacques, L B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):528-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antithrombin III/metabolism ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Heparin/adverse effects/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ions ; Mast Cells/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Thrombosis/prevention & control
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    Antibodies to sporozoites: their frequent occurrence in individuals living in an area of hyperendemic malaria (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Serum samples from 158 West Africans were tested for antibodies against sporozoites, the vector stage of the malaria parasite. Antibodies specific for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were detected by means of the circumsporozoite precipitation assay and indirect immunofluorescence. More than 90 percent of the serum samples from adults gave positive immunofluorescent reactions against falciparum sporozoites, whereas most of the samples from children gave low or negative reactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nardin, E H -- Nussenzweig, R S -- McGregor, I A -- Bryan, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Antibodies/*analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Reservoirs/immunology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Malaria/*immunology ; Middle Aged ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; Vaccines
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    China's new birth policy: one baby is enough (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, Barbara J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):429.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; Contraception ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Motivation ; *Population Control ; Social Control, Formal
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    Gamma rays: further evidence for lack of a threshold dose for lethality to human cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: In experiments designed to measure human cell survival sith +/- 2 percent accuracy it was found that low doses (21 to 87 rad) of gamma-rays inactivated the colony-forming ability of cultured human cells with a probability of 0.00226 +/- 0.00012 per rad. There appears to be no threshold for the lethality of radiation to human cells in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Furcinitti, P S -- Todd, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):475-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/radiation effects ; Cell Survival/*radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Gamma Rays ; Humans ; *Radiation, Ionizing
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    A correlation between platelet monoamine oxidase activity and plasma prolactin concentrations in man (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: Increases in plasma prolactin concentrations produced by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, varied inversely with baseline platelet monoamine oxidase activity in 12 patients with chronic schizophrenia. In normal volunteers with low monoamine oxidase activity and in unmedicated patients with chronic schizophrenia, plasma prolactin concentrations varied directly with platelet monoamine oxidase activity. No such relationship was found in normal subjects with high platelet monoamine oxidase activity. These data suggest that platelet monoamine oxidase activity reflects monoaminergic activity in the tubero-infundibular system, which in turn affects plasma prolactin concentrations. This relationship may be important in patients with low platelet monoamine oxidase activity, such as some chronic schizophrenics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleinman, J E -- Potkin, S -- Rogol, A -- Buchsbaum, M S -- Murphy, D L -- Gillin, J C -- Nasrallah, H A -- Wyatt, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):479-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Platelets/*enzymology ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Methyltyrosines/pharmacology ; Monoamine Oxidase/*blood ; Prolactin/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood
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    Treating mental disorders (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pauling, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):404.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/574314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Choline/*therapeutic use ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/*diet therapy ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/*diet therapy
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    Fetal research ethics (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brackbill, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):404-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Disclosure ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Pregnancy ; *Risk Assessment
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    Phenylethylamine in paranoid chronic schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: Phenylethylamine (PEA) is an endogenous amine that is structurally and pharmacologically related to amphetamine. Urinary PEA excretion is significantly higher in paranoid chronic schizophrenics than in nonparanoid chronic schizophrenics and normal controls. Diet, hospitalization, and medication do not account for differences in PEA concentrations. These findings offer some indication that PEA may be an endogenous amphetamine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Potkin, S G -- Karoum, F -- Chuang, L W -- Cannon-Spoor, H E -- Phillips, I -- Wyatt, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):470-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504988" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chronic Disease ; Diet ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Phenethylamines/*urine ; Schizophrenia/urine ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/*urine
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    Reading without a fovea (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: A visual mask moving in synchrony with the eye obliterated foveal vision during reading under certain conditions. When foveal vision was masked, reading became difficult. In another condition, a window of readable text moved in synchrony with the eye, and parafoveal vision was masked on each fixation. The results point out the importance of foveal and parafoveal vision in reading.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rayner, K -- Bertera, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):468-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504987" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Eye Movements ; Fovea Centralis/*physiology ; Humans ; Macula Lutea/*physiology ; *Reading ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Fields
