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  • Books  (619)
  • T1-995
  • English  (619)
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  • Books  (619)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Radio communications in the range of 60 GHz enable multi-Gigabit/s network access in indoor environments. Due to the propagation characteristics of such signals only very short range radio transmission is feasible. In order to distribute these signals across large distances, analog transmission over optical fiber is considered. In this work, mode-locked laser diodes serve as optoelectronic oscillators for the generation of such signals. Their system-relevant properties are studied in detail.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; millimeter wave communications ; mode-locked lasers ; wireless personal area networks ; radio-over-fiber ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Ledizioni
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This report published by ISPI and the Brookings Institution analyzes the challenges to international order posed by the ongoing race for technological superiority. From artificial intelligence and quantum computing to hypersonic weapons and new forms of cyber and electronic warfare, advances in technology have threatened to make the international security environment more unpredictable and volatile – yet the international community remains unprepared to assess and manage that risk. What is needed is a mature understanding of how technology has emerged as a key enabler of sovereignty in the XXI century, how the ongoing race for technological supremacy is disrupting the balance of power globally, and what the attendant strategic and security implications of those transformations will be. This report is an effort to that end.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Non-Newtonian (non-linear) fluids are common in nature, for example, in mud and honey, but also in many chemical, biological, food, pharmaceutical, and personal care processing industries. This Special Issue of Fluids is dedicated to the recent advances in the mathematical and physical modeling of non-linear fluids with industrial applications, especially those concerned with CFD studies. These fluids include traditional non-Newtonian fluid models, electro- or magneto-rheological fluids, granular materials, slurries, drilling fluids, polymers, blood and other biofluids, mixtures of fluids and particles, etc.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Poiseuille–Couette flow ; membrane ; viscous fluid ; channel flow ; existence theorem ; yield stress ; hemoglobe capacitor ; creeping flows ; viscoplastic fluids ; projection method ; power-law fluid ; first- and second-order slip ; Mittag–Leffler ; lubrication ; viscoplastic fluid ; rupture ; convection ; Re numbers ; enhanced oil recovery (EOR) ; SPH-FEM ; Gamma densitometer ; oil recovery ; non-newtonian fluids ; marginal function ; particle interaction ; computational fluid dynamics ; non-isothermal flows ; suspensions ; Brinkman equation ; lubrication approximation (76A05 ; lid-driven cavity ; smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) ; 76D08 ; Phan-Thien–Tanner (PTT) model ; bubble suspension ; porous media ; non-equilibrium thermodynamics ; porous medium ; suspension viscosity ; hemoglobin ; convection-diffusion ; slug translational velocity ; closure relationship ; non-linear fluids ; wormlike micellar solutions (WMS) ; high viscosity oil ; viscoelastic surfactants (VES) ; 76A20) ; meshless ; Bingham fluid ; Reynolds equation ; generalised simplified PTT ; dense suspension ; chemical EOR (cEOR) ; buoyancy force ; viscosity ratio ; aspect ratio ; rheology ; lubrication approximation ; fluid-solid interaction (FSI) ; optimal control ; natural convection ; biofluids ; shear-dependent viscosity ; thermodynamic capacitor ; shear-thinning ; stokesian dynamics ; weak solution ; biological capacitor ; cement ; variable viscosity ; Couette flow ; pressure boundary conditions ; inhomogeneous fluids ; boundary control ; similarity transformation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The development of solid state gas sensors based on microtransducers and nanostructured sensing materials is the key point in the design of portable measurement systems able to reach sensing and identification performance comparable with analytical ones. In such a context several efforts must be spent of course in the development of the sensing material, but also in the choice of the transducer mechanism and its structure, in the electrical characterization of the performance and in the design of suitable measurement setups. This call for papers invites researchers worldwide to report about their novel results on the most recent advances and overview in design and measurements for applications in gas sensors, along with their relevant features and technological aspects. Original research papers are welcome (but not limited) on all aspects that focus on the most recent advances in: (i) basic principles and modeling of gas and VOCs sensors; (ii) new gas sensor principles and technologies; (iii) Characterization and measurements methodologies; (iv) transduction and sampling systems; (vi) package optimization; (vi) gas sensor based systems and applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; indium oxide ; n/a ; environmental monitoring ; semiconductor ; gas sensor ; packed gas chromatographic column ; ultrathin carbon layer ; metal-oxide-semiconductor array sensor ; halitosis ; laser ablation ; capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) ; LTCC side via ; MEMS ; indirect packaging ; gas sensing ; efficiency ; bad breath ; electrospray ; array optimization ; low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) ; electronic nose ; UV irradiation ; core/shell nanostructure ; combinatorial and high-throughput technique ; sensitive material ; hydrogen sulfide ; CO detection ; ZnO ; amperometric ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 5
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, a novel measurement system for the analysis of the gyrotron RF output spectrum was developed. It enables unprecedented time dependent measurements within a large bandwidth, dynamic range and unambiguous RF indication in the entire D-Band (110-170 GHz). Special attention was given to the investigation of parasitic RF oscillations, and the analysis of the interplay of thermal cavity expansion and ionization-based space charge neutralization at the start of long RF pulses.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; spectrum analysis ; Mikrowellenmesstechnik ; millimeter waves ; Gyrotron ; Spektralanalyse ; Millimeterwellen ; microwave measurement techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The aim of this work was to identify the patterns that can induce heating around implanted cardiac pacemakers during MRI and to develop strategies to counteract them. Two approaches were taken: computer simulations of the occurring electromagnetic field distributions and in-vitro experiments using phantoms in real MRI devices, both for conventional bore-hole and new open MRI systems. Using the open MRI, the observed heating could be reduced significantly.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; pacemaker ; MRI ; numerical field calculation ; biomedical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue covers symmetry and asymmetry phenomena occurring in real-life problems. We invited authors to submit their theoretical or experimental research presenting engineering and economic problem solution models dealing with the symmetry or asymmetry of different types of information. The issue gained interest in the research community and received many submissions. After rigorous scientific evaluation by editors and reviewers, nine papers were accepted and published. The authors proposed different MADM and MODM solution models as integrated tools to find a balance between the components of sustainable global development, to find a symmetry axis concerning goals, risks, and constraints to cope with the complicated problems. Most approaches suggested decision models under uncertainty, combining the usual decision-making methods with interval-valued fuzzy or rough sets theory, also Z numbers. The application fields of the proposed models involved both problems of technological sciences and social sciences. The papers cover three essential areas: engineering, economy, and management. We hope that a summary of the Special Issue as provided here will encourage a detailed analysis of the papers included in the Printed Edition.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; rough sets ; interval type-2 fuzzy set (IT2FS) ; resources distribution ; the criteria of the weights ; public management ; Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) ; multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; symmetry of the method ; quadcopter ; transaction cost ; full fuzzy environment ; dual generalized geometric Bonferroni mean (DGGBM) operator ; data logger ; information theory ; control system ; salvage value ; nonlinear dynamics ; pattern formation ; oscillations ; stability ; Pythagorean fuzzy set ; FAHP ; fuzzy sets ; group decision-making ; generalized Bonferroni mean (GBM) operator ; probabilistic systems analysis ; economic decisions ; 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers set (2TLNNSs) ; evaluating the quality of distant courses ; subjective weights ; Z-numbers ; green supplier selection ; dual generalized Bonferroni mean (DGBM) operator ; normal cloud ; thrust ; sensor ; neutrosophic numbers ; MCDM ; Bayes’ theorem ; optimal dividend ; logistics ; measurement ; hybrid MCDM ; combining the weights ; data envelopment analysis ; criteria weights ; multiple attribute decision making (MADM) ; IDOCRIW ; excess-of-loss reinsurance ; fuzzy efficiency ; multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; MCGDM ; transport ; backward cloud transformation ; engineering problems ; rough ARAS ; capital injection ; performance ; Bonferroni mean (BM) operator ; green supply chain management ; population sizes ; hybrid problem solution models ; criteria weight assessment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: In this work, the realization limits of an impulse-based Ultra-Wideband (UWB) localization system for indoor applications have been thoroughly investigated and verified by measurements. The analysis spans from the position calculation algorithms, through hardware realization and modeling, up to the localization experiments conducted in realistic scenarios. The main focus was put on identification and characterization of limiting factors as well as developing methods to overcome them.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; localization ; UWB ; transceiver ; positioning ; ultra-wideband ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The proliferation of powerful but cheap devices, together with the availability of a plethora of wireless technologies, has pushed for the spread of the Wireless Internet of Things (WIoT), which is typically much more heterogeneous, dynamic, and general-purpose if compared with the traditional IoT. The WIoT is characterized by the dynamic interaction of traditional infrastructure-side devices, e.g., sensors and actuators, provided by municipalities in Smart City infrastructures, and other portable and more opportunistic ones, such as mobile smartphones, opportunistically integrated to dynamically extend and enhance the WIoT environment. A key enabler of this vision is the advancement of software and middleware technologies in various mobile-related sectors, ranging from the effective synergic management of wireless communications to mobility/adaptivity support in operating systems and differentiated integration and management of devices with heterogeneous capabilities in middleware, from horizontal support to crowdsourcing in different application domains to dynamic offloading to cloud resources, only to mention a few. The book presents state-of-the-art contributions in the articulated WIoT area by providing novel insights about the development and adoption of middleware solutions to enable the WIoT vision in a wide spectrum of heterogeneous scenarios, ranging from industrial environments to educational devices. The presented solutions provide readers with differentiated point of views, by demonstrating how the WIoT vision can be applied to several aspects of our daily life in a pervasive manner.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; container ; fog computing ; virtual reality ; privacy and security ; software defined infrastructure ; intelligent medical service ; very long instruction word (VLIW) ; semantics ; privacy leakage detection ; context information ; post-copy ; ontology ; body area network ; DSP ; Internet-of-Things ; Mobile Device Management ; interoperability ; Android ; water consumption ; Processing-in-Memory ; performance analysis ; semantic ; mobility ; data management ; CRIU ; training simulator ; Industry 4.0 ; sensor networks ; experimental evaluation ; programming paradigm ; pre-copy ; microservice-oriented platform ; CubeSats ; middleware ; registry ; smart metering ; big data analytics ; nanosatellites ; medium access control ; Internet of Things ; heterogeneity ; web-of-things ; one-to-one computing educational program ; Web-of-Things ; internet of things ; instruction set extension ; microservices architecture ; migration ; behaviour ; wireless access networks ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The gas phase direct hydroxylation of benzene into phenol with hydrogen and oxygen, as initially described by Niwa in 2002, was realized in a newly developed double-membrane reactor. In the concept described by Niwa, a dense Pd membrane is used for the (safe) dosage of dissociated hydrogen species into the tubular reaction zone, where it reacts with gas phase oxygen to form surface species capable of directly converting benzene into phenol in a single-step process.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Pd-Membran ; Katalyse ; Phenol ; Benzol ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 11
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: High temperature superconducting (HTS) bulks and stacks of coated conductors can be magnetized to become trapped-field magnets that provide much stronger magnetic fields than those reachable with conventional permanent magnets. This work investigates the flux dynamics during the magnetization of HTS trapped-field magnets and proposes possible strategies to improve the trapped field produced by the pulsed field magnetization method that is promising for practical applications.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; trapped-field magnet ; Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter ; pulsed field magnetization ; High temperature superconductor ; Supraleiter mit eingeschlossenem Magnetfeld ; gepulste Feldmagnetisierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Research on radiation-tolerant electronics has increased rapidly over the past few years, resulting in many interesting approaches to modeling radiation effects and designing radiation-hardened integrated circuits and embedded systems. This research is strongly driven by the growing need for radiation-hardened electronics for space applications, high-energy physics experiments such as those on the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, and many terrestrial nuclear applications including nuclear energy and nuclear safety. With the progressive scaling of integrated circuit technologies and the growing complexity of electronic systems, their susceptibility to ionizing radiation has raised many exciting challenges, which are expected to drive research in the coming decade. In this book we highlight recent breakthroughs in the study of radiation effects in advanced semiconductor devices, as well as in high-performance analog, mixed signal, RF, and digital integrated circuits. We also focus on advances in embedded radiation hardening in both FPGA and microcontroller systems and apply radiation-hardened embedded systems for cryptography and image processing, targeting space applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TK1-9971 ; T1-995 ; single event effects ; n/a ; radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) ; frequency divider by two ; single event upset ; Image processing ; CMOS analog integrated circuits ; FPGA ; total ionizing dose (TID) ; Impulse Sensitive Function ; soft error ; hardening by design ; radiation hardening by design ; X-rays ; Single-Event Upsets (SEUs) ; line buffer ; heavy ions ; VHDL ; FPGA-based digital controller ; radiation hardening by design (RHBD) ; radiation hardening ; SRAM-based FPGA ; proton irradiation ; ring oscillator ; sensor readout IC ; fault tolerance ; space application ; physical unclonable function ; voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) ; Ring Oscillators ; analog single-event transient (ASET) ; single event opset (SEU) ; SEB ; single event upsets ; bipolar transistor ; total ionizing dose ; protons ; triple modular redundancy (TMR) ; gain degradation ; space electronics ; saturation effect ; configuration memory ; Co-60 gamma radiation ; total ionization dose (TID) ; frequency synthesizers ; CMOS ; PLL ; TDC ; single-event upsets (SEUs) ; bandgap voltage reference (BGR) ; 4MR ; single-shot ; error rates ; Radiation Hardening by Design ; soft errors ; heavy-ions ; single-event effects (SEE) ; single event transient (SET) ; SEE testing ; proton irradiation effects ; RFIC ; single event upset (SEU) ; FMR ; ionization ; radiation tolerant ; triplex–duplex ; neutron irradiation effects ; digital integrated circuits ; single event gate rupture (SEGR) ; power MOSFETs ; ring-oscillator ; selective hardening ; voltage reference ; nuclear fusion ; TMR ; gamma-rays ; gamma ray ; instrumentation amplifier ; radiation effects ; reference circuits ; radiation-hardened ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Smart sensors are technologies designed to facilitate the monitoring operations. For instance, power consumption can be minimized through on-board processing and smart interrogation algorithms, and state detection enhanced through collaboration between sensor nodes. Applied to structural health monitoring, smart sensors are key enablers of sparse and dense sensor networks capable of monitoring full-scale structures and components. They are also critical in empowering operators with decision making capabilities. The objective of this Special Issue is to generate discussions on the latest advances in research on smart sensing technologies for structural health monitoring applications, with a focus on decision-enabling systems. This Special Issue covers a wide range of related topics such as innovative sensors and sensing technologies for crack, displacement, and sudden event monitoring, sensor optimization, and novel sensor data processing algorithms for damage and defect detection, operational modal analysis, and system identification of a wide variety of structures (bridges, transmission line towers, high-speed trains, masonry light houses, etc.).
