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  • Chemical Engineering  (4,460)
  • GEOPHYSICS  (3,607)
  • 1990-1994  (6,587)
  • 1960-1964  (1,480)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,2,2-Trifluorovinyl phenyl ether and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl 1,2,2-trifluorovinyl ether and their polymers (1963)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 3 (1963), S. 220-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 1,2,2,-Trifluorovinyl phenyl ether and 2,3,4,5,6,-pentafluorophenyl 1,2,2-trifluorovinyl ethers have been prepared, and the nucleophilic reactions of the phenoxide and 2,3,4,5-pentafluorophenoxide salts with tetrafluoroethylene have been investigated. In general, it is some-what difficult to control the reaction so as to produce the desired olefinic monomer. Under truly anhydrous conditions and when other sources of active protons are avoided, the olefin is the chief product if excess tetrafluoroethylene is used. The monomer produced is very reactive with phenoxide ions, and the diphenoxyolefins are the chief secondary products. Both monomers failed to polymerize under normal, free radical conditions. With boron trifluoride an oily material was obtained from the trifluorovinyl phenyl ether. High pressure and gamma rays converted both monomers into polymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760030310
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2-Chlorophenol oxidation in supercritical water: Global kinetics and reaction products (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 178-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: 2-Chlorophenol (2CP) was oxidized in near-critical and supercritical water in a high-pressure plug-flow reactor. The global kinetics for 2CP disappearance were described by a rate law that was 0.88±0.06 order in 2CP, 0.41±0.12 order in O2, and 0.34±0.17 order in water. The activation energy was 11.0±3.8 kcal/mol, and the Arrhenius pre-exponential factor was 102.0±1.2 M-0.63 S-1. The uncertainties represent 95% confidence intervals. The products of 2CP oxidation included CO, CO2, HCl, other chlorophenols, chlorohydroxybenzaldehydes, dichlorophenoxyphenols, dichlorobiphenols, and chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofuran. The molar yields of the organic products were determined for a set of experiments at 380°C and 278 atm. The most abundant products were 2CP dimers such as dichlorophenoxyphenols and dichlorobiphenols, and the highest yield observed for any individual product was 0.6%. Although the yields of these products were low, their selectivities were high. For example, at 3.6 s, the shortest residence time studied under these conditions, about 50% of the carbon in the 2CP that reacted appeared in 2CP dimers, 18% appeared as CO2, and the balance (32%) was presumably in single-ring and ring-opening products. A reaction pathway analysis using the Delplot methodology revealed that the evolution of products from 2CP oxidation in supercritical water was consistent with a reaction network comprising two parallel primary reactions. One primary reaction path led to dichlorophenoxyphenols and dichlorobiphenols whereas the second primary reaction led to single-ring and ring-opening products. The 2CP dimers were convereted to single-ring and ring-opening products, which were, in turn, ultimately oxidized to CO2.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390117
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  • 3
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    25 years of the impact-volcanic controversy - Is there anything new under the sun or inside the earth? (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The evidence for meteorite impact and internal volcanic processes (cryptovolcanism) as the cause of the K-T extinction and for cryptoexplosion structures is briefly reviewed. It is shown that numerous studies reinforce the view that shock-metamorphic features uniquely indicate shock pressure from 5 GPa to over 50 GPa, that no generally accepted shock-metamorphic features have been found in unquestioned volcanic structures, and that no internal process has been demonstrated to produce the required shock pressures. This history therefore supports an impact origin for both cryptoexplosion structures and the K-T event. Future discoveries required to make the cryptovolcanic theory a respectable alternative are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: EOS (ISSN 0096-3941); 71; 411-414
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D flow analysis of non-newtonian viscous fluids using “enriched” finite elements (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 1420-1430 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: ‘Enriched’ element, Q1+Po, and ‘standard’ element, Q1Po, are compared for the simulation of 3-dimensional flow of non-Newtonian fluids. Several 3-dimensional polymer flow problems are analyzed. The pressure field obtained by using Q1Po elements suffers from spurious pressure modes. For complex flows, depending upon the flow geometry and the boundary conditions used, Q1+Po elements may fall to simulate even the velocity field. Q1Po elements, which satisfy the Babuska-Brezzi condition, give accurate velocity and pressure distributions for all the problems analyzed here.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760302203
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D structure-property relationships in rolltruded polymers. Part II: Anisotropic yielding and deformation in triaxially oriented polymers (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 635-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Rolltrusion, a single step solid state deformation process, has been successfully applied to isotactic poly(propylene), iPP, to produce unique 3-D properties. Mechanical property enhancement not only occurs in the principal draw direction, but also in the transverse directions. A systematic series of standard (ASTM) tensile and compressive experiments were made on well oriented materials supporting this claim. Tensile testing was also performed on dumb-bell shaped specimens cut at various angles to the main deformation direction. A variety of observations were made during testing. Deformation bands, anisotropic yielding, and ductile-to-brittle behavior were observed. These results are presented along with a morphological model that has been developed to account for the behavior of these unique triaxially oriented polymers.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760301103
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  • 6
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    3-dimensional current collection model (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A three-dimensional, time dependent current collection model of a satellite has been developed for the TSS-1 system. The system has been simulated particularly for the Research of Plasma Electrodynamics (ROPE) experiment. The Maxwellian distributed particles with the geomagnetic field effects are applied in this numerical simulation. The preliminary results indicate that a ring current is observed surrounding the satellite in the equatorial plane. This ring current is found between the plasma sheath and the satellite surface and is oscillating with a time scale of approximately 1 microsec. This is equivalent to the electron plasma frequency. An hour glass shape of electron distribution was observed when the viewing direction is perpendicular to the equatorial plane. This result is consistent with previous findings from Linson (1969) and Antoniades et al. (1990). Electrons that are absorbed by the satellite are limited from the background ionosphere as indicated by Parker and Murphy (1967).