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    Experimental phenylketonuria: replacement of carboxyl terminal tyrosine by phenylalanine in infant rat brain tubulin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: In the brains of newborn rats, about half of the tubulin molecules are modified posttranslationally by the addition of an aromatic amino acid at the carboxyl terminus of the alpha chain. Of the added residues, 96 percent are tyrosine and 4 percent are phenylalanine. After induction of hyperphenylalaninemia, the proportion of tubulin molecules containing carboxyl terminal phenylalanine increases up to eightfold and the pool of tyrosine-containing molecules decreases by an equivalent amount.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rodriguez, J A -- Borisy, G G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):463-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/574315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Microtubules/metabolism ; Phenylalanine/*metabolism ; Phenylketonurias/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Tubulin/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Monoclonal antibodies defining distinctive human T cell surface antigens (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-19
    Description: Three novel nonoclonal antibodies (designed OKT1, OKT3, and OKT4) were generated against surface determinants of human peripheral T cells. Both OKT1 and OKT3 reacted with all human peripheral T cells and 5 to 10 percent of thymocytes but differed in their reactivities with T cel- lines. By contrast, OKT4 reacted with 55 percent of human peripheral T cells and 80 percent of thymocyted in that they did not react with normal B cells, null cells, monocytes, or granulocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kung, P -- Goldstein, G -- Reinherz, E L -- Schlossman, S F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 19;206(4416):347-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/314668" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Surface/*analysis ; Cells, Cultured/immunology ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Experimental/immunology ; Mice ; Plasmacytoma/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    Holographic assessment of a hypothesized microwave hearing mechanism (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-12
    Description: Exposure of the head to pulse-modulated microwaves induces the perception of a sound. It has been hypothesized that the electromagnetic energy is converted to acoustic energy in the skull and then conducted through the bone. Dynamic time-averaged interferometric holography showed that the predicted motion of head tissue did not occur. An alternative locus for this hearing effect is suggested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frey, A H -- Coren, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):232-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482939" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Bone and Bones/radiation effects ; Cochlea/physiology/radiation effects ; Guinea Pigs ; Hearing/*physiology ; Holography ; Humans ; *Microwaves ; Models, Biological ; Motion ; Rats ; Vibration
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    Blood substitute passes its first test (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Emulsions ; Fluorocarbons/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma Substitutes/*therapeutic use
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    Nationwide protection from iodine-131 urged (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):201-2, 204.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Accidents, Occupational ; Humans ; *Iodine Radioisotopes ; Potassium Iodide/*therapeutic use ; Power Plants ; Public Health ; Thyroid Neoplasms/prevention & control
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    Metabolism of americium-241 in man: an unusual case of internal contamination of a child and his father (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The metabolism of americium-241 has been studied during an 8-year period in an adult male and his son who, at the ages of 50 and 4 years, respectively, were accidentally and unknowingly contaminated within their home by means of inhalation. Chelation therapy with calcium trisodium pentetate was more effective in enhancing the removal of americium-241 from the child than from the father.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N -- Sasso, T L -- Wrenn, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Americium/*metabolism/poisoning ; Body Burden ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged
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    Cancer--opportunism and opportunity (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; Environmental Exposure ; Food ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*etiology
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    Inhibition of histaminase release from human granulocytes by products of histaminase activity (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Imidazoleacetic acid, a product of the action of histaminase (E.C. 1.4.3.6) on histamine, inhibits specific release of histaminase from human peripheral blood granulocytes with an inhibition constant between 5 X 10(-9)M and 1 X 10(-8)M. Hence, modulation of enzyme release is indirectly mediated by the activity of the enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herman, J J -- Brenner, J K -- Colten, H R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):77-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/113872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates/pharmacology ; Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/*blood ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Feedback ; Granulocytes/*enzymology ; Humans ; Imidazoles/*pharmacology ; Kinetics
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    Prednisone therapy and birth weight (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, K D -- Steinberger, E -- Rodriguez-Rigau, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):96-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Birth Weight/*drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Prednisone/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy
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    Long-term analgesic effects of inescapable shock and learned helplessness (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Although exposure to inescapable shocks induced analgesia in rats, the analgesia was not manifest 24 hours later. A brief reexposure to shock, however, restored the analgesia. This reexposure to shock had an analgesic effect only if the rats had been shocked 24 hours previously. Further, long-term analgesic effects depended on the controllability of the original shocks and not on shock exposure per se. Implications of these results for learned helplessness and stress-induced analgesia are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, R L -- Maier, S F -- Coon, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/573496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Animals ; *Avoidance Learning ; *Electroshock ; Humans ; Rats ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology ; Time Factors