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; NSGA-II ; wind force ; wavelet packet decomposition ; structural health monitoring ; amplitude spectrum ; environmental noise ; patch antenna ; damage identification ; event-triggered sensing ; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm ; high-speed train ; low-velocity impacts ; concrete structures ; sensors distribution optimization ; acceleration ; digital sampling moiré ; crack ; displacement sensor ; length effect ; FBG sensor array ; SHM ; space window ; Bayesian blind source separation ; feature selection ; stress detection ; wheel minor defect ; strain ; uniaxial stress measurement ; turbine ; impact identification ; helical antenna ; energy analysis of wavelet band ; strain wave ; time window ; structural steel members ; steel frame ; acoustoelastic effect ; demand-based nodes ; online wayside detection ; sensor ; bridge ; sensitivity ; acoustic emission ; bending stiffness ; wireless smart sensors ; distributed dense sensor network ; mapping construction ; data fusion ; fuzzy classification ; shear-wave birefringence ; normal mode ; piezoelectric wafer active sensors ; resonant frequency ; electromagnetic oscillation ; settlement ; sensor optimization ; modal frequencies ; perturbation theory ; feature extraction ; Virtual Distortion Method (VDM) ; reflective optical sensor ; fibre bundle ; smartphones ; crack identification ; active sensing ; test vehicle ; calibration ; stretching method ; model updating ; rotary ultrasonic array ; 2D crack growth ; data processing ; damage detection ; impactor stiffness ; tip clearance ; transmission tower ; phase spectrum ; concrete crack ; structural impact monitoring ; shaking table tests ; optical crack growth sensor ; steel strand ; passive sensing ; sudden event monitoring ; aero engine ; principal component analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Mobile robotics is a challenging field with great potential. It covers disciplines including electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science, cognitive science, and social science. It is essential to the design of automated robots, in combination with artificial intelligence, vision, and sensor technologies. Mobile robots are widely used for surveillance, guidance, transportation and entertainment tasks, as well as medical applications. This Special Issue intends to concentrate on recent developments concerning mobile robots and the research surrounding them to enhance studies on the fundamental problems observed in the robots. Various multidisciplinary approaches and integrative contributions including navigation, learning and adaptation, networked system, biologically inspired robots and cognitive methods are welcome contributions to this Special Issue, both from a research and an application perspective.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; similarity measure ; swarm-robotics ; drag-based system ; PID algorithm ; human–robot interaction ; behaviour dynamics ; state constraints ; fair optimisation ; micro mobile robot ; robot ; actuators ; high-gain observer ; turning model LIP ; space robot ; manipulation action sequences ; subgoal graphs ; remotely operated vehicle ; constrained motion ; joint limit avoidance ; curvilinear obstacle ; rehabilitation system ; stability criterion ; system design ; quad-tilt rotor ; iterative learning ; spiral curve ; cable detection ; SEA ; douglas–peuker polygonal approximation ; predictable trajectory planning ; ATEX ; obstacle avoidance system ; kinematic singularity ; collision avoidance ; biologically-inspired ; jumping robot ; differential wheeled robot ; design and modeling ; control efficacy ; robotics ; extremum-seeking ; object-oriented ; non-holonomic mobile robot ; magneto-rheological fluids ; rendezvous consensus ; altitude controller ; master-slave ; switching control ; deep reinforcement learning ; mechanism ; expansion logic strategy ; negative buoyancy ; action generation ; radial basis function neural networks ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; extend procedure ; glass façade cleaning robot ; convolutional neural network ; climbing robot ; micro air vehicle ; car-like kinematics ; variable speed ; machine learning ; dynamical model ; transportation ; geodesic ; unmanned surface vessel ; medical devices ; stopper ; extended state observer (ESO) ; high efficiency ; object mapping ; multi-objective optimization ; hybrid robot ; robot learning ; auto-tuning ; cable disturbance modeling ; manipulation planning ; pesticide application ; high-speed target ; sparse pose adjustment (SPA) ; service robot ; lumped parameter method ; Geometric Algebra ; dynamic coupling analysis ; Thau observer ; tri-tilt-rotor ; industrial robotic manipulator ; hardware-in-the-loop simulation ; robotic drilling ; muscle activities ; small size ; chameleon ; continuous hopping ; wall climbing robot ; hover mode ; 3D-SLAM ; curvature constraints ; PSO ; drilling end-effector ; Rodrigues parameters ; gait adaptation ; static environments ; position/force cooperative control ; snake-like robot ; shape-fitting ; powered exoskeleton ; input saturation ; kinematic identification ; methane ; human–machine interactive navigation ; q-learning ; path following ; hopping robot ; mobile manipulation ; high step-up ratio ; actuatorless ; monocular vision ; stability analysis ; compact driving unit ; snake robot ; non-holonomic robot ; curvature constraint ; phase-shifting ; dialytic elimination ; gesture recognition ; snake robots ; series elastic actuator ; flapping ; servo valve ; motion camouflage control ; biomimetic robot ; minimally invasive surgery robot ; centralized architecture ; trajectory planning ; computing time ; adaptive control law ; kinematics ; facial and gender recognition ; single actuator ; victim-detection ; shape memory alloys ; undiscovered sensor values ; discomfort ; Differential Evolution ; numerical evaluation ; quadruped robot ; coverage path planning ; localization ; MPC ; n/a ; fault diagnosis ; neural networks ; disturbance-rejection control ; sample gathering problem ; cart ; bio-inspired robot ; opposite angle-based exact cell decomposition ; optimization ; safety ; goal exchange ; hierarchical planning ; ocean current ; robot motion ; nonlinear differentiator ; mapping ; finite-time currents observer ; Newton iteration ; inverse kinematics ; deposition uniformity ; spatial pyramid pooling ; hierarchical path planning ; end effector ; head-raising ; fault recovery ; LOS ; path tracking ; non-inertial reference frame ; step climbing ; obstacle avoidance ; sliding mode control ; symmetrical adaptive variable impedance ; lane change ; quadcopter UAV ; singularity analysis ; biped mechanism ; fault-tolerant control ; dynamic neural networks ; mobile robots ; data association ; UAV ; enemy avoidance ; reinforcement learning ; grip optimization ; safety recovery mechanism ; exoskeleton ; dynamic environment ; uncertain environments ; hybrid bionic robot ; potential field ; robot navigation ; cleaning robot ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; non-singular fast-terminal sliding-mode control ; contact planning ; Lyapunov-like function ; piezoelectric actuator ; transition mode ; non-prehensile manipulation ; multiple mobile robots ; Tetris-inspired ; real-time action recognition ; integral line-of-sight ; topological map ; alpine ski ; target tracking ; closed-loop detection ; working efficiency ; mathematical modeling ; curve fitting ; force control ; biped robots ; NSGA-II ; mobile robot ; load carriage ; prescription map translation ; artificial fish swarm algorithm ; Q-networks ; self-reconfigurable robot ; G3-continuity ; autonomous vehicle ; loop closure detection ; excellent driver model ; robots ; graph representation ; regional growth ; target assignment ; evolutionary operators ; intelligent mobile robot ; motion sensor ; exploration ; droplets penetrability ; dynamic uncertainty ; simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) ; area decomposition ; multi-criteria decision making ; 4WS4WD vehicle ; biped climbing robots ; skiing robot ; ROS ; decision making ; smart materials ; centrifugal force ; missile control system ; formation of robots ; electro-rheological fluids ; pneumatics ; variable spray ; inertial measurement unit (IMU) ; Robot Operating System ; trajectory interpolation ; formation control ; immersion and invariance ; dragonfly ; parallel navigation ; harmonic potential field ; pallet transportation ; mobile robot navigation ; negative-buoyancy ; grip planning ; manipulator ; position control ; external disturbance ; legged robot ; passive skiing turn ; autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) ; gait cycle ; path planning ; sliding mode observer ; dynamic gait ; self-learning ; polyomino tiling theory ; coalmine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 15
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: At the 37th Prandtl memorial lecture on Regions of Viccous Flow, H.Oertel 1994 developed for the first time the stability theory of local perturbations in boundary layers and wake flows, as well as their practical application in the flow control of vehicle flows and the boundary layer of civil aircraft wings.This work presents how the stability theory concept of absolute instability has advanced and proven in practice in the last 15 years in terms of the efficient flow control.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Flow Control ; Fluid Mechanics ; Stability Theory ; Wake Flow ; Bundary Layer Transition ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue gathers research from different branches of science and engineering disciplines working on experiments and modelling of nanocomposites into one volume. The Guest Editor welcomes papers dedicated to experimental, computational, and theoretical aspects dealing with many important state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies regarding the synthesis, fabrication, characterization, properties, design, and applications, and both finite element analysis and molecular dynamic simulations, of nanocomposite materials and structures. Full papers covering novel topics, extending the frontiers of the science and technology of nanoreinforced composites are encouraged. Reviews covering topics of major interest will be also considered.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; ab initio ; critical yield strength ; carbon nanotube ; impact buckling ; elasticity ; molecular dynamics simulation ; magnetism ; coarse-grained model ; 3D fiber-metal laminates ; mechanical property ; interface ; nanocomposites ; interface force fields ; YN ; graphene/Fe composite ; cohesive element ; stability ; ScN ; delamination propagation ; interfaces ; graphene nanoplatelets ; nanoindentation ; pressure ; molecular dynamics ; piezoelectric property ; temperature effect ; Fe-Al ; hardness ; equivalent fiber ; disorder ; Fe3Al ; elastic modulus ; delamination buckling ; CNT agglomeration ; CNTs/epoxy nanocomposites ; boron nitride honeycomb ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Several in-depth studies have verified the positive impact of lean techniques on performance indicators in production environments. Studies performed on warehouse environments have partially confirmed this. This thesis helped to close the gap between the disparities in the level of evidence mentioned above. A study was conducted that included 16 warehouses in an observation group and 56 warehouses in a control group. These significant results help close the gap in the evidence.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Lean Management ; Lean Production ; schlanke Produktionssysteme ; Lager ; LogistikLean Management ; KPI ; Logistikzentren ; Lean Warehousing ; Logistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This work has arisen out of the strong demand for a superior power-added efficiency (PAE) of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) high-power amplifiers (HPAs) that are part of any advanced wireless multifunctional RF-system with limited prime energy. Different concepts and approaches on device and design level for PAE improvements are analyzed, e.g. structural and layout changes of the GaN transistor and advanced circuit design techniques for PAE improvements of GaN HEMT HPAs.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; MMIC design ; power amplifier ; AlGaN/GaN HEMT ; X-band ; power-added efficiency ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The bioeconomy initially focused on resource substitution, including the production of biomass from various resources; its conversion, fractionation, and processing by means of biotechnology; and chemistry and process engineering towards the production and marketing of food, feed, fuel, and fibre. Nevertheless, although resource substitution is still considered important, the emphasis has been recently shifted to the biotechnological innovation perspective of the bioeconomy, in terms that ensure environmental sustainability. It is estimated that around one-third of the food produced for human consumption is wasted throughout the world, posing not only a sustainability problem related to food security but also a significant environmental problem. Food waste streams, mainly derived from fruits and vegetables, cereals, oilseeds, meat, dairy, and fish processing, have unavoidably attracted the interest of the scientific community as an abundant reservoir of complex carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and functional compounds, which can be utilized as raw materials for added-value product formulations. This Special Issue focuses on innovative and emerging food and by-products processing methods for the sustainable transition to a bioeconomy era.
    Keywords: TP248.13-248.65 ; T1-995 ; ash content ; sorghum milling waste ; lipids ; compost ; oleic acid ; microbial oil ; bioprocess development ; glucoamylase ; fatty acid methyl esters ; oleaginous yeast ; integrated biorefineries ; biorefineries ; hydrophobic substrates ; food processing ; hydrophilicity ; biodiesel ; films ; biodegradability ; clarified butter sediment waste ; submerged fungal fermentation ; blood plasma protein powder ; Morchella ; hydrogels ; heat-induced gelation ; sustainability ; bacterial cellulose ; bioprocesses ; circular economy ; olive waste ; prebiotics ; Rhodosporidium toruloides ; carotenoids ; waste valorization ; glucosamine ; food-processing ; size exclusion chromatography (SEC) ; bioeconomy ; food waste valorization ; whey proteins ; arabinoxylan ; Ostwald ripening ; emulsion ; emulsifier ; food biotechnology ; drying method ; polysaccharides ; food packaging ; texture ; lactose esters ; morel mushrooms ; circular-economy ; solid state fermentation ; bioactive compounds ; edible films ; hydrolysis ; Aspergillus awamori ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is a collection of recent publications from researchers all over the globe in the broad area of high-voltage engineering. The presented research papers cover both experimental and simulation studies, with a focus on topics related to insulation monitoring using state-of-the-art sensors and advanced machine learning algorithms. Special attention was given in the Special Issue to partial discharge monitoring as one of the most important techniques in insulation condition assessment. Moreover, this Special Issue contains several articles which focus on different modeling techniques that help researchers to better evaluate the condition of insulation systems. Different power system assets are addressed in this book, including transformers, outdoor insulators, underground cables, and gas-insulated substations.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; artificial neural network ; simulation ; high-frequency ; artificial flashover tests ; wide bandgap power modules ; tracking ; electrical field strength ; fast-rise square wave voltages ; FDTD simulation ; cable joint ; corona discharge ; feature selection ; post insulator ; earthing systems ; wind speed ; surface discharge ; oil/paper insulation ; oil-paper insulation ; high-magnitude currents and impulse polarity ; UFVM ; Tettex 9520 ; electrical tree ; flashover characteristics ; composite insulator ; partial discharge ; numerical modeling ; saline mechanism ; thermal parameters ; space charge density ; seasonal ; ion flow field ; denoising ; DDX 9121b ; temperature ; transformer asset management ; cavity discharge ; space/interface charge ; insulation health index ; heat transfer model ; leakage current ; machine learning ; partial discharges (PD) ; RF signal ; flashover ; high impulse conditions ; grounding electrodes ; generalized finite difference time domain ; curve fitting ; grounding ; plasma discharge ; outdoor insulators ; flashover dynamic model ; wavelet transform ; degradation ; thermal properties ; bipolar charge transport model ; UHF sensor ; cable ; random walk theory ; tracking test setup ; GIL ; pressure ; modelling ; non-uniform pollution between windward and leeward sides ; calibrator ; secondary arc ; polymeric insulation ; optical-UHF integrated detection ; shoreline ; dry band arcing ; photoelectric fusion pattern ; DDX 8003 ; XLPE ; silicone gel ; partial discharge modeling ; electric field analysis ; NSCT ; electrode’s geometry ; gas ; Comsol Multiphysics ; fast-impulses ; laying modes ; ageing ; cable ampacity ; residual resistance formulation ; finite element analysis ; thermal effect ; hydrophobicity ; soil resistivity ; charge simulation method ; short-circuit discharge ; dry band formation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Energy systems worldwide are undergoing major transformation as a consequence of the transition towards the widespread use of clean and sustainable energy sources. Basically, this involves massive changes in technical and organizational levels together with tremendous technological upgrades in different sectors ranging from energy generation and transmission systems down to distribution systems. These actions generate huge science and engineering challenges and demands for expert knowledge in the field to create solutions for a sustainable energy system that is economically, environmentally, and socially viable while meeting high security requirements. This book covers these promising and dynamic areas of research and development, and presents contributions in sustainable energy systems planning, integration, and management. Moreover, the book elaborates on a variety of topics, ranging from design and planning of small- to large-scale energy systems to the operation and control of energy networks in different sectors, namely electricity, heat, ?and transport.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; Romanian coastal environment ; neural networks ; intermittent heating ; wind velocities ; time-space network ; optimal chiller loading (OCL) ; renewable energy ; pure electric buses ; mixed-integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP) ; control system ; FANP ; energy consumption ; load regulation ; energy ; smart box ; novel method ; smart logistics system ; multiple uncertainties ; non-intrusive load monitoring ; wind speed forecasting ; solid waste to energy plant ; uncertain cooling demand ; dual robust optimization ; Black Sea ; field test and numerical simulation ; electric power ; sustainable development ; multi-type bus operating organization ; cuckoo search algorithm ; vehicular emissions ; SWAN ; public transport ; product quality model ; MCDM ; TOPSIS ; heat transfer ; solar energy ; forecasting validity ; information gap decision theory (IGDT) ; photovoltaic systems ; configurations of internal wall ; ensemble empirical mode decomposition ; agricultural pruning ; hot summer and cold winter climate zone ; energy and environmental systems ; feature extraction ; information platform ; pruning biomass ; smart grid ; product usability testing ; meteorological variables ; fuzzy logic ; performance evaluation ; rural residential building ; threshold value of daily operation hours ; datacenter ; wave energy ; thermal comfort ; heat storage and release ; resampling ; risk aversion ; environment ; support vector machine ; internal coverings ; numerical models ; gradient descent ; renewable biomass energy ; demand response ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Unconventional reservoirs are usually complex and highly heterogeneous, such as shale, coal, and tight sandstone reservoirs. The strong physical and chemical interactions between fluids and pore surfaces lead to the inapplicability of conventional approaches for characterizing fluid flow in these low-porosity and ultralow-permeability reservoir systems. Therefore, new theories and techniques are urgently needed to characterize petrophysical properties, fluid transport, and their relationships at multiple scales for improving production efficiency from unconventional reservoirs. This book presents fundamental innovations gathered from 21 recent works on novel applications of new techniques and theories in unconventional reservoirs, covering the fields of petrophysical characterization, hydraulic fracturing, fluid transport physics, enhanced oil recovery, and geothermal energy. Clearly, the research covered in this book is helpful to understand and master the latest techniques and theories for unconventional reservoirs, which have important practical significance for the economic and effective development of unconventional oil and gas resources.