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-2988
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    371°C (700°F) properties of celion 6000/N-phenylnadimide modified pmr polyimide compositesPart of this work was performed under the auspice of the Polymer Composite Branch of the Materials Division, NASA-Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 14-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The 371°C (700°F) properties of Celion 6000/N-phenylnadimide modified PMR-15 polyimide composites were investigated to determine the feasibility of using these materials at a 371°C (700°F) service temperature. The processing characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of the composite systems are presented. The results of the 371°C thermooxidative stability study suggest that the composite materials can be considered for short-term (at least 100 hours) application at 371°C.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760310104
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  • 8
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    6.7 radio sky mapping from satellites at very low frequencies (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Wave Distribution Function (WDF) analysis is a procedure for making sky maps of the sources of natural electromagnetic waves in space plasmas, given local measurements of some or all of the three magnetic and three electric field components. The work that still needs to be done on this subject includes solving basic methodological problems, translating the solution into efficient algorithms, and embodying the algorithms in computer software. One important scientific use of WDF analysis is to identify the mode of origin of plasmaspheric hiss. Some of the data from the Japanese satellite Akebono (EXOS D) are likely to be suitable for this purpose.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: Environmental and space electromagnetics (A93-50826 21-46); p. 310-323.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A 12,000-year record of vertical deformation across the Yellowstone caldera margin: The shorelines of Yellowstone Lake (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The 600 ka Yellowstone caldera exhibits several signs of unrest, the most evident of which is historic ground deformation including both uplift and subsidence. We document deformation in the area of the southern caldera across approximately 12,000 years using the postglactic shoreline terraces of Yellowstone Lake. Raised shoreline elevations were interpreted from 230 leveling profiles surveyed across flights of terraces, with an accuracy of +/- 0.5 m. Of about 11 recognizable terraces, the five most continuous raised shorelines were correlated around the lake basin to reveal deformation patterns. Net deformation over the past approximatley 3 kyr has been dominantly up within the caldera interior and slightly down along the caldera rim, relative to the extracaldera region. This uplift is roughly similar to the historic pattern and may largely represent the effects of the most recent inflation episode. Subtraction of the total estimated magnitude of inflation in this epsiode suggests that the overall trend of postglacial deformation has been subsidence. The cause of this trend is undetermined but is most likely related to the effects of regional extension and long-term cooling within the Yellowstone caldera.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 99; B10; p. 20,079-20,094
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    A 2 1/2-dimensional magnetic field model of plasmoids (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The traditional 2D picture of plasmoid formation predicts the creation of closed loops, field lines closed on themselves, which are called magnetic islands. Examination of plasmoid formation in three dimensions led Hughes and Sibeck (1987) to the conclusion that a flux rope is formed instead of a magnetic island. A 2 1/2-dimensional flux rope model is here used to study the magnetic topology of plasmoids and examine the ability to distinguish between the two models using magnetometer data from a single satellite pass. Spacecraft data is simulated by sampling the magnetic field along a path through the model. The principal axis directions are strongly dependent on the path of a satellite through the structure. ISEE 3 magnetic field observations of plasmoids can be reproduced using a model of a flux rope with a significant axial component. It appears that principal axis analysis of magnetometer data of a single satellite pass is insufficient to differentiate between magnetic island and flux rope models, and can give misleading indications of the real axes of symmetry of the structure.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
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