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    Prednisone therapy and birth weight (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jefferies, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):96-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*adverse effects ; Birth Weight/drug effects ; Cortisone/adverse effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/adverse effects ; Prednisone/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy
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    Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in familial dysautonomia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Tyrosine hydroxylase antigen was localized immunohistochemically in sympathetic neurons from human autopsy tissue. The reaction persists in paraffin-embedded tissue, and the method is applicable to archival specimens. Increased amounts in this antigen per cell may partially compensate for decreased numbers of sympathetic neurons in familial dysautonomia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, J -- Brandeis, L -- Goldstein, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):71-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dysautonomia, Familial/*enzymology/pathology ; Ganglia, Autonomic/enzymology/pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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    Cancer and environment: Higginson speaks out (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Higginson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1363-4, 1366.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior ; *Carcinogens ; Diet ; *Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Neoplasms/*etiology ; Stress, Psychological/complications
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    Imbalance in X-chromosome expression: evidence for a human X-linked gene affecting growth of hemopoietic cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: In each of six family members who were heterozygous at the X-linked locus for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, only one or the other of the two alleles at that locus was almost exclusively expressed. The data are consistent with evidence that X-chromosome inactivation is a random process that may be followed by selection for one of the two resulting cell types on the basis of an unknown gene, which is located on the X chromosome and which can affect the rate of proliferation of hemopoietic cells in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luzzatto, L -- Usanga, E A -- Bienzle, U -- Esan, G F -- Fusuan, F A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1418-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Erythrocytes/enzymology ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/blood/genetics ; *Hematopoiesis ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Leukocytes/enzymology ; *Mosaicism ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *X Chromosome
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    Receptor-mediated internalization of fluorescent chemotactic peptide by human neutrophils (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: Tetramethylrhodamine labeled N-formyl-Nle-Leu-Phe-Nle-Tyr-Lys is a potent chemoattractant for human neutrophils. Binding of this peptide to living neutrophils was observed by means of video intensification microscopy. At 37 degrees C, diffuse membrane fluorescence was seen initially, followed by rapid aggregation and internalization of the fluorescent peptide. These processes are dependent on specific binding to the formal peptide chemotactic receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niedel, J E -- Kahane, I -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1412-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Membrane/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ; Endocytosis ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neutrophils/*physiology ; Oligopeptides/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/physiology
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    Human language cortex: localization of memory, syntax, and sequential motor-phoneme identification systems (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: Subdivisions of the human peri-Sylvian language cortex were derived from stimulation mapping during craniotomies under local anesthesia. Naming, reading, short-term verbal memory, single and sequential orofacial movements, and phoneme identification were tested. Sequential orofacial movements and phoneme identification were altered from the same brain sites and thus identified a common system for language production and understanding. This system surrounded a final motor pathway for speech and was surrounded by a separate short-term verbal-memory system. Between the sequential motor-phoneme identification and memory systems were sites where only naming or reading were altered, including sites related exclusively by syntax.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ojemann, G -- Mateer, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1401-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Face ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Lip/physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Movement ; Posture ; Speech/*physiology ; Speech Perception/*physiology
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    Nitrate and nitrite: origin in humans (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tannenbaum, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1332, 1334-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diet ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Nitrates/*metabolism/urine ; Nitrites/*metabolism
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    Mutual repulsion between moving visual targets (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: When two spatially intermingled sets of random dots move in different directions, the direction of each set may be misperceived. Observers report that each set of dots appears to move in a direction displaced by as much as 20 degrees from the direction of its companion set. Probably the result of inhibitory interactions, this mutual repulsion occurs at a central site in the visual system and may normally enhance discrimination of direction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshak, W -- Sekuler, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1399-401.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Galactosemia: alterations in sulfate metabolism secondary to galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: Cultures of nonmutant as well as galactokinase-deficient fibroblasts incorporate 20 percent more [35S]sulfate when galactose is substituted for glucose in the medium; galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase-deficient cells incorporate 65.5 percent less. In addition to incorporating less [35S]sulfate, the uridyltransferase-deficient cells showed significant accumulation of intracellular galactose-1-phosphate within 4 hours after galactose exposure. Under the same conditions, no difference in [3H]uridine incorporation was observed. This metabolic alteration, occurring in response to galactose exposure, may be related to the pathophysiology of classical galactosemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tedesco, T A -- Miller, K L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1395-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Galactose/metabolism ; Galactosemias/*metabolism ; Galactosephosphates/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Nucleotidyltransferases/*deficiency ; Sulfates/*metabolism ; UTP-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase/*deficiency