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; shale gas ; permeability ; prediction by NMR logs ; matrix–fracture interaction ; faults ; remaining oil distributions ; unconventional reservoirs ; coal deformation ; reservoir depletion ; carbonate reservoir ; nanopore ; fracturing fluid ; pseudo-potential model ; shale reservoirs ; matrix-fracture interactions ; multi-scale fracture ; succession pseudo-steady state (SPSS) method ; fluid transport physics ; integrated methods ; chelating agent ; dissolved gas ; non-equilibrium permeability ; effective stress ; fractal ; fracture network ; spontaneous imbibition ; tight oil ; porous media ; 0-1 programming ; the average flow velocity ; geothermal water ; micro-fracture ; pore types ; pore network model ; petrophysical characterization ; nitrogen adsorption ; analysis of influencing factors ; mudstone ; rheology ; velocity profile ; shale permeability ; flow resistance ; global effect ; tight sandstones ; fractal dimension ; contact angle ; temperature-resistance ; fractured well transient productivity ; reservoir classifications ; deep circulation groundwater ; viscosity ; NMR ; fractional diffusion ; lattice Boltzmann method ; multiporosity and multiscale ; fractal geometry ; imbibition front ; productivity contribution degree of multimedium ; wetting angle ; pH of formation water ; enhanced oil recovery ; isotopes ; tight sandstone ; fracture diversion ; shale ; SRV-fractured horizontal well ; low-salinity water flooding ; shale gas reservoir ; tight reservoirs ; fracture continuum method ; tight oil reservoir ; Lucaogou Formation ; hydraulic fracturing ; clean fracturing fluid ; recovery factor ; flow regimes ; local effect ; complex fracture network ; pore structure ; gas adsorption capacity ; polymer ; non-linear flow ; conformable derivative ; production simulation ; analytical model ; enhanced geothermal system ; multi-scale flow ; experimental evaluation ; extended finite element method ; fluid-solid interaction ; groundwater flow ; well-placement optimization ; thickener ; imbibition recovery ; equilibrium permeability ; slip length ; large density ratio ; clay mineral composition ; finite volume method ; volume fracturing ; influential factors ; sulfonate gemini surfactant ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Recently, new wide-band energy gap semiconductors can be grown by ALD, PLD, sputtering, or MOCVD. They have great potential for the fabrication and application to TFTs. Inorganic semiconductors have good stability against environmental degradation over their organic counterparts, whereas organic materials are usually flexible, transparent, and when solution-processed at low temperatures, are prone to degradation when exposed to heat, moisture, and oxygen. For this Special Issue, we invited researchers to submit papers discussing the development of new functional and smart materials, and inorganic as well as organic semiconductor materials, such as ZnO, InZnO, GaO, AlGaO, AnGaO, AlN/GaN, conducting polymers, molecular semiconductors, perovskite-based materials, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes/polymer composites, and 2D materials (e.g., graphene, MoS2) and their potential applications in display drivers, radio frequency identification tags, e-paper, gas, chemical and biosensors, to name but a few.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; TK1-9971 ; T1-995 ; charge transport and injection mechanisms ; optical synaptic devices ; flat panel displays ; simulation ; persistent photoconductivity ; hydrogen ; interdigitated ; interface state trap density ; technology computer aided design (TCAD) ; oxygen defects ; Corbino ; transistor model evaluation ; metal-halide lamp ; InGaZnOx ; contact resistances ; chemical treatment ; colour difference ; organic transistor ; equivalent circuit ; channel-length dependence ; just noticeable difference ; oxide semiconductor ; OTFT ; chromaticity ; modeling contact effects ; oxygen deficiency ; dual-threshold inverter ; surface treated ; charge-carrier-mobility extraction ; optical detecting ; thin film transistor ; green ; photo-sensors ; modelling ; capacitor ; TFT-LCD ; organic thin-film transistor ; spectrum ; hydrogen effect ; organic film growth ; transparent conducting oxides ; quartz-halogen lamp ; optical ; blue LED ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 24
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work presents two image-based inspection approaches for the quality evaluation of cylinder bore surfaces. In the first algorithm, metal folds on plateau-honed surfaces are inspected with scanning electron microscopy. An edge-aware structure tensor is proposed for feature extraction and localization of surface defects. The second algorithm uses a morphgraphical method for detecting graphite grains in optical micrographs. Based on the inspection results, quality parameters are proposed.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; image processing ; Bildverarbeitung ; Kantendetektion ; Mikrographhoning ; micrograph ; automated vision inspection ; Honung ; edge detection ; Automatische Sichtprüfung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 25
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue covers a wide range of areas—including building orientation, service life, use of photocatalytically active structures and PV facades, implications of transportation system, building types (i.e., high rise, multilevel, commercial, residential), life cycle assessment, and structural engineering—that need to be considered in the environmental impact assessment of buildings, and the chapters include case studies across the globe. Consideration of these strategies would help reduce energy and material consumption, environmental emissions, and waste generation associated with all phases of a building’s life cycle. Chapter 1 demonstrates that green star concrete exhibits the same structural properties as conventional concrete in Australia. Chapter 2 showed that the use of TiO2 as a photocatalyst on the surface of construction materials with a suitable stable binding agent, such as aggregates, would enable building walls to absorb NOx from air. This study found that TiO2 has the potential to reduce ambient concentrations of NOx from areas where this pollutant becomes concentrated under solar irradiation. Chapter 3 presents the life cycle assessment of architecturally integrated glass–glass photovoltaics in building facades to find the appropriate material composition for a multicolored PV façade offering improved environmental performance. Chapter 4 shows that urban office buildings lacking appropriate orientation experienced indoor overheating. Chapter 5 details four modeling approaches that were implemented to estimate buildings’ response towards load shedding. Chapter 6 covers the life cycle GHG emissions of high-rise residential housing block to discover opportunities for environmental improvement. Chapter 7 discusses an LCA framework that took into account variation in the service life of buildings associated with the use of different types of materials. Chapter 8 presents a useful data mining algorithm to conduct life cycle asset management in residential developments built on transport systems.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; wash water ; greenhouse gases ; environmental life cycle assessment ; sustainable-development ; transit-policy ; public-engagement ; Multilevel buildings ; building integrated photovoltaic ; slag ; operational energy ; life-cycle social analysis ; building ; travel-satisfaction ; TEASER ; BIPV ; photocatalytic construction materials ; functionalized aggregate ; green star concrete ; work-commute ; shallow plan forms ; life cycle assessment ; recycled aggregate ; environmental remediation ; block of buildings ; rain cladding ; LCA ; sustainability ; peak shaving ; residential building ; indoor overheating ; LCI ; air pollution ; environmental performance ; service life ; nitric oxides ; thermal model ; coloured glass ; demand response ; modal-variability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Fracture of storage particles is considered to be one of the major reasons for capacity fade and increasing power loss in Li-ion batteries. In this work, we tackle the problem by merging a coupled model of mechanical stress and diffusion of Li-ions with a phase field description of an evolving crack. The novel approach allows us to study the evolution of the Li concentration together with the initiation and growth of a crack in an arbitrary geometry and without presuming a specific crack path.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Lithium-Diffusion ; Lithium-Ionen-BatterienCrack Growth ; Storage Particles ; Risswachstum ; Phasefield ; Li-Diffusion ; Phasenfeld ; Li-Ion-Batteries ; Speicherpartikel ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: By the late 1940s, and since then, the continuous development of dislocation theories have provided the basis for correlating the macroscopic time-dependent deformation of metals and alloys—known as creep—to the time-dependent processes taking place within the metals and alloys. High-temperature deformation and stress relaxation effects have also been explained and modeled on similar bases. The knowledge of high-temperature deformation as well as its modeling in conventional or unconventional situations is becoming clearer year by year, with new contemporary and better performing high-temperature materials being constantly produced and investigated.This book includes recent contributions covering relevant topics and materials in the field in an innovative way. In the first section, contributions are related to the general description of creep deformation, damage, and ductility, while in the second section, innovative testing techniques of creep deformation are presented. The third section deals with creep in the presence of complex loading/temperature changes and environmental effects, while the last section focuses on material microstructure–creep correlations for specific material classes. The quality and potential of specific materials and microstructures, testing conditions, and modeling as addressed by specific contributions will surely inspire scientists and technicians in their own innovative approaches and studies on creep and high-temperature deformation.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TN1-997 ; Larson–Miller parameter ; n/a ; visualization ; bond coat ; hydrogen ; poly-crystal ; Gibbs free energy principle ; constitutive equations ; creep damage ; DFT ; finite element method ; austenitic stainless steel ; strain rate sensitivity ; MCrAlY ; excess volume ; superalloy ; scanning electron microscopy ; creep buckling ; dislocation dynamics ; creep ; elevated temperature ; modelling ; size effect ; residual stress ; superalloy VAT 32 ; water vapor ; activation energy ; small angle neutron scattering ; superalloy VAT 36 ; metallic glass ; iron aluminides ; Gr.91 ; internal stress ; relaxation fatigue ; multiaxiality ; creep grain boundary ; grain boundary cavitation ; cavitation ; solute atom ; stress exponent ; external pressure ; P92 ; TMA ; low cycle fatigue ; nanoindentation ; high temperature ; FEM ; intrinsic ductility ; normalizing ; creep ductility ; creep rupture mechanism ; microstructural features ; simulate HAZ ; P92 steel ; glide ; ferritic–martensitic steel ; creep rupture ; cyclic softening ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: With increasing power levels and power densities in electronics systems, thermal issues are becoming more and more critical. The elevated temperatures result in changing electrical system parameters, changing the operation of devices, and sometimes even the destruction of devices. To prevent this, the thermal behavior has to be considered in the design phase. This can be done with thermal end electro-thermal design and simulation tools. This Special Issue of Energies, edited by two well-known experts of the field, Prof. Marta Rencz, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, and by Prof. Lorenzo Codecasa, Politecnico di Milano, collects twelve papers carefully selected for the representation of the latest results in thermal and electro-thermal system simulation. These contributions present a good survey of the latest results in one of the most topical areas in the field of electronics: The thermal and electro-thermal simulation of electronic components and systems. Several papers of this issue are extended versions of papers presented at the THERMINIC 2018 Workshop, held in Stockholm in the fall of 2018. The papers presented here deal with modeling and simulation of state-of-the-art applications that are highly critical from the thermal point of view, and around which there is great research activity in both industry and academia. Contributions covered the thermal simulation of electronic packages, electro-thermal advanced modeling in power electronics, multi-physics modeling and simulation of LEDs, and the characterization of interface materials, among other subjects.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; thermal interface material ; thermal aging ; modeling ; LED compact thermal models ; niobium pentoxide ; model-order reduction ; ferromagnetic cores ; LED digital twin ; Cauer RC ladder ; in-situ characterization ; electronic packages ; time domain thermoreflectance ; multi-domain compact model ; power LEDs ; DC–DC converters ; structure function ; boundary condition independent ; electric aircraft ; multi-LED ; modelling ; light emitting diodes ; thin film ; JEDEC metrics ; tool agnostic ; power losses ; switching ; dynamic thermal compact model ; thermal transient testing ; reliability ; thermal transient analysis ; thermal simulation ; non-destructive testing ; IGBT ; carbon nanotubes ; compact thermal model ; power semiconductor devices ; SPICE ; phosphor light conversion ; thermal management ; LED luminaire design ; design flow ; thermal characterization ; motor cooling ; thermal phenomena ; silicone dome ; LED ; secondary heat path ; multi-domain modelling ; heating and optical power ; transient analysis ; thermal testability ; thermal conductivity ; multiple heat source ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 29
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book presents an interesting sample of the latest advances in optimization techniques applied to electrical power engineering. It covers a variety of topics from various fields, ranging from classical optimization such as Linear and Nonlinear Programming and Integer and Mixed-Integer Programming to the most modern methods based on bio-inspired metaheuristics. The featured papers invite readers to delve further into emerging optimization techniques and their real application to case studies such as conventional and renewable energy generation, distributed generation, transport and distribution of electrical energy, electrical machines and power electronics, network optimization, intelligent systems, advances in electric mobility, etc.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; Stackelberg game ; MILP ; optimal congestion threshold ; magnetic field mitigation ; simulation ; multi-objective particle swarm optimization ; virtual power plant ; internal defect ; day-ahead load forecasting ; neural network ; modular predictor ; multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm ; stochastic optimization ; dragonfly algorithm ; unit commitment ; metaheuristic ; multi-population method (MP) ; optimization ; tabu search ; considerable decomposition ; loss minimization ; active distribution system ; islanded microgrid ; dynamic solving framework ; feature selection ; electric energy costs ; power factor compensation ; dependability ; interactive load ; overhead ; energy internet ; evolutionary computation ; wind power ; developed grew wolf optimizer ; underground ; ETAP ; fuzzy algorithm ; electric vehicles ; Schwarz’s equation ; evolutionary algorithms ; electric power contracts ; congestion management ; optimizing-scenarios method ; building energy management system ; particle encoding method ; ringdown detection ; HOMER software ; DC optimal power flow ; prosumer ; constrained parameter estimation ; distributed generations (DGs) ; strong track filter (STF) ; transient stability ; calibration ; cost minimization ; radiance ; decentralized and collaborative optimization ; hybrid renewable energy system ; renewable energy sources ; rural electrification ; distribution network reconfiguration ; interval variables ; optimization methods ; particle swarm optimization ; hierarchical scheduling ; micro grid ; AC/DC hybrid active distribution ; consensus ; artificial bee colony ; CCHP system ; data center ; support vector machine ; affinity propagation clustering ; extended Kalman filter ; affine arithmetic ; linear discriminant analysis (LDA) ; current margins ; heterogeneous networks ; Cameroon ; hybrid method ; distributed heat-electricity energy management ; discrete wind driven optimization ; fitness function ; cross-entropy ; GenOpt ; wind energy ; demand uncertainty ; UC ; off-design performance ; genetic algorithm ; energy storage ; the biomimetic membrane computing ; power system optimization ; electric vehicle ; power architectures ; economic load dispatch problem (ELD) ; runner-root algorithm (RRA) ; Cable joint ; battery energy storage system ; load curtailment ; integration assessment ; power system unit commitment ; artificial lighting ; power flow ; hybrid membrane computing ; two-point estimation method ; low-voltage networks ; demand bidding ; non-sinusoidal circuits ; energy flow model ; power transfer distribution factors ; sustainability ; HVAC system ; voltage deviation ; street light points ; radial basis function ; energy storage system ; charging/discharging ; power systems ; intelligent scatter search ; MV/LV substation ; optimal power flow ; stochastic state estimation ; eight searching sub-regions ; chaos optimization algorithm (COA) ; mutual information theory ; inter-turn shorted-circuit fault (ISCF) ; C&I particle swarm optimization ; multiobjective optimization ; passive shielding ; sub-Saharan Africa ; micro-phasor measurement unit ; geometric algebra ; bio-inspired algorithms ; adaptive consensus algorithm ; energy management ; PCS efficiency ; multi-stakeholders ; generalized generation distribution factors ; the genetic algorithm based P system ; JAYA algorithm ; thermal probability density ; power optimization ; pumped-hydro energy storage ; smart grid ; two-stage feature selection ; piecewise linear techniques ; photovoltaic ; SOCP relaxations ; switched reluctance machine (SRM) ; optimal reactive power dispatch ; optimal operation ; controllable response ; off-grid ; active shielding ; transformer-fault diagnosis ; IEEE Std. 80-2000 ; principal component analysis ; demand response ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 30
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Structural mechanics is an important field of engineering. The main goal of structural mechanics is to ensure that structures are safe and durable so that catastrophic situations can be prevented, which can otherwise cause loss of life, environmental pollution and financial losses. Depending on the uses of the structure and the conditions that the structure is subjected to, special treatment may be required for the analysis. Specifically, marine structures are subjected to harsh environmental conditions due to the marine environment, which can cause several different damage mechanisms including fatigue and corrosion. This book on “Marine structures” considers a wide range of areas related to marine structures and provides a compilation of numerical and experimental studies related to “Marine structures” research.
    Keywords: TC1501-1800 ; TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; shock loads ; n/a ; jacket structures ; protective device ; tripod support structures ; soil-pile-structure interaction ; acoustic metamaterials ; semi-active ; jacket platform ; solitons ; waves ; biofouling ; seawater piping systems ; motion response ; earthquake ; low-frequency sound ; failure mechanism ; free-surface flow ; depressed bottom ; performance prediction ; acoustic band gap ; marine growth ; uncoupled analysis ; towing resistance ; viscous fluid flow ; ice-induced vibration ; superelement ; anti-collision assessment ; peridynamics ; steel ; integrated numerical model ; fairlead position ; reliability ; cross-flow ; coupled analysis ; morphology evolution ; composites ; tuned mass damper ; towing method ; wave loading ; vortex-induced vibration ; coastal protection structures ; structural control ; vortical flow ; critical mass ratio ; flexible pipe ; stochastic modeling ; offshore wind turbine ; hydrodynamics ; high pressure ; offshore integrated meteorological mast (OIMM) ; ice-resistant cone ; sediment transport ; offshore wind ; thermomechanical ; corrosion detection
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  • 31
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue on Antimicrobial Resistance in Environmental Waters features 11 articles on the monitoring and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in natural aquatic systems (i.e., reservoirs, rivers), and effluent discharge from water treatment plants to assess the effectiveness of AMR removal and resulting loads in treated waters. Some of the key elements of AMR studies presented in this Special Issue highlight the underlying drivers of AMR contamination in the environment and the evaluation of the hazard imposed on aquatic organisms in receiving environments through ecological risk assessments. As described in this Issue, screening antimicrobial peptide (AMP) libraries for biofilm disruption and antimicrobial candidates are promising avenues for the development of new treatment options to eradicate resistance.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; risk assessment ; reuse water ; Acinetobacter junii ; Escherichia coli ; co-occurrence pattern ; EPS ; wastewater treatment plant ; UV-disinfection ; biofilm ; estuary reservoir ; Environmental Waters ; antibiotic resistance genes ; antimicrobial peptide (AMP) ; wastewater ; tertiary media filtration ; Psl ; antibiotic-resistant strains ; drinking water treatment plants ; water ; sediment ; surface water ; gastrointestinal infections ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; metal resistance genes ; metagenomics ; water reuse ; bacterial community ; antibiotics ; ERIC-PCR ; river-reservoir system ; the Yellow River ; ecological risk assessment ; aquatic environment ; wastewater treatment ; sand settling reservoirs ; antibiotic resistance gene ; environmental ecology ; antibiotic resistance ; ESBL ; water treatment plants ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; chlorination ; irrigation water ; exopolysaccharide ; fecal indicator bacteria ; Antimicrobial Resistance ; persistence ; Qingcaosha reservoir ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 32
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: We study the potential of the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform for integrated optics. The unique properties of selected organic materials are added to silicon devices made with CMOS-based processes. We investigate the feasibility of this approach by making prototypes of key components in form of photonic integrated circuits: SOH lasers and SOH modulators are designed, fabricated, post-processed, and characterized. Application scenarios are identified.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; CMOS ; Modulator ; laser ; modulator ; Silizium-Photonik ; Laser ; Detektor ; CMOSsilicon photonics ; detector ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 33
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: As computer and space technologies have been developed, geoscience information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technologies, which deal with the geospatial information, have been rapidly maturing. Moreover, over the last few decades, machine learning techniques including artificial neural network (ANN), deep learning, decision tree, and support vector machine (SVM) have been successfully applied to geospatial science and engineering research fields. The machine learning techniques have been widely applied to GIS and RS research fields and have recently produced valuable results in the areas of geoscience, environment, natural hazards, and natural resources. This book is a collection representing novel contributions detailing machine learning techniques as applied to geoscience information systems and remote sensing.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; sport games ; compensatory eating ; breath test ; exercise-induced anorexia ; Fitbit ; nutrition education ; senescence ; body weight ; sport nutrition ; fitness ; long-term follow-up ; self-efficacy ; protein ; food consumption ; cytokines ; physical exercise ; cardiometabolic health ; mediation analyses ; obesity ; food choice ; telomere length ; sporting events ; carbohydrates ; free radicals ; marathon ; adolescents ; movement skills ; naturally enriched 13C-milk proteins ; behavioral intervention ; acute exercise ; skeletal muscle damage ; Protein ; TERRA ; nutrition ; telemonitoring ; Latino ; adolescent ; macronutrients ; metabolism ; mechanisms of impact ; anabolic competence ; endurance exercise ; food healthiness ; exercise ; health promotion ; behavioral economics ; immunity ; stunting ; lifestyle intervention ; running ; telomerase ; dietary intake ; inflammation ; vegetarian ; recreational athlete ; physical performance ; out-of-home eating ; diet ; overweight ; dietary restriction ; soccer ; dual burden of malnutrition ; protein shake ; childhood memories ; chronic diseases ; music events ; oxidation ; added sugar ; lifestyle change ; vegan ; nudges ; food ; physical activity ; half-marathon ; health conscious ; free or reduced lunch ; low-income ; diet quality ; National School Lunch Program ; older adults ; aging ; sport spectators ; chronic low-grade systemic inflammation ; sport ; food intake ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: In this book, stagnation flows on a catalytic porous plate is modeled one-dimensionally coupled with multi-step surface reaction mechanisms and molecular transport (diffusion and conduction) in the flow field and in the porous catalyst. Internal and external mass transfer limitations as well as possible reaction routes in the catalyst are investigated for CO oxidation, WGS reaction, partial and steam reforming of methane over Rh/Al?O?.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Heterogeneous catalysis ; Stofftransportlimitierungen ; Reaktion-DiffusionStagnation-flow reactor ; Staupunktreaktor ; Reaction-Diffusion ; Heterogenen Katalyse ; External and internal mass transfer limitation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 35
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) has become one of the most widespread technologies for spatial light modulation in optics and photonics applications. These reflective microdisplays are composed of a high-performance silicon complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) backplane, which controls the light-modulating properties of the liquid crystal layer. State-of-the-art LCoS microdisplays may exhibit a very small pixel pitch (below 4 ?m), a very large number of pixels (resolutions larger than 4K), and high fill factors (larger than 90%). They modulate illumination sources covering the UV, visible, and far IR. LCoS are used not only as displays but also as polarization, amplitude, and phase-only spatial light modulators, where they achieve full phase modulation. Due to their excellent modulating properties and high degree of flexibility, they are found in all sorts of spatial light modulation applications, such as in LCOS-based display systems for augmented and virtual reality, true holographic displays, digital holography, diffractive optical elements, superresolution optical systems, beam-steering devices, holographic optical traps, and quantum optical computing. In order to fulfil the requirements in this extensive range of applications, specific models and characterization techniques are proposed. These devices may exhibit a number of degradation effects such as interpixel cross-talk and fringing field, and time flicker, which may also depend on the analog or digital backplane of the corresponding LCoS device. The use of appropriate characterization and compensation techniques is then necessary.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; aberration compensation ; holographic and volume memories ; achromatic lens ; head-up displays ; phase characterization ; holographic display ; spatial resolution ; spatial light modulator ; zoom lens ; soliton ; transmission matrix ; head-mounted displays ; diffraction ; parallel-aligned ; liquid-crystal on silicon ; phase measurement ; multimode fiber ; digital holography ; chromatic aberration ; multiorder diffractive lens ; holography ; phase accuracy ; interference ; computer generated hologram ; optical manipulation ; speckle suppression ; phase modulation ; transparent mode ; light scattering ; ferroelectric ; phase change ; liquid-crystal-on-silicon ; imaging systems ; Liquid Crystal on Silicon display ; diffractive optical element ; liquid crystals ; spatially anamorphic phenomenon ; calibration ; head-up display ; helix-free ; phase precision and stability ; kinoform ; spatial light modulators ; photopolymer ; diffractive optics ; mode division multiplexing ; liquid crystal on silicon device ; augmented reality displays ; holographic data storage ; liquid crystal spatial light modulator ; harmonic lens ; fringing field effect ; liquid crystal ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 36
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The extraction of apatite minerals is becoming more and more crucial with the depletion of high-grade ores. At the same time, many streams of waste are continuously being produced by the phosphate industry, including calcareous and siliceous waste rocks, clayey sludge and phosphogypsum. These waste products are produced in huge volumes reaching a ratio of between 5 to 10 tons of waste per each ton of concentrated phosphate. The management of these waste products is becoming a real issue in terms of growing public awareness and environmental and financial aspects. In addition, phosphate ores are known to contain other critical raw materials (CRM) such as rare earth elements and uranium. The recovery of these vital elements from phosphate waste may help to develop the needs of the green energy of the future and contribute to the achievement of the sustainable development goals. In this Special Issue, insights related to the following aspects were studied: phosphate extraction and beneficiation, novel phosphate ores, the fine characterization of phosphate ores and waste, phosphoric acid production, critical raw material (CRM) recovery from phosphate ores and waste, reprocessing of phosphate wastes and finally the valorization and reuse of phosphate waste and phosphogypsum.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TN1-997 ; n/a ; valorization ; ceramic membrane ; general industrial solid waste ; cemented paste backfill ; cemented phosphogypsum backfill ; unconfined compressive strength ; mineralogy ; froth flotation ; silicate-carbonate gangue ; geochemical characteristic ; activity concentration ; building materials ; valuable elements ; upgrading ; radiological influence ; durability ; phosphogypsum ; phosphate ore processing ; low-grade phosphate ; industrial waste ; phosphogypsum (PG) ; filtration ; civil engineering ; comprehensive utilization ; phosphorite ; flotation ; REE recovery ; phosphate mine waste rocks ; Gafsa-Metlaoui Basin ; acid extraction ; rare earth elements ; drying-wetting cycles ; column flotation ; slimes ; collector ; phosphate mine tailings ; apatite ; purification ; REE-bearing phases ; weathered ore ; water washing ; depressant ; environment behavior ; experimental design ; interfering ions ; technological mineralogy ; red mud ; rare earth elements (REEs) ; waste management ; phosphate ore ; waste recycle ; natural radioactivity ; natural aggregates ; phosphate ; beneficiation ; beneficiation tailings ; road techniques wet process ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This work investigates the capability of the high-temperature superconductor YBCO to sense the evolution of the electrical field of THz pulses. A deposition process for ten unit-cell thin films and a sub-µm patterning process were developed to enable high sensitivities. The detector response to THz exctiations and its electrical-field sensitivity were studied. This unique characteristic allows for the investigation of instabilities of the THz radiation emitted from synchrotron storage rings.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; electrical-field sensitivity ; E-Feld Sensitivität ; synchrotron ; terahertz radiation ; YBCO ; Dünnfilmabscheidung ; Synchrotron ; thin film deposition ; Terahertzstrahlung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The present work delivers a versatile, accurate and reliable wind tunnel facility that is particularly developed to test different flow control techniques for drag reduction in precisely adjustable test conditions. Skin friction changes of 0.4% are resolved, which is comparable to the most accurate reported studies in liquids. this high accuracy is verified through a comprehensive uncertainty analysis. Subsequently, various passive and active flow control strategies are investigated.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Riblets ; Kanalströmung ; pressure measurement ; riblets ; accuracy ; Messgenauigkeitchannel flow ; drag reduction ; Wandreibung ; Druckmessung ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 39
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue presents the latest advances in the field of Textile-Reinforced Cement Composites, including Textile-Reinforced Concrete (TRC), Textile-Reinforced Mortar (TRM), Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM), etc. These composite materials distinguish themselves from other fibre-reinforced concrete materials by their strain-hardening behaviour under tensile loading. This Special Issue is composed of 14 papers covering new insights in structural and material engineering. The papers include investigations on the level of the fibre reinforcement system as well as on the level of the composites, investigating their impact and fatigue behaviour, durability and fire behaviour. Both the strengthening of existing structures and the development of new structural systems such as lightweight sandwich systems are presented, and analysis and design methods are discussed. This Special Issue demonstrates the broadness and intensity of the ongoing advancements in the field of Textile-Reinforced Cement composites and the importance of several future research directions.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; practical application ; fabric reinforced cementitious mortar ; tensile strength ; carbon concrete composite ; TRC ; cement composites ; model calibration ; micro-fiber ; textile reinforced cementitious composites (TRC) ; alkaline environment ; test setup ; fatigue ; textile-reinforced mortar ; foam concrete (FC) ; FRCM ; fire ; stochastic cracking model ; model ; retrofitting ; toughness ; bending tests ; normal weight/lightweight aggregates ; layered finite elements ; carbon-reinforced concrete ; fiber ; tension ; ACK model ; impact loading ; sandwich elements ; durability ; textile ; creep ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; digital image correlation (DIC) ; moisture ; size effect ; textile reinforcement ; bending ; CRC ; elevated temperatures ; mixture rules ; fibre ; carbon reinforced concrete ; cathodic corrosion protection ; glass fabric ; strengthening ; design provisions ; high performance concrete ; wind loading ; textile reinforced mortar ; masonry ; textile-reinforced concrete ; strain-hardening cement-based composites ; cementitious composites ; design ; carbon textile ; textile reinforced concrete ; textile coating ; thin-walled shells ; reactive powder concrete (RPC) ; shear ; short-fiber reinforcement ; epoxy impregnation ; finite element analysis (FEA) ; bond ; high temperature ; textile reinforced concrete (TRC) ; finite element model ; uniaxial tensile tests ; structural insulating sandwich panel ; shear span ; crack spacing ; hybrid reinforcement ; four-point bending tests ; real scale bending experiments ; single-yarn pullout ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 40
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: ECG recordings provide diagnostic relevant information on the de- and repolarisation sequences of the heart. A modification of the repolarisation sequence is assumed to cause Torsades de Pointes. Especially drug induced effects on the repolarisation processes are in focus, since some non-cardiac drugs have been associated with sudden cardiac death in the 1990s. The analysis of the ventricular repolarisation using a set of parameters depicting the morphology of the T-wave is introduced in this work. Therefore, new methods of fully automatic patient-specific QRS detection, beat classification and precise T-wave delineation are presented. Using these methods, medical studies are investigated regarding the modification of the T-wave by different compounds. Also the impact of the heart rate on the morphology of the T-wave is part of this research.The reliable identification of ventricular ectopic beats allows an analysis of the influence of these beats on subsequent heart beats. It turned out that the morphology of subsequent heart beats can significantly be changed. This might give new information on the proarrythmical risk of ventricular ectopic beats.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; QT interval ; QT prolongation ; T wave ; Repolarisation ; HRT ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 41
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Edition of Energies on “Energy Storage and Management for Electric Vehicles” draws together a collection of research papers that critically evaluates key areas of innovation and novelty when designing and managing the high-voltage battery system within an electrified powertrain. The addressed topics include design optimisation, mathematical modelling, control engineering, thermal management, and component sizing.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; battery charging ; lithium ion battery ; adaptive forgetting factor ; operating expenses ; cell sorting ; linear programming ; Simulink ; equivalent circuit model ; genetic algorithm ; multi-parameters sorting ; hybrid power system ; electric vehicle ; energy storage ageing and degradation ; parameter estimation ; Simscape ; supercapacitors ; state-of-health (SOH) ; battery energy storage system ; ECE15 ; efficiency ; residential battery storage ; timetable optimization ; self-discharge ; dynamic programming approach ; state of charge estimation ; regenerative energy ; fuel cell ; energy storage system ; nonlinear battery model ; charging scheme ; Li-Sulfur batteries ; Matlab ; dynamic flow rate optimization ; rule-based optimal strategy ; second-life energy storage applications ; Identification ; hybrid vehicle ; recursive least square ; thermal modelling ; zinc–nickel single-flow battery ; Luenberger observer ; HPPC ; vehicle-to-building ; ?-constraint method ; lithium-ion battery ; life cycle assessment ; parameter identification ; Lipschitz nonlinear system ; lithium titanate oxide batteries ; batteries ; battery degradation ; improved artificial bee colony ; optimal control ; thermal behaviour ; supercapacitor models ; battery cycle-life extension ; cycle-life ; self-organizing maps clustering ; principal component analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 42
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Laser welding is a high-energy process used in a wide range of advanced materials to obtain micro- to macro-sized joints in both similar and dissimilar combinations. Moreover, this technique is widely used in several industries, such as automotive, aerospace, and medical industries, as well as in electrical devices. Although laser welding has been used for several decades, significant and exciting innovations often arise from both the process and/or advanced materials side.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; tensile strength ; microstructure ; aided electric current ; stainless steel ; accuracy ; porosity control ; laser offset welding ; T-joint ; BTi-6431S ; dissimilar metal ; finite element method ; weld pool behavior ; dissimilar welding ; WPP ; laser welds ; HLAW ; fiber laser ; steel S700MC ; conduction regime ; liquid metal ; buy-to-fly ; EBSD phase mapping ; mass transfer ; mechanical properties ; hardness ; MAG ; phase transformation ; prediction ; LKW ; Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr ; laser beam ; laser welding-brazing ; DP1000 steel ; Ti–6Al–4V ; titanium ; low alloyed steel ; H-shaped fusion zone ; pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam welding ; spatter ; high-speed imaging ; weld morphology ; high temperature titanium alloy ; Al/steel joints ; hybrid welding ; dissimilar material ; laser beam welding ; intermetallic layer ; WW ; L-joint ; penetration ; laser stake welding ; laser keyhole welding ; trip steel ; finite element analysis ; laser welding ; magnesium alloy thin sheet ; keyhole ; tensile properties ; dissimilar joining ; IMC layers ; SKM ; fiber laser welding ; aluminium ; dual phase steel ; aluminum alloy T-joint ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 43