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    The hyperactive child syndrome (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: The behavioral characteristics of the hyperactive child are described at different stages of development. Recent and sometimes controversial research findings are discussed with respect to prevalence, etiology, treatment, and outcome. It is concluded that this syndrome can best be understood in terms of interactions between social, psychological, and biological variables.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, G -- Hechtman, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1348-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology ; Child ; Child Behavior Disorders/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Methylphenidate/therapeutic use ; Sex Ratio ; Syndrome ; Terminology as Topic
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    Somatostatin cell processes as pathways for paracrine secretion (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: Somatostatin is produced by gastrointestinal endocrine cells that have long, nonluminal, cytoplasmic processes. Such processes terminate on other cell types, including gastrin-producing and hydrochloric acid-producing cells, whose functions are profoundly affected by somatostatin. The findings suggest that somatostatin cells control the functions of other cells through local release of the peptide by way of cytoplasmic processes. Also, certain other types of gastrointestinal endocrine cells have similar cytoplasmic prolongations, which may have analogous local (paracrine) regulatory functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larsson, L I -- Goltermann, N -- de Magistris, L -- Rehfeld, J F -- Schwartz, T W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382360" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gastric Juice/*secretion ; Gastrins/secretion ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Pyloric Antrum/cytology/*metabolism ; Rats ; Somatostatin/*physiology
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    Morphine-naloxone interactions: a role for nonspecific morphine excitatory effects in withdrawal (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: The opiate antagonist naloxone precipitates withdrawal when given either 15 minutes after or 1 minute before a single injection of morphine in drug-naive mice. We propose that withdrawal signs arise from a synergistic mixture of excitatory influences that are direct (agonistic action on nonspecific opiate receptors) and indirect (sensory and affective disorders, stress, hormonal and neurotransmitter dysfunction, and so forth). The predominant effects during precipitated withdrawal are assumed to be direct, whereas during abstinence in tolerant animals they are indirect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevens, D R -- Klemm, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1379-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Tolerance ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Stereotyped Behavior/physiology ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*physiopathology
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    Dioxin studies (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robbins, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1332.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dioxins/*adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans
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    Acetaminophen: potentially toxic metabolite formed by human fetal and adult liver microsomes and isolated fetal liver cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: A reactive metabolite of acetaminophen is hepatotoxic in humans when the drug is ingested in large overdoses. The ability of the human fetal and adult liver to oxidize acetaminophen by trapping the potentially toxic metabolite as a glutathione conjugate has been measured. Oxidation by fetal liver was approximately ten times slower than by adult liver. However, there was a definite increase in acetaminophen oxidation with fetal age. Isolated human fetal liver cells conjugated acetaminophen with sulfate but not with glucuronic acid. The results indicate that the human fetal liver is able to detoxify acetaminophen by conjugation. However, it also catalyzes the formation of an active metabolite of acetaminophen through oxidation. Hence the fetus remains at risk should a large dose of the drug cross into the fetal circulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rollins, D E -- von Bahr, C -- Glaumann, H -- Moldeus, P -- Rane, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1414-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaminophen/*metabolism/toxicity ; Biotransformation ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Female ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver/embryology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Microsomes, Liver/*metabolism ; NADP/metabolism ; Pregnancy
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    Antipsychotic drug action in schizophrenic patients: effect on cortical dopamine metabolism after long-term treatment (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: In the brains of deceased schizophrenics who underwent long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs, the concentration of homovanillic acid (a dopamine metabolite) was significantly increased in the orbital frontal, cingulate, and temporal tip areas of the cortex, but not in the putamen or the nucleus accumbens. The concentration of homovanillic acid was normal in the brains of schizophrenics who were not treated with drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bacopoulos, N C -- Spokes, E G -- Bird, E D -- Roth, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1405-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Homovanillic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism ; Putamen/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Auditory brainstem frequency following responses to waveform envelope periodicity (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: An auditory frequency following response (FFR) was recorded to four complx stimuli. The FFR corresponded to the waveform envelope periodicity but not to the "missing fundamental" pitch of the stimuli. The FFR may be significant for timbre perception and sound lateralization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, J W 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1297-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Periodicity ; Pitch Discrimination/*physiology
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    Cerebral specialization, writing posture, and motor control of writing in left-handers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: It has been suggested that the inverted hand position of left-handers during writing indicates the left hemisphere of their brain is linguistically specialized and that the writing of these left-handers may be controlled via ipsilateral pathways. Electroencephalograph alpha asymmetry measures at central and parietal leads, as well as dichotic tests, differentiated right-handers from left-handers, but not inverters from noninverters. Electroencephalograph differences between hand posture groups did appear, but only at occipital leads during reading and writing tasks. Regardless of hand posture or speech lateralization, the right central region of the brain is significantly involved in the control of left-handed writing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herron, J -- Galin, D -- Johnstone, J -- Ornstein, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1285-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Movement ; *Posture ; Speech/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; *Writing
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    N-nitrosamines in the rubber and tire industry (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Airborne N-nitrosomorpholine (0 to 27 micrograms per cubic meter) was found in two of four rubber industry factories. N-Nitrosodimethylamine was also found in two factories, but at lower levels. These findings may be relevant to the reported increased risk of certain types of cancer in rubber workers in some of the same areas where the N-nitrosomorpholine levels were highest.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fajen, J M -- Carson, G A -- Rounbehler, D P -- Fan, T Y -- Vita, R -- Goff, U E -- Wolf, M H -- Edwards, G S -- Fine, D H -- Reinhold, V -- Biemann, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1262-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/*analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/*analysis ; Dimethylnitrosamine/analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Morpholines/analysis ; Nitrosamines/*analysis ; *Occupational Medicine ; *Rubber
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    Sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes after exposure to diagnostic ultrasound (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges increased in freshly isolated human lymphocytes as well as in a continuously growing lymphoblast line by exposure to diagnostic levels of ultrasound for 30 minutes. The results confirm previous findings indicating that ultrasound of diagnostic intensities can affect the DNA of animal cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liebeskind, D -- Bases, R -- Mendez, F -- Elequin, F -- Koenigsberg, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1273-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; *Chromatids ; *Crossing Over, Genetic ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; *Ultrasonics/adverse effects
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    Chemical carcinogens: estimating the risk (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reitz, R H -- Quast, J F -- Watanabe, P G -- Gehring, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Risk ; Species Specificity ; Vinyl Chloride/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 78
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    Dorfman's data analysis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, D B -- Stigler, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1204-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Intelligence ; Statistics as Topic/*methods
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  • 79
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    Long-term amphetamine treatment decreases brain serotonin metabolism: implications for theories of schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Long-term amphetamine administration to cats (a mean of 8.75 milligrams per kilogram twice daily for 10 days) produced large decreases (40 to 67 percent in serotonin and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in all brain regions examined. This treatment also produced several behaviors that are dependent on depressed central serotonergic neurotransmission, and which normally are elicited exclusively by hallucinogenic drugs. Short-term amphetamine administration (15 mg/kg) did not produce these behaviors and resulted in small decreases in brain serotonin and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data are discussed in the context of monoamine theories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/*drug effects ; Cats ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 80
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    Psychotropic drugs as behavioral teratogens (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Three psychotropic drugs were administered to pregnant rats and were then evaluated for their behavioral and reproductive effects in the offspring. Control rats received either saline or vitamin A. Prochlorperazine had the most disruptive effects on reproduction and growth, but had the least effect on behavior. Propoxyphene had no apparent effects on reproduction or growth, but produced a variety of behavioral changes. Fenfluramine was intermediate in its effects on reproduction and growth and had behavioral effects that were revealed in tests of preweaning development. The data suggest that systematic tests of behavior add important information to evaluations of reproductive toxicity that cannot, at present, be obtained by other means.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vorhees, C V -- Brunner, R L -- Butcher, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1220-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Dextropropoxyphene/*pharmacology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fenfluramine/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Litter Size/drug effects ; Male ; Movement Disorders/chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Prochlorperazine/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Sex Ratio/drug effects ; Swimming
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  • 81
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    Pupillary responses during information processing vary with Scholastic Aptitude Test scores (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The magnitude of task-evoked pupillary dilations during mental activity has previously been shown to index the cognitive capacity utilized in the performance of the mental task. To determine the relation between "intelligence" and capacity demands during mental activity, task-evoked pupillary dilations were measured while two groups of university students differing in their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test solved mental arithmetic problems. Over three levels of problems difficulty, more intelligent subjects showed smaller task-evoked pupillary dilations than did their less intelligent counterparts. Thus, the more intelligent appear to possess more efficient cognitive structures of information processing. These data provide evidence that physiological differences between individuals of differing psychometric intelligence emerge during mental activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahern, S -- Beatty, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aptitude Tests ; Cognition/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Mathematics ; Mental Processes/physiology ; Pupil/*physiology