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Image analysis is a fundamental task for extracting information from images acquired across a range of different devices. Since reliable quantitative results are requested, image analysis requires highly sophisticated numerical and analytical methods—particularly for applications in medicine, security, and remote sensing, where the results of the processing may consist of vitally important data. The contributions to this book provide a good overview of the most important demands and solutions concerning this research area. In particular, the reader will find image analysis applied for feature extraction, encryption and decryption of data, color segmentation, and in the support new technologies. In all the contributions, entropy plays a pivotal role.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; keyframes ; time-delay ; whale optimization algorithm ; multilevel thresholding ; multi-exposure image fusion ; additive manufacturing ; patch structure decomposition ; ultra-sound images ; 3D scanning ; Arimoto entropy ; contrast enhancement ; spatial filling factor ; depth maps ; image processing ; 3D prints ; differential evolution ; field of experts ; normalized divergence measure ; image privacy ; multiscale top-hat transform ; q-exponential ; texture information entropy ; diffusion ; hybrid algorithm ; Weibull statistics ; adaptive selection ; nonextensive entropy ; computer aided diagnostics ; fatty liver ; random forest ; DNA encoding ; low contrast ; entropy ; Minkowski island ; fuzzy entropy ; free-form deformations ; person re-identification ; chaotic system ; DNA computing ; pavement ; information entropy ; discrete entropy ; Tsallis statistics ; video skimming ; prime-indexed primes ; natural scene statistics (NSS) ; Hénon map ; q-sigmoid ; image entropy ; Shannon entropy ; macrotexture ; Shannon’s entropy ; binary image ; multi-feature fusion ; image analysis ; uncertainty assessment ; non-rigid registration ; hash layer ; Cantor set ; dynamic filtering ; deep neural network ; security analysis ; multiple-image encryption ; Hamming distance ; blind image quality assessment (BIQA) ; q-Gaussian ; remote sensing ; decay trend ; chaotic cryptography ; chaotic strategy ; cross-entropy loss ; random insertion ; metabolic syndrome ; sign languages ; generalized entropies ; relevance feedback ; image retrieval ; two-dimensional chaotic economic map ; cryptanalysis ; infrared images ; 3D Latin cube ; SHA-256 hash value ; gradient distributions ; structural entropy ; discrete cosine transform (DCT) ; chaotic map ; hepatic steatosis ; machine vision ; electromagnetic field optimization ; security ; image segmentation ; quantization loss ; colonoscopy ; video summarization ; permutation ; Kapur’s entropy ; surface quality assessment ; permutation-diffusion ; Ramanujan primes ; Rényi entropies ; chosen-plaintext attack ; image encryption ; dynamic index ; color image segmentation ; ultrasound ; Otsu method ; sigmoid ; reconstruction ; image information entropy ; 3-D digital imaging ; positron emission tomography ; medical imaging ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: In this work, a flexible biosensor platform based on impedance spectroscopy and comprising of gold electrodes, polymeric flow cells and a suitable surface modification were developed. Initially, several surface modification techniques described in literature were implemented and optimized for impedimetric biosensors but their individual limitations rendered them unsuitable for this biosensor platform. A novel method based on photobleaching was developed and tested showing satisfactory results.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Mikrofluidik ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; Oberflächenmodifikation ; Biosensor ; surface modification ; photobleaching ; PhotobleichungBiosensor ; microfluidics ; Elektrochemische Impedanzspektroscopie ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Due to their high energy conversion efficiencies and low emissions, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) show promise as a replacement for combustion-based electrical generators at all sizes. Further increase of SOFC efficiency can be achieved by microstructural optimization of the oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte and the mixed ionic-electronic conducting cathode. By application of nanoscaled thin films, the exceptionally high efficiency allows the realization of mobile SOFCs.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; grain-size effect ; nanoscaled thin film ; solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) ; cathode ; electrolyte ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 46
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Wood composites have shown very good performance, and substantial service lives when correctly specified for the exposure risks present. Selection of an appropriate product for the job should be accompanied by decisions about the appropriate protection, whether this is by design, by preservative treatment or by wood modification techniques. This Special Issue, Advances in Wood Composites presents recent progress in enhancing and refining the performance and properties of wood composites by chemical and thermal modification and the application of smart nanomaterials, which have made them a particular area of interest for researchers. In addition, it reviews some important aspects in the field of wood composites, with particular focus on their materials, applications, and engineering and scientific advances, including solutions inspired biomimetrically by the structure of wood and wood composites. This Special Issue, with a collection of 13 original contributions, provides selected examples of recent Advances in Wood Composites
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; shear strength ; n/a ; buckling ; thermal property ; acetic anhydride ; WPC ; silicon carbide ; coating amount ; composite ; polymer-triticale boards ; wood ; activation volume ; oriented strand lumber (OSL) ; bending strength ; nanowollastonite ; VOCs ; wood-inorganic composites ; thermal modification ; wood plastic composite ; crystallinity ; sol-gel process ; wood adhesive ; straw ; mechanical properties ; bamboo ; plastic ; carbothermal reduction ; formaldehyde emissions ; cellulose ; graphene nano-platelets ; creep behavior ; surface properties ; dimensional stability ; nanocompounds ; UF resin ; tunnel-structured ; ceramic ; color ; water absorption ; high-density polyethylene film ; mechanical property ; aquacultural ; HDPE ; biorefinery lignin ; methyl methacrylate ; structural analysis ; sol–gel process ; polyurethane-acrylate ; mechanical and physical properties ; water-based UV curing coating ; oak (Quercus alba L.) ; dynamic thermodynamic ; stepped isostress method ; thermoplastic polymers ; sustainable adhesives ; finite element analysis ; rapid formaldehyde release ; adhesive penetration ; modulus of elasticity in bending ; Southwell’s method ; hydrophobicity ; Abaqus ; sepiolite ; chemical structure ; alder plywood ; wood panels ; particleboard properties ; chemical modification ; thickness swelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Micro/nanofluidic chips have found increasing applications in the analysis of chemical and biological samples over the past two decades. Electrokinetics has become the method of choice in these micro/nano-chips for transporting, manipulating and sensing ions, (bio)molecules, fluids and (bio)particles, etc., due to the high maneuverability, scalability, sensitivity, and integrability. The involved phenomena, which cover electroosmosis, electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electrohydrodynamics, electrothermal flow, diffusioosmosis, diffusiophoresis, streaming potential, current, etc., arise from either the inherent or the induced surface charge on the solid-liquid interface under DC and/or AC electric fields. To review the state-of-the-art of micro/nanochip electrokinetics, we welcome, in this Special Issue of Micromachines, all original research or review articles on the fundamentals and applications of the variety of electrokinetic phenomena in both microfluidic and nanofluidic devices.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; micro/nanofluidics ; streaming potential/current ; electrical sensing ; electrokinetics ; diffusioosmosis ; dielectrophoresis ; electroosmosis ; electrophoresis ; diffusiophoresis ; induced charge electrokinetics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gyrotrons are high-power mm-wave tubes. Here, the design, construction and experimental investigation of a 20 kW, 28 GHz gyrotron (2nd harmonic) are reported. This tube was designed to evaluate new emitters for future highly efficient and reliable fusion gyrotrons and for material processing applications. Following experimental results have been achieved in CW operation: 22.5 kW output power at 23.4 kV electron beam voltage and 2.23 A beam current with the world record efficiency of 43 %.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Microwave-Materials-Processing ; Wirkungsgrad ; Efficiency ; Kernfusion ; Emitter-Technologien ; Nuclear-Fusion ; Emitter-Technologies ; Gyrotron ; MikrowellenmaterialprozesstechnikGyrotron ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 49
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 50
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The use of renewable energy is an effective solution for the prevention of global warming. On the other hand, environmental plasmas are one of powerful means to solve global environmental problems on nitrogen oxides, (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and carbon dioxides (CO2) in the atmosphere. By combining both technologies, we can develop an extremely effective environmental improvement technology. Based on this background, a Special Issue of the journal Energies on plasma processes for renewable energy technologies is planned. On the issue, we focus on environment plasma technologies that can effectively utilize renewable electric energy sources, such as photovoltaic power generation, biofuel power generation, wind turbine power generation, etc. However, any latest research results on plasma environmental improvement processes are welcome for submission. We are looking, among others, for papers on the following technical subjects in which either plasma can use renewable energy sources or can be used for renewable energy technologies: Plasma decomposition technology of harmful gases, such as the plasma denitrification method; Plasma removal technology of harmful particles, such as electrostatic precipitation; Plasma decomposition technology of harmful substances in liquid, such as gas–liquid interfacial plasma; Plasma-enhanced flow induction and heat transfer enhancement technologies, such as ionic wind device and plasma actuator; Plasma-enhanced combustion and fuel reforming; Other environment plasma technologies.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; wet scrubber ; thermal switch ; n/a ; blade-barrier electrode ; NOx reduction ; woodceramics ; syngas ; re-entrainment phenomena ; agglomeration ; two-stage AC-AC converter ; low-resistivity particle ; PFC ; sodium sulfide ; NOx ; energy efficiency ; marine diesel engine ; combustor ; semiconductor manufacturing ; corona discharge ; thermal arc plasma ; nonthermal plasma ; ignition ; input-parallel and output-series connected inverter ; thermal management ; gas turbine ; ionic wind ; waste cooking oil ; diesel engine ; nanoparticle ; plasma generator ; waste heat ; high-frequency DC-AC inverter ; electrostatic precipitator ; water vapor ; gasification ; ion-induced nucleation ; aftertreatment ; plasma ; collection efficiency ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 51
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: “Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2018”. The topic of engineering fluid dynamics includes both experimental as well as computational studies. Of special interest were submissions from the fields of mechanical, chemical, marine, safety, and energy engineering. We welcomed both original research articles as well as review articles. After one year, 28 papers were submitted and 14 were accepted for publication. The average processing time was 37.91 days. The authors had the following geographical distribution: China (9); Korea (3); Spain (1); and India (1). Papers covered a wide range of topics, including analysis of fans, turbines, fires in tunnels, vortex generators, deep sea mining, as well as pumps.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; fluid structure interaction (FSI) ; numerical methods ; axial gap ; impeller ; radiation noise ; natural ventilation ; ventilation performance ; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ; experimental research ; hot streak ; disc thickness ; fire ; circumferential groove casing treatment ; blade wrap angle ; sweep and lean ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; OpenFOAM ; gas turbine ; fire propagation ; disc spacing distance ; hydraulic collecting ; thermosyphon ; wind tunnel ; flow control ; source term ; leading edge ; flow around cylinder ; vortex generators ; plug-holing ; noise spectrum ; CGCT-blade integrated optimization ; dimensional analysis ; deep sea mining ; heat transfer ; abnormal blade installation angle ; axial fan ; rotating stall ; optimized design ; orthogonal test ; fluid dynamics ; simulation and modeling ; aerodynamic noise ; centrifugal pump ; suction flow field ; two-stage axial fan ; cavitation inception ; evaporation and condensation ; numerical simulation ; CFD simulation ; aspect ratio ; evacuation ; tunnel slope ; Tesla turbine ; vortex induced vibration (VIV) ratio ; global optimization ; volume of fluid ; blade exit angle ; acoustic energy ; tunnel vehicle fire ; multiphase flow ; distribution characteristic ; unsteady heat release rate ; hydrodynamic response ; manganese nodules exploitation ; isentropic efficiency ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Phages have shown a high biotechnological potential with numerous applications. The advent of high-resolution microscopy techniques aligned with omic and molecular tools have revealed innovative phage features and enabled new processes that can be further exploited for biotechnological applications in a wide variety of fields. The high-quality original articles and reviews presented in this Special Issue demonstrate the incredible potential of phages and their derived proteins in a wide range of biotechnological applications for human benefit. Considering the emergence of amazing new available bioengineering tools and the high abundance of phages and the multitude of phage proteins yet to be discovered and studied, we believe that the upcoming years will present us with many more fascinating and new previously unimagined phage-based biotechnological applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; toxicity ; encapsulation ; n/a ; cancerous tumors ; bacteriophage-derived lytic enzyme ; native gel electrophoresis ; bacteriophages ; Cpl-1 ; O-antigen ; ESKAPE ; Clostridium perfringens ; X-ray crystallography ; macromolecular interactions ; safety ; biofilm ; major coat protein ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; Staphylococcus aureus ; tail sheath protein ; magnetic separation ; serotyping ; pathogenic viruses ; liposomes ; tuberculosis ; Listeria monocytogenes ; nanotubular structures ; alpha-sheet ; biosensors ; sarcoidosis ; tailspike proteins ; M13 bacteriophage ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; gene expression regulation ; bacteriophage recombination ; self-assembly ; phage therapy ; R-type pyocin ; contractile injection systems ; bacteriophage vB_EcoM_FV3 ; microtiter plate assay ; Enterococcus faecalis ; culture enrichment ; drug delivery vehicles ; neurodegenerative disease ; landscape phage ; niosomes ; bacteriophage ; Myoviridae ; bacteriophage evolution ; porous structure ; phage-host interaction ; phage display ; immune response ; antibiotic resistance ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; phage ; bacteriocin ; Appelmans ; fluorescence sensor ; molecular probe ; nanomedicine ; Shigella flexneri ; reporter phage ; filters ; in vitro activity ; capsid dynamics ; immunoscreening ; diagnostics ; microarray ; receptor-binding protein ; endolysin ; enzybiotics ; transfersomes ; T7phage library ; Pal ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Nano/micro-size particles are widely applied in various fields. Among the various particles, silver particles are considered among the most prominent nanomaterials in the biomedical and industrial sectors because of their favorable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Thus, numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate their properties and utilize them in various applications, such as diagnostics, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer therapeutics, and optoelectronics. The properties of silver particles are strongly influenced by their size, morphological shape, and surface characteristics, which can be modified by diverse synthetic methods, reducing agents, and stabilizers. This Special Issue provides a range of original contributions detailing the synthesis, modification, properties, and applications of silver materials. Nine outstanding papers describing examples of the most recent advances in silver nano/microparticles are included. Silver nano/micro-size particles have many potential advantages as next-generation materials in various areas, including nanomedicine. This Special Issue might be helpful to understand the value of silver particles in the biomedical and industrial fields
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; n/a ; membrane ; bacteria ; cyclodextrin ; silver nanomaterial ; drug delivery ; transparent conductive film ; cytocompatibility ; surface free energy ; administration route ; sericin ; biosensor ; uptake ; substrate modification ; silver ion ; AgNPs ; mechanical properties ; cell culture ; titanium alloy ; Au–Ag alloy ; silver shell ; moderate sintering ; wound dressing ; polymer nanocomposite ; DNA damage ; surface morphology ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; flexible and printed electronics ; plants ; reactive oxygen species ; mechanism ; optoelectronics ; cytotoxicity ; photonic sintering ; synthesis ; silver nanoparticle ; doxorubicin (DOX) ; food packaging ; SERS detection ; nanomedicine ; antimicrobial activity ; nanogaps ; TNFR1 ; silica template ; silver ions release ; diagnostics ; phytotoxicity ; polydopamine ; silver nanoparticles ; tumor necrosis factor ; protective agent ; characterization ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work we present a system to fully automatically create a highly accurate visual feature map from image data aquired from within a moving vehicle. Moreover, a system for high precision self localization is presented. Furthermore, we present a method to automatically learn a visual descriptor. The map relative self localization is centimeter accurate and allows autonomous driving.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Maschinelles Sehen ; Lokalisierung ; Kartierung ; Autonomes Fahren ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This Special Issue presents selected papers from the 8th
    Keywords: T1-995 ; n/a ; flexible electronic device ; microfluidic channels ; stretchable electronic substrate ; glyoxylic acid Cu complex ; flexible device ; implant ; laser direct writing ; surface mounting ; surface plasmon resonance ; skeletal muscle ; medical device ; functional surface ; liquid metal ; engineered muscle ; myoblast ; adipose tissue ; kirigami structure ; biocompatible ; mechanical metamaterials ; connector ; micro-PIV ; contact resistance ; adipocyte ; magneto-impedance sensor ; acoustofluidics ; three-dimensional cell culture ; microfluidics ; core-shell hydrogel fiber ; nondestructive inspection ; vibration-induced flow ; nanoscale structure ; nano/microparticle separation ; logarithmic amplifier ; femtosecond laser ; near-infrared ; tactile display ; spectroscopy ; micro-pillar ; numerical analysis ; microscale thermophoresis ; condensation ; wettability ; 4D printing ; artificial kidney ; electrical impedance measurement ; lipid droplet ; high frequency ; blood coagulation ; micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technologies ; biofabrication ; thermal sensation ; cyclic stretch ; molecular dynamics ; Cu micropattern ; thin-film ; grating ; Si ; multiphase flow ; artificial blood vessel ; lipolysis ; thermal conductivity ; reduction ; contact pressure ; 3D printing ; 3T3-L1 ; thermal tactile display ; Schottky barrier ; stimuli-responsive hydrogel ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This multidisciplinary book covers a wide range of topics addressing critical challenges for advancing the understanding and management of shale oil and shale gas resources. Both fundamental and practical issues are considered. By covering a variety of technical topics, we aim to contribute to building a more integrated perspective to meet major challenges faced by shale resources. Combining complementary techniques and examining multiple sources of data serve to advance our current knowledge about these unconventional reservoirs. The book is a result of interdisciplinary and collaborative work. The content includes contributions authored by active scientists with ample expertise in their fields. Each article was carefully peer-reviewed by researchers, and the editorial process was performed by an experienced team of Senior Editors, Guest Editors, Topic Editors, and Editorial Board Members. The first part is devoted to fundamental topics, mostly investigated on the laboratory scale. The second part elaborates on larger scales (at near-wellbore and field scales). Finally, two related technologies, which could be relevant for shale plays applications, are presented. With this Special Issue, we provide a channel for sharing information and lessons learned collected from different plays and from different disciplines.