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  • 82
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    Geographic constraints on women's careers in academia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Male and female academics have very different residence patterns. Women are more concentrated in our largest urban centers; also, wherever they reside, women are less likely than men to change communities when changing institutions. Much of this sex difference is attributable to the constraints under which married academic women must manage their careers, in particular the requirements of two-career households. The authors argue that the status difference between men and women in academia is attributable, in part, to the geographic limitations on the locations of married women, as these prevent making strategic job changes to advance career prospects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marwell, G -- Rosenfeld, R -- Spilerman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1225-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Mobility ; *Education, Graduate ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Urban Population ; *Women
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  • 83
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    [3H]GABA binding in brains from Huntington's chorea patients: altered regulation by phospholipids? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Binding sites for tritum-labeled gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cerebellar cortex of Huntington's chorea patients have an increased affinity but unaltered maximum capacity as compared to binding sites in tissue from control patients. A similar binding pattern is produced in control membranes by treatment with Triton X-100, phospholipase C, or glycerophosphoethanolamine. Thus, it is likely that phospholipids or their metabolites regulate the accessibility of the GABA binding site and that this regulation is abnormal in Huntington's chorea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, K G -- Davidson, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1147-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cerebellar Cortex/*metabolism ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Lipids ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/physiology ; Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects/*metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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  • 84
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    Nutrition program (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kretchmer, N -- Hegsted, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1084-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies ; Humans ; Infant ; *Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Infant, Newborn ; Research Support as Topic
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  • 85
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    Pharmacologic effects in man of a potent, long-acting dopamine receptor agonist (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than 24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Crabtree, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ergolines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebos ; Prolactin/blood ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 86
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    Genetic variance in nonverbal intelligence: data from the kinships of identical twins (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: The multiple relationships within kinships of adult monozygotic twins permit incisive analyses to be made of genetic and environmental effects on behavioral traits. Data from families of 65 monozygotic twin pairs yield evidence of genetic variance on the Block Design Test, a nonverbal measure of general intelligence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rose, R J -- Harris, E L -- Christian, J C -- Nance, W E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1153-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; *Twins ; *Twins, Monozygotic ; Wechsler Scales
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  • 87
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    Plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity was measured by a method that was equally sensitive to beta-endorphin and [Leu5]-beta-endorphin. Immunoreactivity in 98 schizophrenic patients did not differ greatly from that in 42 normal subjects. No immunoreactivity was detectable in dialyzates from first-time hemodialysis of eight nonpsychotic renal patients and nine schizophrenic patients. These results are not compatible with recent reports of extremely high concentrations of [Leu5]-beta-endorphin in hemodialyzates from schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ross, M -- Berger, P A -- Goldstein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1163-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Endorphins/*blood/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Schizophrenia/*blood ; Stress, Physiological/blood
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  • 88
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    Comparative biochemistry and drug design for infectious disease (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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  • 89
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    Chromosome 13 long arm interstitial deletion may result from maternal inverted insertion (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoegerman, S F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1035-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Aberrations/*genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosome Inversion ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Female ; Humans
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  • 90
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    Education of the handicapped (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gavin, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):955.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/157521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Disabled Persons ; *Education ; Humans ; Jurisprudence
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  • 91
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    Flurazepam and insomnia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gillin, J C -- Mendelson, W B -- Dement, W C -- Solomon, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):954-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Anxiety Agents/*adverse effects ; Flurazepam/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Sleep/drug effects
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  • 92