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; fracture mode ; Multi Finger Caliper ; sensitivity analysis ; shale oil ; borehole stability ; shale reservoir ; XRD ; XRF ; shear deformation ; optimization ; DSC ; EDX ; imbibition ; oil shale ; shale ; pore size distribution ; seismic wavefield ; unconventional ; fracturing fluid ; shale gas reservoir ; elastomer seal ; oil production ; leaching ; elemental analysis ; Chang 7 reservoir ; shale reservoirs ; Wufeng-Longmaxi shale ; TGA ; fracturing ; solid-liquid extraction ; fuling gas field ; Niutitang formation ; isolated organic matter ; SEM ; safety levels of activity ; well integrity ; flowback fluid ; osmotic hydration ; anisotropy ; surface hydration ; ionic stabilizer ; quantitative evaluation ; tight oil recovery ; FTIR ; fluid-solid-heat coupling ; liner hanger ; dynamic crack initiation toughness ; Jordan ; numerical simulation ; organic matter pores ; shale drilling fluid ; finite element analysis ; multistage fracturing ; well ; negative extreme swelling ratio ; volume fracturing ; contact pressure ; NSCB specimen ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Biomolecular self-assembly provides a green, facile, and highly effective method to synthesize various functional nanomaterials that have exhibited considerable potential in the fields of nanotechnology, materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering, food science, energy storage, and environmental science. In this collection of articles, we presented recent advance in the synthesis, characterization, and applications of self-assembled bio-nanomaterials. In a comprehensive review article, the controlled self-assembly of biomolecules including DNA, protein, peptide, enzymes, virus, and biopolymers via internal interactions and external simulations is introduced and discussed in detail. In other research articles, the self-assembly of DNA, protein, peptide, bio-drugs, liquid crystal polycarbonates, and diblock copolymers to various biomimetic/bioinspired nanomaterials and their potential applications in nanopatterning, sensors/biosensors, drug delivery, anti-parasite, and water purification are demonstrated.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; graphene oxide ; membrane ; spindle-like nanoparticles ; lamellar diblock copolymer ; pattern transfer ; flash nanoprecipitation ; interactions ; micromechanical biosensor ; multiscale method ; elastic property ; cholesteryl ; modular coassemble ; Meloidogyne incognita ; natural frequency ; protein ; nanoimprint lithography ; external stimulations ; ROS detection ; DNA film ; Abamectin ; polymeric prodrug ; amphipathic polycarbonates ; biocompatibility ; synergistic codelivery ; amphiphilic block copolymers ; nanostructures ; self-assembly ; stimulisensitive release ; biomolecules ; directed self-assembly ; water purification ; drug release ; triphenylphosphonium ; dicyanostilbene ; polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) ; liquid crystal ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The book Green, Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Networks provides insights and solutions for a range of problems in the field of obtaining greener, energy-efficient, and sustainable networks. The book contains the outcomes of the Special Issue on “Green, Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Networks” of the Sensors journal. Seventeen high-quality papers published in the Special Issue have been collected and reproduced in this book, demonstrating significant achievements in the field. Among the published papers, one paper is an editorial and one is a review, while the remaining 15 works are research articles. The published papers are self-contained peer-reviewed scientific works that are authored by more than 75 different contributors with both academic and industry backgrounds. The editorial paper gives an introduction to the problem of information and communication technology (ICT) energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, presenting the state of the art and future trends in terms of improving the energy-efficiency of wireless networks and data centers, as the major energy consumers in the ICT sector. In addition, the published articles aim to improve energy efficiency in the fields of software-defined networking, Internet of things, machine learning, authentication, energy harvesting, wireless relay systems, routing metrics, wireless sensor networks, device-to-device communications, heterogeneous wireless networks, and image sensing. The last paper is a review that gives a detailed overview of energy-efficiency improvements and methods for the implementation of fifth-generation networks and beyond. This book can serve as a source of information in industrial, teaching, and/or research and development activities. The book is a valuable source of information, since it presents recent advances in different fields related to greening and improving the energy-efficiency and sustainability of those ICTs particularly addressed in this book
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; node speed ; linear recovery ; resource block allocation ; social awareness ; internet-of-things ; scheduling algorithm ; renewables ; neural network ; battery capacity ; energy awareness ; measurement structure ; optimization ; energy efficiency ; charging efficiency ; random structural matrices ; SDN ; water filling algorithm ; ONOS ; energy harvesting ; malware detection ; node density ; HetNets ; sustainability ; cooperative smart community ; adversarial samples ; spatial modulation ; NOMA ; 5G ; light-weight authentication ; green networking ; Device-to-Device (D2D) ; lightweight cipher ; mobile edge computing ; wireless power transfer ; adaptive link rate ; successive interference cancellation (SIC) ; directional charging vehicle ; self-interference cancellation ; proportional rate constraint ; inter-meeting time ; sustainable ; RWSN ; channel state information ; stochastic geometry ; networks ; green internet of things (IoT) ; PHY-layer ; IoT ; Markov chain ; traffic engineering ; QoS ; energy-efficient Ethernet ; power ; lightweight authentication ; energy aware routing ; authentication ; wired access ; amplify-and-forward ; software defined networking (SDN) ; image compressive sensing (CS) ; green ; edge computing ; LTE-A ; opportunistic networks ; RF Fingerprinting ; data centre ; multiple-input multiple-output ; Internet of Things ; machine learning ; peer discovery ; full-duplex ; industrial ; carbon footprint ; WSN ; imperfect CSI ; data center ; symbol error probability ; physical-layer authentication ; interference coordination ; clustering ; control and data plane ; wireless ; ICT ; bisection based optimal power allocation ; energy-efficiency ; consumer preferences ; real-time traffic ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: These proceedings contain research papers that were accepted for presentation at the 14th International Conference Inter-Eng 2020 ,Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, which was held on 8–9 October 2020, in Târgu Mureș, Romania. It is a leading international professional and scientific forum for engineers and scientists to present research works, contributions, and recent developments, as well as current practices in engineering, which is falling into a tradition of important scientific events occurring at Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology in the George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, Romania. The Inter-Eng conference started from the observation that in the 21st century, the era of high technology, without new approaches in research, we cannot speak of a harmonious society. The theme of the conference, proposing a new approach related to Industry 4.0, was the development of a new generation of smart factories based on the manufacturing and assembly process digitalization, related to advanced manufacturing technology, lean manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, additive manufacturing, and manufacturing tools and equipment. The conference slogan was “Europe’s future is digital: a broad vision of the Industry 4.0 concept beyond direct manufacturing in the company”.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; History of engineering & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This works describes an approach to lane-precise localization on current digital maps. A particle filter fuses data from production vehicle sensors, such as GPS, radar, and camera. Performance evaluations on more than 200 km of data show that the proposed algorithm can reliably determine the current lane. Furthermore, a possible architecture for an intuitive route guidance system based on Augmented Reality is proposed together with a lane-change recommendation for unclear situations.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; localization augmented Reality navigation route guidance particle filter ; Lokalisierung Erweiterte Realität Navigation Routenführung Partikelfilter ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Within this book fabrication processes for high-quality Josephson junctions based on niobium and aluminum oxide as well as niobium nitride and aluminum nitride on various substrates are discussed. Techniques for achieving a planar chip topography and sub-µm lateral dimensions, aiding the realization of sophisticated Josephson devices such as SQUIDs, flux-flow oscillators and long Josephson junctions with artificial phase discontinuities, are presented in detail.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Superconductor ; Quantum ; Multilayer ; Cryogenics ; Josephson ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Because of the increasing pressure on both food safety and packaging/food waste, the topic is important both for academics, applied research, industry and also for environment protection. Different materials, such as glass, metals, paper and paperboards, and non-degradable and degradable polymers, with versatile properties, are attractive for potential uses in food packaging. Food packaging is the largest area of application within the food sector. Only the nanotechnology-enabled products in the food sector account for ~50% of the market value, with and the annual growth rate is 11.65%. Technological developments are also of great interest. In the food sector, nanotechnology is involved in packaging materials with extremely high gas barriers, antimicrobial properties, and also in nanoencapsulants for the delivery of nutrients, flavors, or aromas, antimicrobial, and antioxidant compounds. Applications of materials, including nanomaterials in packaging and food safety, are in forms of: edible films, polymer nanocomposites, as high barrier packaging materials, nanocoatings, surface biocides, silver nanoparticles as potent antimicrobial agents, nutrition and neutraceuticals, active/bioactive packaging, intelligent packaging, nanosensors and nanomaterial-based assays for the detection of food relevant analytes (gasses, small organic molecules and food-borne pathogens) and bioplastics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; alginate film ; antibacterial activity ; chitosan ; simulation ; vegetable oil ; degradation ; antibacterial ; montmorillonite nanoclay ; nanocomposites ; nanocoating ; smart nanomaterials ; tensile test ; fire ; rosehip seed oil ; biomaterials ; essential oil ; nanocoatings ; fused deposition modelling (FDM) ; antioxidant ; pectin film ; mechanical properties ; risk analysis ; personalized design ; powdered rosemary ethanolic extract ; barrier properties ; combustion ; cold-press oil ; polymer ; antimicrobial ; thiazolidine-4-one scaffold ; customization ; poly(lactic) acid ; graphene ; edible film ; carbon nanotubes ; electrospinning ; packaging design ; computer aid design (CAD) ; food packaging ; thermoforming ; reverse engineering ; technology ; product design ; risks ; polymeric systems ; bioactive food packaging ; poly(lactic acid) ; 3D printing ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Trace gas sensing technologies are widely used in many applications, such as environmental monitoring, life science, medical diagnostics, and planetary exploration. On the one hand, laser sources have developed greatly due to the rapid development of laser media and laser techniques in recent years. Some novel lasers such as solid-state, diode, and quantum cascade lasers have experienced significant progress. At present, laser wavelengths can cover the range from ultraviolet to terahertz, which could promote the development of laser gas sensing technologies significantly. On the other hand, some new gas sensing methods have appeared, such as photothermal spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy. Laser spectroscopy-based gas sensing techniques have the advantages of high sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and allowing in situ, real-time observation. Due to the rapid and recent developments in laser source as well as the great merits of laser spectroscopy-based gas sensing techniques, this book aims to provide an updated overview of the state-of-the-art laser gas sensing technologies.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; methane detection ; concentration prediction ; two-photon femtosecond laser-induced fluorescence ; n/a ; finite-element analysis ; wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) ; quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy ; real-time observation ; carbon dioxide monitoring ; filament-induced nonlinear spectroscopy ; thermal control ; femtosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy ; Tm ; MgO:PPLN crystal ; mid-infrared ICL ; combustion sensing ; algorithm ; laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) ; mid-infrared fingerprint spectrum ; time division multiplexing differential modulation ; detection limit ; design optimization ; 13CO2/12CO2 isotope ratio detection ; femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; coupling efficiency ; gas detection ; laser spectroscopy ; hollow-core photonic crystal fiber ; thermoelectric cooling ; TDLAS ; chicken swarm optimization ; frequency modulation spectroscopy ; absorption spectroscopy ; practical applications ; methane ; wavelength modulation spectroscopy ; continuous-wave (CW) ; tunable laser absorption spectroscopy ; noise reduction algorithms ; C2H2 detection ; a multi-reflection chamber ; tunable mid-infrared solid-state laser ; photothermal spectroscopy ; stokes vectors ; combustion diagnostic ; GRIN fiber probe ; wavelength modulation ; deep-sea natural gas hydrate exploration ; femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging ; graphene saturable absorber ; femtosecond laser ; near-infrared ; all-fiber laser ; optical parametric oscillator ; mid-infrared ; gas sensing ; direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) ; interferometric gas detection ; single-frequency ; non-linearity ; TDLAS technique ; interband cascade lasers ; optical parametric oscillator (OPO) ; quantum cascade lasers ; PQS ; support vector machine ; Ho:LuVO4 laser ; two-tone frequency modulation spectroscopy ; intracavity gas detection ; quartz tuning fork ; trace gas detection ; information processing technology ; optical sensing ; temperature compensation ; broadband spectrum ; tunable diode laser ; diffuse integrating cavity ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Collision avoidance systems like emergency braking assist systems have demonstrated their effectiveness in increasing the safety of vehicle passengers in various studies. To further increase the effectiveness of collision avoidance systems, the exploitation of the lateral free space by evasive maneuvers is being investigated in this book. This work focuses on methods for integrated trajectory planning and vehicle dynamics control in collision avoidance scenarios by combined evasion and braking.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Fahrdynamikregelung ; model predictive control ; Collision Avoidance System ; Modelprädiktive Regelung ; Kollisionsvermeidung ; Trajectory Planning ; Driver Assistance System ; Fahrassistenzsystem ; Trajektorienplanung ; Vehicle Dynamics Control ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: heavily Environmental mathematical models represent one of the key aids for scientists to forecast, create, and evaluate complex scenarios. These models rely on the data collected by direct field observations. However, assembly of a functional and comprehensive dataset for any environmental variable is difficult, mainly because of i) the high cost of the monitoring campaigns and ii) the low reliability of measurements (e.g., due to occurrences of equipment malfunctions and/or issues related to equipment location). The lack of a sufficient amount of Earth science data may induce an inadequate representation of the response’s complexity in any environmental system to any type of input/change, both natural and human-induced. In such a case, before undertaking expensive studies to gather and analyze additional data, it is reasonable to first understand what enhancement in estimates of system performance would result if all the available data could be well exploited. Missing data imputation is an important task in cases where it is crucial to use all available data and not discard records with missing values. Different approaches are available to deal with missing data. Traditional statistical data completion methods are used in different domains to deal with single and multiple imputation problems. More recently, machine learning techniques, such as clustering and classification, have been proposed to complete missing data. This book showcases the body of knowledge that is aimed at improving the capacity to exploit the available data to better represent, understand, predict, and manage the behavior of environmental systems at all practical scales.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA170-171 ; geophysical monitoring ; data scarcity ; missing data ; climate extreme indices (CEIs) ; rule extraction ; Dataset Licensedatabase ; data assimilation ; data imputation ; support vector machines ; environmental observations ; multi-class classification ; earth-science data ; remote sensing ; magnetotelluric monitoring ; soil texture calculator ; machine learning ; ClimPACT ; invasive species ; species distribution modeling ; 3D-Var ; ensemble learning ; data quality ; water quality ; microhabitat ; k-Nearest Neighbors ; Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) ; decision trees ; processing ; attribute reduction ; Expert Team on Sector-specific Climate Indices (ET-SCI) ; core attribute ; rough set theory ; GLDAS ; arthropod vector ; environmental modeling ; statistical methods ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book presents, validates and applies a fast, accurate and general measurement and modeling technique to obtain spectral near field data of LED systems for optical simulations in order to address the steadily increasing requirements of modern high quality LED systems. It requires only a minimum of goniophotometric near field measurements and no time-consuming angularly resolved spectral measurements. The obtained results can be used directly in state-of-the-art ray tracers.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Leuchtdioden (LED) ; Strahlverfolgung ; Radiometrie ; Ray tracing ; Radiometry ; Light-emitting diodes (LED) ; Lighting technology ; Lichttechnik ; Photometry ; Photometrie ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book is the result of a Special Issue published in Applied Sciences, entitled “New Trends in Recycled Aggregate Concrete"". It identifies emerging research areas within the field of recycled aggregate concrete and contributes to the increased use of this eco-efficient material.Its contents are organised in the following sections: Upscaling the use of recycled aggregate concrete in structural design; Large scale applications of recycled aggregate concrete; Long-term behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete; Performance of recycled aggregate concrete in very aggressive environments; Reliability of recycled aggregate concrete structures; Life cycle assessment of recycled aggregate concrete; New applications of recycled aggregate concrete.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; crushing ; heavyweight waste glass ; n/a ; recycled aggregate quality ; seismic load ; microstructure ; construction waste ; permeability ; bond strength ; seismic performance ; aggregate interlock mechanism ; recycled concrete aggregates ; compressive strength ; crumb rubber ; cellular concrete ; model ; cyclic load ; recycled aggregate ; crushed glass ; models ; recycled aggregate concrete ; reactive power concrete ; recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) ; energy absorbing ; creep ; elevated temperature ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; size effect ; recycled concrete aggregate ; geological nature of aggregates ; mechanical properties ; recycled concrete ; artificial neural networks ; recycled aggregates ; steel fibre ; quality of aggregates ; aggregates ; foam stability ; ceramic foam ; durable characteristics ; nylon fiber ; concrete ; mechanical characteristics ; strain rate ; steel reinforced recycled aggregate concrete (SRRAC) ; dynamic mechanical property ; concrete sludge fines ; water absorption ; columns ; environmental impact ; blast-furnace slag ; input variable ; tensile splitting strength ; aggregate ; returned concrete ; reinforced concrete member ; variable sensitivity ; soil stabilization ; numerical analysis ; shear behavior ; fly-ash ; modulus ; life cycle assessment ; foam structure ; silica fume ; recycling ; recycled coarse aggregate concrete ; ready-mixed concrete ; foam concrete ; flexural behavior ; mixture proportioning ; aggregate characteristic ; residual properties ; CT ; reinforced concrete ; shrinkage ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue of Processes operates on the basis of a rigorous peer-review with a single-blind assessment and at least two independent reviewers, thereby ensuring a high quality final product. I would like to thank our reviewers, for providing the authors with constructive comments, and Editorial Board, for their professional advice that led to the final decision. I am sure that, in coming years, readers of this Special Issue will find the scientific manuscripts interesting and beneficial to their research.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; three-dimensional temperature field ; n/a ; forced convection ; RNG k-? model ; PIV measurements ; water friction loss ; flat plate ; horizontal ; optimization ; casson fluid ; finned tube ; plate-fin heat sink ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; plate heat exchanger ; partial heating ; thermo-diffusion ; HEN synthesis ; Keller-Box technique ; visualization experiment ; ice-cream ; modelling ; computational intelligence techniques ; canned motor ; boiling ; heat transfer ; operating condition ; vertical ; phase change ; flow distribution characteristics ; scraped surface heat exchanger ; heat flux ; numerical simulation ; aspect ratio ; orientation ; axisymmetric flow ; CACRS ; natural convection ; MINLP ; multi-slip ; ice storage ; viscosity ; axial piston pump ; crystallization ; multiphase flow ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) ceramics as oxygen transport membranes (OTMs) can provide high oxygen permeation rates at comparably low energy demands. For this purpose, Ba?.?Sr?.?Co?.?Fe?.?O??? (BSCF) shows the best performance under ideal operating conditions. Thermal and chemical stability investigations, electrical behavior ?(T,pO?,t), and oxygen exchange parameter extraction by means of electrical conductivity relaxation resulted in a far better understanding of the BSCF system.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; electrochemical characterization ; thermische und chemische Stabilitätmixed ionic-electronic conductors ; oxygen transport membranes ; elektronische/ionische Mischleiter ; thermal and chemical stability ; Sauerstofftransportmembranen ; BSCF ; elektrochemische Charakterisierung ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In the second edition of the article a virtual heart modelsimulating the flow in the active left human ventricle andatrium is presented. Because in vivo myocardium data is notavailable, the movement of the active ventricle and its atriumis given by three-dimensional, time-dependent invivo image dataof a nuclear spin MRI tomograph. The passive part of the virtualheart model consists of a model aorta and of two-dimensionallymodelled heart valves. As the flow is actively driven by theventricle and atrium, a coupling off low and structure isnecessary to take into account the deviation of the aorta andthe closing and opening of the heart valves. This coupling isreplaced by the movement given by MRI tomograph and ultrasonicDoppler echocardiography, since we focus on the flow simulationin the left pumping ventricle. The flow simulation is performedby a validated commercial software package that uses the finitevolume method. The flow resistance of the circulation throughthe body is taken into account with a simplified circulationmodel. The article shows how the virtual heart model can be usedto predict flow losses and flow structures due to pathologicalventricle contraction defects. It provides as an example theflow simulation of an unhealthy human ventricle with ananeurysm. The flow structure and flow losses are consideredbefore and after surgery.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Herzmuskel ; NMR-Tomographie ; Herzkrankheit ; Numerische Strömungssimulation ; Herz ; in vivo ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 71
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Due to the ever-expanding applications of micro/nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS/MEMS) as sensors and actuators, interest in their development has rapidly expanded over the past decade. Encompassing various excitation and readout schemes, the MEMS/NEMS devices transduce physical parameter changes, such as temperature, mass or stress, caused by changes in desired measurands, to electrical signals that can be further processed. Some common examples of NEMS/MEMS sensors include pressure sensors, accelerometers, magnetic field sensors, microphones, radiation sensors, and particulate matter sensors. Despite a long history of development, fabrication of novel MEMS/NEMS devices still poses unique challenges due to their requirement for a suspended geometry; and many new fabrication techniques have been proposed to overcome these challenges. However, further development of these techniques is still necessary, as newer materials such as compound semiconductors, and 2-dimensional materials are finding their way in various MEMS/NEMS applications, with more complex structures and potentially smaller dimensions.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; vibrating ring gyroscope ; n/a ; tunnel magnetoresistive effect ; optical sensor ; micro-NIR spectrometer ; pulse inertia force ; gas sensor ; wet etching ; oil detection ; glass welding ; spring design ; power consumption ; MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) ; back cavity ; deflection position detector ; magnetic ; MEMS ; single-layer SiO2 ; frequency tuning ; threshold accuracy ; suspended micro hotplate ; AlGaN/GaN circular HFETs ; quadrature modulation signal ; inertial switch ; nanoparticle sensor ; low noise ; photonic crystal nanobeam cavity ; floating slug ; infrared image ; backstepping approach ; microdroplet ; acceleration switch ; microgyroscope ; temperature uniformity ; methane ; microfluidic ; accelerometer design ; photonic crystal cavity ; anisotropy ; resonant frequency ; dual-mass MEMS gyroscope ; analytical model ; single crystal silicon ; temperature sensor ; micro fluidic ; refractive index sensor ; microwave measurement ; low zero-g offset ; femtosecond laser ; micropellistor ; rapid fabrication ; accelerometer ; tracking performance ; GaN diaphragm ; microactuator ; resistance parameter ; optomechanical sensor ; scanning grating mirror ; GaAs MMIC ; adaptive control ; frequency split ; frequency mismatch ; electrostatic force feedback ; thermoelectric power sensor ; squeeze-film damping ; silicon ; wideband ; Accelerometer readout ; bonding strength ; high temperature pressure sensors ; 3D simulation ; level-set method ; tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 72
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This selection is focused on coatings and films with applications in optoelectronics, such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and light-based sensors and phenomena. The studies investigate the optimal composition, crystalline structure, and morphology to deliver the different functionalities sought. Obtaining transparent p-type electrodes is challenging but extremely relevant in optoelectronics. Electric conduction mechanisms and the correlations with structure and doping are discussed. The important issue of the degradation pathways in perovskite-based solar cells and the possibilities offered by different types of coatings to encapsulate the devices as well as the beneficial effect of silica coating as an antireflection and antisoiling layer on well-established solar cells are discussed. New designs of nanoplasmonic films for chemical and biological molecule sensing are reviewed, such as the combination of metallic nanoparticles and nanostructured semiconductors and dispersing metallic or bi-metallic nanoparticles in CuO films. The impacts of structure, defects, and morphology on the photoactivated properties of WO3 films and on the shape memory behavior in Cu–Al–Ni thin films are discussed. Aggregated TiO2 nanoparticles on TiO2 layers are shown to enhance optical transmittance and confer a superhydrophilic characteristic. Finally, aspects of the fundamental characterization of thin films, Drude damping in thin films, and laser-induced deflection technique are discussed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; films ; coatings ; light-based sensors ; photocatalysis ; optoelectronics ; phenomena ; photovoltaics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Ein Riss im Rotor ruft eine lokale Steifigkeitsänderung hervor. Die vorliegende Arbeit ermittelt die Steifigkeitsänderung einer angerissenen Welle. Dazu wird ein Kohäsivzonenmodell eingesetzt. Das Modell wurde für die erste Rissöffnungsmode bei ebenem Verzerrungszustand in Abhängigkeit der Mehrachsigkeit des Spannungszustandes (Triaxialität) entwickelt. Außerdemwird das Kohäsivzonenmodell bei einem eindimensionalen Kontinuumsrotor als FE Modell ausgeführt.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Cohesive zone model ; cracked rotor ; stiffness variation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 74
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book was established after the 6th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; model predictive control ; bulbous bow ; improvement differential evolution algorithm ; evolutionary multi-objective optimization ; location routing problem ; flexible job shop scheduling problem ; basic differential evolution algorithm ; metric measure spaces ; NEAT ; genetic algorithm ; multiobjective optimization ; improved differential evolution algorithm ; performance indicator ; rubber ; averaged Hausdorff distance ; mixture experiments ; U-shaped assembly line balancing ; Genetic Programming ; Local Search ; driving events ; surrogate-based optimization ; single component constraints ; crop planning ; Pareto front ; numerical simulations ; shape morphing ; genetic programming ; economic crops ; local search and jump search ; model order reduction ; optimal solutions ; EvoSpace ; risky driving ; intelligent transportation systems ; optimal control ; IV-optimality criterion ; Bloat ; decision space diversity ; modify differential evolution algorithm ; power means ; driving scoring functions ; open-source framework ; evolutionary computation ; differential evolution algorithm ; vehicle routing problem ; multi-objective optimization ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Techniques based on numerical simulations have been applied to the analysis of the heat exchanger and the High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) module of HTS current leads. In the first case correlations have been derived for the meander flow geometry. In the second case steady state and transient thermal-electric models have been validated. Both techniques are used to design and optimize HTS current leads. The correlations were applied to a predictive analysis of the ITER HTS current leads.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; current lead ; Nuclear fusion ; High Temperature Superconductor ; Computational thermal Fluid Dynamics ; Numerical simulation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 76
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The use of lightweight structures across several industries has become inevitable in today’s world given the ever-rising demand for improved fuel economy and resource efficiency. In the automotive industry, composites, reinforced plastics, and lightweight materials, such as aluminum and magnesium are being adopted by many OEMs at increasing rates to reduce vehicle mass and develop efficient new lightweight designs. Automotive weight reduction with high-strength steel is also witnessing major ongoing efforts to design novel damage-controlled forming processes for a new generation of efficient, lightweight steel components. Although great progress has been made over the past decades in understanding the thermomechanical behavior of these materials, their extensive use as lightweight solutions is still limited due to numerous challenges that play a key role in cost competitiveness. Hence, significant research efforts are still required to fully understand the anisotropic material behavior, failure mechanisms, and, most importantly, the interplay between industrial processing, microstructure development, and the resulting properties. This Special Issue reprint book features concise reports on the current status in the field. The topics discussed herein include areas of manufacturing and processing technologies of materials for lightweight applications, innovative microstructure and process design concepts, and advanced characterization techniques combined with modeling of material’s behavior.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; n/a ; microstructure ; Mg-Al-Ba-Ca alloy ; strength ; severe plastic deformation ; hot working ; surface roughness ; high pressure torsion extrusion ; optimization ; fatigue fracture behavior ; magnesium alloys ; de-coring ; formability ; multilayered sheets ; HPDC ; spring-back ; contact heat transfer ; mechanical properties ; bending ; in-die quenching ; equivalent strain ; light metals ; processing ; heat transfer ; damage ; creep aging ; thin-walled profile ; rolling ; aluminum alloy ; transmission line fittings ; ceramic core ; processing map ; automated void recognition ; FEA ; multi-output porthole extrusion ; density ; kinetic analysis ; texture ; non-ferrous alloys ; material characterization ; stress superposition ; hot stamping ; metal flow ; hybrid composite material ; V-bending test ; finite element model ; aluminium alloy ; shear lap test ; Al-Cu-Mg alloy ; characterization ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 77
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Smart textiles are the textiles that are sensitive to any environmental conditions and can respond accordingly. Using passive and active coatings to generate high sensitivity to textiles is among the most recent research trends by engineers around the World. This has resulted in expansion in the application of smart textiles in various industrial fields including medicals, electronics and protective clothing. The aim of this special issue is to introduce the most state-of-the-art research and review articles by distinguished researchers in the field of smart coatings on textiles. The guest editor hopes that content will be useful for researchers, students and companies for continuation of research and development with the concept of smart textiles.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TA401-492 ; chitosan ; pilling ; cyclodextrin ; polypropylene ; actuator ; UHMWPE ; hydrophobic ; separation ; reactive vapor deposition ; e-textiles ; image processing ; fiber ; conducting polymers ; conductive coatings ; dip coating technique ; textile ; triboelectricity ; smart textiles ; hernia meshes ; microgel ; optical fiber sensors ; polymer ; nanoparticle-laden elastomer ; touch sensor ; textile electronics ; structural color ; PLA fiber ; wearable technology ; carbon nanotubes ; electrospinning ; assembly ; photonic crystal ; electrospun nanofibers ; plasma treatment ; coating ; nanoparticle assemblies ; sodium alginate ; flexible electronics ; Janus material ; machine learning ; polymer actuators ; oxygen-plasma treatment ; polydopamine ; plain weave ; absorbant ; surface functionalization ; penetration resistance ; lab-on-fiber technology ; layer-by-layer method ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 78
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Modern robotic technologies have enabled robots to operate in a variety of unstructured and dynamically-changing environments, in addition to traditional structured environments. Robots have, thus, become an important element in our everyday lives. One key approach to develop such intelligent and autonomous robots is to draw inspiration from biological systems. Biological structure, mechanisms, and underlying principles have the potential to provide new ideas to support the improvement of conventional robotic designs and control. Such biological principles usually originate from animal or even plant models, for robots, which can sense, think, walk, swim, crawl, jump or even fly. Thus, it is believed that these bio-inspired methods are becoming increasingly important in the face of complex applications. Bio-inspired robotics is leading to the study of innovative structures and computing with sensory–motor coordination and learning to achieve intelligence, flexibility, stability, and adaptation for emergent robotic applications, such as manipulation, learning, and control. This Special Issue invites original papers of innovative ideas and concepts, new discoveries and improvements, and novel applications and business models relevant to the selected topics of ``Bio-Inspired Robotics''. Bio-Inspired Robotics is a broad topic and an ongoing expanding field. This Special Issue collates 30 papers that address some of the important challenges and opportunities in this broad and expanding field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Robots and Mechatronics ; Bio-inspired Robots ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 79
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The development of a closed-loop cycle is a necessary condition so as to develop a circular economy model as an alternative to the linear model, in order to maintain the value of products and materials for as long as possible. For this motive, the definition of the value must be demonstrated for both the environment and the economy. The presence of these analyses should be associated with the social dimension and the human component. A strong cooperation between social and technical profiles is a new challenge for all researchers. End of life of products attract a lot of attention, and the final output could be the production of technologies suitable for managing this waste.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; education ; NUTS3 regions ; eco-design ; renewable energy ; circular business models (CBMs) ; quantitative analysis ; economic analysis ; digital transformation of education ; branches ; sustainability ; sustainable development ; environmental assessment ; open online education ; circular economy ; prediction ; Italy ; Italian ceramic industry ; tourism industry ; complexity ; economic growth ; professions ; Industry 4.0 ; digitalization ; unsupervised classification ; open educational resources ; multi-level perspective ; industrial district (ID) ; cluster analysis ; retailing ; waste management ; MOOCs ; mixed data ; massive open online courses ; phygitalization ; circular economy (CE) ; photovoltaic ; circular commerce ; employment ; technology ; SWOT ; multiple value ; Czech Republic ; commercial cycle ; CO2 emissions ; European Union ; social sciences ; subsidies ; Health and Social Care ; industrial symbiosis ; territory ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 80
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This edited book presents new results in the area of the development of exact and heuristic scheduling algorithms. It contains eight articles accepted for publication for a Special Issue in the journal Algorithms. The book presents new algorithms, e.g., for flow shop, job shop, and parallel machine scheduling problems. The particular articles address subjects such as a heuristic for the routing and scheduling problem with time windows, applied to the automotive industry in Mexico, a heuristic for the blocking job shop problem with tardiness minimization based on new neighborhood structures, fast heuristics for the Euclidean traveling salesman problem or a new mathematical model for the period-aggregated resource leveling problem with variable job duration, and several others.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; repairing scheme ; makespan ; complexity ; uniform parallel machine problems ; flow shop ; uniform parallel machines ; total tardiness ; permutations ; uncertainty ; shop floor performance ; heuristic algorithm ; s-precedence constraints ; heuristics ; time windows ; auto-carrier transportation problem (ACTP) ; blocking ; computational experiment ; scheduling ; manufacturing ; optimal algorithm ; precedence constraints ; flowshop ; flow-shop ; flow shop problem ; simulated annealing ; traveling salesman problem ; resource leveling ; makespan criterion ; project scheduling ; uncertain duration ; time complexity ; heuristic ; quadratic programming ; feasible loading ; exact algorithms ; resource leveling problem ; job shop problem ; unavailability constraints ; job shop ; job-shop ; job shop scheduling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The work presents an attempt to improve the understanding of reactive drag reducing control of near-wall turbulence with respect to limitations present in a realistic application scenario. The reference reactive control scheme of opposition control is studied using direct numerical simulation through the consideration of various application oriented restrictions, i.e. local control application, limited spatial and temporal resolution of the scheme, sensor noise and control elements arrangement.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; turbulence control ; direct numerical simulation ; turbulent boundary layers ; Direkte Numerische Simulation ; Reibungsminderung ; drag reduction ; Turbulente Grenzschichten ; Turbulenzkontrolle ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Modern factories are experiencing rapid digital transformation supported by emerging technologies, such as the Industrial Internet of things (IIOT), industrial big data and cloud technologies, deep learning and deep analytics, AI, intelligent robotics, cyber-physical systems and digital twins, complemented by visual computing (including new forms of artificial vision with machine learning, novel HMI, simulation, and visualization). This is evident in the global trend of Industry 4.0. The impact of these technologies is clear in the context of high-performance manufacturing. Important improvements can be achieved in productivity, systems reliability, quality verification, etc. Manufacturing processes, based on advanced mechanical principles, are enhanced by big data analytics on industrial sensor data. In current machine tools and systems, complex sensors gather useful data, which is captured, stored, and processed with edge, fog, or cloud computing. These processes improve with digital monitoring, visual data analytics, AI, and computer vision to achieve a more productive and reliable smart factory. New value chains are also emerging from these technological changes. This book addresses these topics, including contributions deployed in production, as well as general aspects of Industry 4.0.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T55.4-60.8 ; T1-995 ; localization ; smart system ; n/a ; connected enterprise ; digital manufacturing ; AHP ; YOLOv3 ; decision support ; neural network ; vertex distance ; depthwise separable convolution ; cutting insert selection ; smart service ; contour detection ; convolutional neural networks ; platform-based ecosystem ; in-line dimensional inspection ; dilated convolutions ; fabric defect detection ; classification ; FCM ; LGM ; digital information flow ; turning ; computer vision ; control service ; blister defect ; RMTs ; feature pyramid ; research and development indicators ; maintenance expert ; polymer lithium-ion battery ; IT concept ; Industry 4.0 ; matching ; data reduction ; competence ; fibre of preserved Szechuan pickle ; elliptical paraboloid array ; relative angle ; geometric relationship ; optical system ; configure-to-order ; aircraft structure crack detection ; digital twins ; smart factory ; D-VGG16 ; optical slope sensor ; smart manufacturing ; self-calibration method ; convolutional neural network ; industry 4.0 ; skyline queries ; machine learning ; scalability test ; cyber-physical production systems ; Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) ; demand-side response ; cutting parameter optimization ; image smoothing ; marketing innovations ; genetic algorithm ; automation system ; defect detection ; scheduling ; job shop systems ; big data ; operator theory ; micro-armature ; train wheel ; industrial knowledge graph ; industrial load management ; bilinear model ; artificial neural networks ; 4th industrial revolution ; INDUSTRY 4.0 ; construction equipment ; lean assembly ; capacity control ; Grad-CAM ; revolution workpiece ; chatter ; anomaly detection ; QFD ; social network ; deep learning ; control as a service ; warm forming ; automated surface inspection ; cloud-based control system ; innovative marketing tools ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; flower pollination algorithm ; HED ; edge computing ; predictive analytics ; BIM ; digital platforms ; industrial big data ; energy flexibility ; impacts marketing innovations ; intellectualization of industrial information ; economic recession ; 3D mesh reconstruction ; demand-side management ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 83