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    Specific nonopiate receptors for beta-endorphin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Iodinated beta H-[2-D-alanine]endorphin exhibits specific binding to cultured human lymphocytes. The binding is inhibited by low concentrations of beta-endorphin and its D-alanine derivative, but is not affected by opiate agonists and antagonists, or by enkephalin analogs, beta-lipotropin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; this suggests the existence of a specific, non-opiate binding site (receptor) for beta-endorphin. The carboxy-terminal region of beta-endorphin is essential for this binding activity, since alpha-endorphin is not active. beta-Endorphin may be a circulating hormone with peripheral physiological effects that are not primarily mediated through interactions with opiate or enkephalin receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazum, E -- Chang, K J -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Endorphins/blood/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 93
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    3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol production by human brain in vivo (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A direct method has been employed to estimate the rate of production by human brain of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol, the major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, a brain neurotransmitter. Venous specimens were obtained from the internal jugular vein from ten awake human subjects at a puncture site above the common facial vein, the first major source of extracranial inflow. Arterial specimens were simultaneously obtained from the radial artery. Plasma samples were assayed and a highly significant difference was found in the concentration of the metabolite in plasma coming out of the brain (venous blood) as compared to plasma entering the brain (arterial blood). This venous-arterial difference was calculated to be 0.7 +/- 0.1 nanogram per milliliter of blood. Assuming an adult brain weight of 1400 grams and normal cerebral blood flow, it is estimated that the rate of production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by the awake human brain is approximately 597 nanograms per minute or 35.8 micrograms per hour. Urine specimens were also collected from six of these subjects during a period of 1 to 3.5 hours, which bracketed the time the blood samples were obtained. For these six subjects the output of 3-methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by whole brain was estimated to be 40.9 micrograms per hour, whereas the rate of its excretion into urine was 64.5 micrograms per hour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maas, J W -- Hattox, S E -- Greene, N M -- Landis, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Glycols/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/blood/*metabolism/urine ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/metabolism
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  • 94
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    Sex hormones and brain development (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*growth & development ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Preoptic Area/growth & development ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism
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  • 95
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    Insulin receptor binding in obesity: a reassessment (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A defect in the binding of insulin to circulating monocytes occurs when obese patients are hospitalized and fed a liberal carbohydrate diet. Under ordinary circumstances, most obese patients have normal insulin binding despite very high concentrations of serum insulin. These results show that insulin does not necessarily regulate its own receptor in vivo--as it does in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Misbin, R I -- O'Leary, J P -- Pulkkinen, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1003-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism ; Physical Exertion ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 96
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    Dr. Guthrie and Felis domesticus or: tripping over the cat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: The principal reactions described in Guthrie and Horton's classic learning monograph appear to have been caused by the mere presence of the experimenters. Neither escape nor food reinforcement is necessary for the establishment of such responses. They are species-typical "greeting" reactions, readily elicited by the sight of human observers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, B R -- Stuttard, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cats/*physiology ; Conditioning, Operant/physiology ; Humans ; Stereotyped Behavior/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Long-term choline treatment of memory-impaired elderly patients (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferris, S H -- Sathananthan, G -- Reisberg, B -- Gershon, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1039-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Dementia/drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory Disorders/*drug therapy ; Parasympathomimetics/*therapeutic use ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Genes coding for histone proteins in man are located on the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 7 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: Tritium-labeled complementary RNA's to two cloned sea urchin DNA sequences, one coding for histones H1, H2B, and H4 and the other for H2A and H3, were hybridized in situ to high resolution human chromosomes. Evidence is presented showing that the histone genes in man are localized in bands q32-36 on the long arm of chromosome 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandler, M E -- Kedes, L H -- Cohn, R H -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):908-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; *Genes ; Histones/*genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Sea Urchins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Withholding medical treatment (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):882-3, 885.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; *Judicial Role ; *Jurisprudence ; Mental Disorders/therapy ; Terminal Care/*standards ; *Withholding Treatment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Bitter taste of saccharin related to the genetic ability to taste the bitter substance 6-n-propylthiouracil (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: Bitter taste thresholds for 6-n-propylthiouracil are bimodally distributed, dividing subjects into tasters and nontasters. Their taste worlds differ with regard to the sweetness of sucrose and saccharin and to the bitterness of saccharin. These differences suggest that nontasters tend to perceive less bitterness in saccharin at concentrations used in beverages.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartoshuk, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):934-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Propylthiouracil ; *Saccharin ; Taste/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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