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book includes papers from the section “Multisensor Information Fusion”, from Sensors between 2018 to 2019. It focuses on the latest research results of current multi-sensor fusion technologies and represents the latest research trends, including traditional information fusion technologies, estimation and filtering, and the latest research, artificial intelligence involving deep learning.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; similarity measure ; information filter ; out-of-sequence ; Hellinger distance ; coefficient of determination maximization strategy ; uncertainty measure ; embedded systems ; Internet of things (IoT) ; random delays ; adaptive distance function ; random finite set ; Dempster–Shafer evidence theory (DST) ; safe trajectory ; health reliability degree ; dynamic optimization ; state probability approximation ; sensors bias ; multi-environments ; belief entropy ; quaternion ; closed world ; Gaussian process regression ; Gaussian mixture model (GMM) ; intelligent transport system ; multirotor UAV ; multi-sensor system ; attitude ; time-domain data fusion ; precision landing ; Industry 4.0 ; magnetic angular rate and gravity (MARG) sensor ; uncertainty ; unscented information filter ; data classification ; high-definition map ; global information ; inconsistent data ; extended belief entropy ; sensor system ; Steffensen’s iterative method ; SLAM ; the Range-Range-Range frame ; evidential reasoning ; belief functions ; powered two wheels (PTW) ; electronic nose ; particle swarm optimization ; grey group decision-making ; user experience platform ; complex surface measurement ; DoS attack ; extended Kalman filter ; ICP ; Gaussian density peak clustering ; artificial marker ; random parameter matrices ; optimal estimate ; local structure descriptor ; object classification ; domain adaption ; networked systems ; expectation maximization (EM) algorithm ; attitude estimation ; Gaussian process model ; least-squares smoothing ; target positioning ; RFS ; spectral clustering ; maintenance decision ; multi-target tracking ; GMPHD ; time-distributed ConvLSTM model ; non-rigid feature matching ; unknown inputs ; cardiac PET ; subspace alignment ; gradient domain ; multi-sensor measurement ; data fusion ; Bar-Shalom Campo ; Kalman filter ; signal feature extraction methods ; sensor data fusion algorithm ; distributed architecture ; predictive modeling techniques ; Gaussian mixture model ; self-reporting ; deep learning ; mutual support degree ; security zones ; sensor array ; soft sensor ; aircraft pilot ; projection ; vehicle-to-everything ; distributed intelligence system ; square-root cubature Kalman filter ; information fusion ; evidence combination ; LiDAR ; feature representations ; multi-sensor information fusion ; linear constraints ; galvanic skin response ; decision-level sensor fusion ; most suitable parameter form ; Pignistic vector angle ; SINS/DVL integrated navigation ; fault diagnosis ; facial expression ; yaw estimation ; dual gating ; multi-sensor data fusion ; multisensor system ; A* search algorithm ; data fusion architectures ; drift compensation ; augmented state Kalman filtering (ASKF) ; manifold ; nested iterative method ; data preprocessing ; interference suppression ; conflicting evidence ; sonar network ; Gaussian process ; health management decision ; state estimation ; eye-tracking ; high-dimensional fusion data (HFD) ; MEMS accelerometer and gyroscope ; multitarget tracking ; gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density ; integer programming ; image registration ; Dempster–Shafer evidence theory ; linear regression ; data association ; nonlinear system ; covariance matrix ; multi-source data fusion ; fuzzy neural network ; least-squares filtering ; fire source localization ; network flow theory ; weight maps ; camera ; plane matching ; calibration ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; fixed-point filter ; workload ; intelligent and connected vehicles ; mimicry security switch strategy ; alumina concentration ; the Range-Point-Range frame ; spatiotemporal feature learning ; distributed fusion ; user experience evaluation ; image fusion ; vehicular localization ; sensor fusion ; vibration ; parameter learning ; weighted fusion estimation ; data registration ; pose estimation ; surface quality control ; trajectory reconstruction ; land vehicle ; square root ; Deng entropy ; multi-focus ; EEG ; low-cost sensors ; sensor fusing ; sensor data fusion ; packet dropouts ; estimation ; industrial cyber-physical system (ICPS) ; multi-sensor time series ; multi-sensor network ; Human Activity Recognition (HAR) ; transfer ; multisensor data fusion ; convergence condition ; interaction tracker ; acoustic emission ; Covariance Projection method ; mix-method approach ; orthogonal redundant inertial measurement units ; sematic segmentation ; Surface measurement ; conflict measurement ; user experience measurement ; observable degree analysis ; open world ; novel belief entropy ; cutting forces ; machine health monitoring ; Bayesian reasoning method ; orientation ; surface modelling ; hybrid adaptive filtering ; supervoxel ; RTS smoother ; Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (DST) ; fast guided filter. ; multi-sensor joint calibration ; principal component analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Superconducting nanowire singe-photon detectors (SNSPD) are promising detectors in the field of applications, where single-photon resolution is required like in quantum optics, spectroscopy or astronomy. These cryogenic detectors gain from a broad spectrum in the optical and infrared range and deliver low dark count rates and low jitter times. This thesis improves the understanding of the detection mechanism of SNSPDs and intodruces new and promising multi-pixel readout concepts.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; superconductivity ; Multi-pixelsingle-photon detector ; Echtzeitauslese ; SNSPD ; Supraleitung ; real-time readout ; multi-pixel ; Einzelphotonendetektor ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Engineering materials show a pronounced heterogeneity on a smaller scale that influences the macroscopic constitutive behavior. Algorithms for the periodic discretization of microstructures are presented. These are used within the Nonuniform Transformation Field Analysis (NTFA) which is an order reduction based nonlinear homogenization method with micro-mechanical background. Theoretical and numerical aspects of the method are discussed and its computational efficiency is validated.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; microstructure ; order reduction method ; mesh generation ; computational homogenization ; composite materials ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Clean energy and fuel storage are often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of these clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development include hydrogen storage, direct electric storage, mechanical energy storage, solar–thermal energy storage, electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors), and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity, energy storage density, power output, operating temperature and pressure, cycle life, recyclability, and cost of clean energy or fuel storage are some of the factors that govern efficient energy and fuel storage technologies for potential deployment in energy harvesting (solar and wind farms) stations and onboard vehicular transportation. This Special Issue thus serves the need for promoting exploratory research and development on clean energy and fuel storage technologies while addressing their challenges to practical and sustainable infrastructures.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; MgH2 ; vertically oriented graphene ; gas loss ; concentrated solar power (CSP) ; complex hydrides ; PCM roof ; hydrogen storage systems ; slag ; bubbles transportation ; dye-sensitized solar cells ; undercooling ; methanogenesis ; electrochemical energy storage ; hydrogen storage ; Fischer–Tropsch ; state of charge estimator ; gas turbine engine ; simplified electrochemical model ; hot summer and cold winter area ; rock permeability ; flutter instability ; charge density ; binder ; salt cavern energy storage ; battery energy storage system ; capacitance ; LiNH2 ; ball milling ; production rate ; leaching tubing ; quality function deployment (QFD) ; nanocatalyst ; lab-scale ; thermal energy storage (TES) ; comprehensive incremental benefit ; lean direct injection ; Li-ion batteries ; separator ; four-point ; salt cavern ; low emissions combustion ; ionic liquid ; carbon materials ; nanocomposite materials ; electrical double layers ; recovery factor ; thermochemical energy storage ; Klinkenberg method ; flow-induced vibration ; cathode ; porous media ; metal hydride ; aquifer size ; diffusion ; auxiliary services compensation ; water invasion ; conjugate phase change heat transfer ; heat transfer enhancement ; failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) ; magnetism ; carbonate gas reservoirs ; equivalent loss of cycle life ; internal and reverse external axial flows ; thermal energy storage ; lithium-ion batteries ; bacterial sulfate reduction ; crystal growth rates ; optimal capacity ; gas storage ; energy discharge ; anode ; Ag nanoparticles ; regenerator ; hydrogen absorption ; freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays ; material science ; extended kalman filter ; reactive transport modeling ; synthetic rock salt testing ; hydrogen energy storage ; lattice Boltzmann method ; dynamic modeling ; bubbles burst ; Power to Liquid ; large-scale wind farm ; PHREEQC ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The papers collected in this special issue clearly reflect the modern research trends in materials science. These fields of specific attention are high-Mn TWIP steels, high-Cr heat resistant steels, aluminum alloys, ultrafine grained materials including those developed by severe plastic deformation, and high-entropy alloys. The major portion of the collected papers is focused on the mechanisms of microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of metallic materials subjected to various thermo-mechanical, deformation or heat treatments. Another large portion of the studies is aimed on the elaboration of alloying design of advanced steels and alloys. The changes in phase content, transformation and particle precipitation and their effect on the properties are also broadly presented in this collection, including the microstructure/property changes caused by irradiation.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; n/a ; microstructure ; high-pressure torsion ; electron backscattered diffraction ; grain boundary engineering ; strengthening mechanism ; precipitation ; recrystallization ; bimodal ferrite steel ; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ; hot compression ; metal–matrix composite ; columnar grain ; shape memory alloy ; hardness ; structural steel plate ; dynamic recovery ; nonmetallic inclusions ; SEM ; Cu-Al-Mn ; ferritic steel ; strain rate ; strengthening ; elastocaloric effect ; Mg–Sm–Zn–Zr ; dynamic recrystallization ; growth rate ; corrosion resistance ; lead-free solder ; high-Mn TWIP steel ; Sn-8.0Sb-3.0Ag ; SDSS ; measuring temperature ; texture ; martensitic steels ; dynamic precipitation ; nanoindentation ; Al-Fe-Si-Zr system ; low-temperature ; orientation relationship ; M23C6 ; PWHT ; grain refinement ; force peak ; aging ; cycle time ; amorphization ; Al metal matrix composites ; aluminum alloys ; in situ tensile testing ; microstructure evolution ; Cu-Cr-Zr ; irradiation ; EBSD ; welded rotor ; ?-phase ; high-entropy alloys ; creep ; martensitic expansion ; super duplex stainless steel ; mechanical properties ; high-Mn steel ; ion irradiation ; austenitic 304 stainless steels ; impact toughness ; cold rolling ; ultrafine-grained microstructure ; press hardening ; mechanical property ; recovery ; annealing ; deformation twinning ; post-weld heat treatment ; rare earth control ; abnormal grain growth ; electron microscopy ; sub-merged arc welding ; M6C ; RAFM steels ; microstructure analysis ; electrical resistivity ; twinning ; Sb solder ; work hardening ; microhardness ; hot stamping ; weld metal ; electrical conductivity ; solder microstructure ; annealing twins ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 88
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Stimuli-responsive polymer systems can be defined as functional materials that show physical or chemical property changes in response to external stimuli such as temperature, radiation, chemical agents, pH, mechanical stress, and electric and magnetic fields. Recent developments in manufacturing techniques have facilitated the production of a wide range of stimuli-responsive polymer systems, such as micro- and nanoscale structures, with potential applications in soft sensors and actuators, smart textiles, soft robots, and artificial muscles. This book brings together the recent progress in manufacturing techniques, with particular emphasis on 3D and 4D printing and applications of stimuli-responsive polymer systems in biomedicine and soft robotics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; 3D print ; modeling ; hindered phenol ; permeability ; experiments ; interpenetrated polymers ; acrylic rubber ; soft robotic actuators ; silk fibroin ; shape-memory polymer ; biomedical applications ; 4D printing ; stimuli-responsive materials ; relative humidity ; shape memory polymer ; bioink ; climatic chamber ; diffraction gratings ; soft actuator ; FEM ; hydrogen bonding ; self-morphing ; gelatin ; stimuli-responsive polymer ; soft robot ; 3D printing ; properties ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Engineering mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics where mathematical methods and techniques are implemented for solving problems related to the engineering and industry. It also represents a multidisciplinary approach where theoretical and practical aspects are deeply merged with the aim at obtaining optimized solutions. In line with that, the present Special Issue, 'Engineering Mathematics in Ship Design', is focused, in particular, with the use of this sort of engineering science in the design of ships and vessels. Articles are welcome when applied science or computation science in ship design represent the core of the discussion.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Lead-Zirconium-Titanium (PZT) ; n/a ; H.O.M.E.R. nozzle ; finite element ; low-speed Diesel engine ; piezoelectric sensor ; AHP method ; environmental management system ; SPH ; state-of-the-art ; marine transport ; single-stepped planing hulls ; optimisation ; finite element method ; computational fluid dynamic ; slamming ; FSI ; roll motion ; harmonic excitation ; external forces ; towing tank tests ; modelling ; roll damping ; ISO 9126 ; selection ; stiffened plate ; numerical model ; damaged sensor ; CFD ; symmetric 2D + T theory ; hydroelasticity ; ISO 14001 ; water entry ; plate ; constitutive model ; turbulence model ; SHIPMOVE ; impact traction ; fixed pitch propeller ; stiffeners ; numerical simulation ; cavitation ; controllable pitch propeller ; ISO 14598 ; MMG Model ; hydrodynamic forces ; balanced scorecard ; finite volume method ; deflection ; constructal design ; fluid-structure interaction ; MCDM method ; marine industry ; ship design ; fracture mechanics ; coanda effect ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue contains a series of excellent research works on telecommunications and signal processing, selected from the 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP) which was held on July 4–6, 2018, in Athens, Greece. The conference was organized in cooperation with the IEEE Region 8 (Europe, Middle East, and Africa), IEEE Greece Section, IEEE Czechoslovakia Section, and IEEE Czechoslovakia Section SP/CAS/COM Joint Chapter by seventeen universities from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Turkey, Taiwan, Japan, Slovak Republic, Spain, Bulgaria, France, Slovenia, Croatia, and Poland, for academics, researchers, and developers, and serves as a premier international forum for the annual exchange and promotion of the latest advances in telecommunication technology and signal processing. The aim of the conference is to bring together both novice and experienced scientists, developers, and specialists, to meet new colleagues, collect new ideas, and establish new cooperation between research groups from universities, research centers, and private sectors worldwide. This collection of 10 papers is highly recommended for researchers, and believed to be interesting, inspiring, and motivating for readers in their further research.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; similarity measure ; dynamic time warping ; n/a ; Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) ; multispectral information ; transmission convergence layer ; 3D segmentation ; micrographia ; MATLAB ; neural network ; wireless communication ; identification ; interference alignment ; Parkinson’s disease dysgraphia ; NG-PON2 ; timing ; GPON ; semantic segmentation ; fractional-order filters ; maximum likelihood criterion ; kinematic analysis ; multitemporal data ; fractional calculus ; multi-hop relay network ; u-net ; interference leakage ; Richardson iteration ; activation process ; acoustic analysis ; follow-up study ; fractional-order derivative ; electrocardiogram (ECG) ; deep learning ; security ; modulo M quasi-stationary ; cognitive radio ; low-pass filters ; time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter (TIADC) ; sample-and-hold (S/H) mismatch ; authentication ; pattern recognition ; online handwriting ; sparse inference ; Taylor series ; EPON ; open-source ; spine ; machine learning ; brain ; signal representation ; magnitude responses ; Chebyshev filters ; XG-PON ; phonation ; hypokinetic dysarthria ; Parkinson’s disease ; overcomplete multi-scale dictionary construction ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Acquiring knowledge is a life-long process; we constantly need to keep abreast of developments and progress in science and other disciplines. Embracing a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) means practicing constant self-reflection, involving evaluation of the academic career and the ways in which strategies are designed to examine, interpret, and share learning about teaching. This practice not only yields benefits to the lecturer but also enriches the scholarly community in the discipline. In general, SoTL is regarded as a vibrant practice of ongoing self-criticism and sharing, which results in accumulated teaching experiences for teachers, students, and the teaching community at large. This book is a contribution from authors sharing their experiences, how their teaching portfolios reflect their personal development as teachers, and how their teaching experiences are embedded in the scholarship of teaching and learning.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; high school ; education ; active methodology ; spatial visualization ; improving classroom teaching ; faculty ; evaluation ; feedback ; curriculum development ; active learning ; outcomes ; learning activity ; critical pedagogy ; module ; engineering ; sustainability ; teaching/learning strategies ; PDF-3D ; self-reflection ; GIS ; crystal system ; chemical education ; systems engineering ; survey ; satellite data ; engineering education research ; viscometer ; anti-deficit approach ; ternary phase diagrams ; engineering education ; service-learning ; design ; CDIO ; professionalization ; re-thinking the teaching ; didactic virtual resources ; open source software ; didactic virtual tools ; reverse engineering ; underrepresented minorities ; critical theoretical frameworks ; pass rate ; hidden curriculum ; role-play ; simulations ; STEM ; Green Engineering ; inductive methods ; moderation ; mixed-methods ; project-based learning ; learning tool ; spatial abilities ; engineering curriculum ; Bravais lattices ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 92
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    KIT Scientific Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this book, the first high-speed silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) modulator is demonstrated by exploiting a highly-nonlinear polymer cladding and a silicon waveguide. By using a liquid crystal cladding instead, an ultra-low power phase shifter is obtained. A third type of device is proposed for achieving three-wave mixing on the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform. Finally, new physical constants which describe the optical absorption in charge accumulation/inversion layers in silicon are determined.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; optical absorption ; high-speed modulators ; mid-IR ; Silicon photonics ; liquid crystals ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The use of machine learning in mechanics is booming. Algorithms inspired by developments in the field of artificial intelligence today cover increasingly varied fields of application. This book illustrates recent results on coupling machine learning with computational mechanics, particularly for the construction of surrogate models or reduced order models. The articles contained in this compilation were presented at the EUROMECH Colloquium 597, « Reduced Order Modeling in Mechanics of Materials », held in Bad Herrenalb, Germany, from August 28th to August 31th 2018. In this book, Artificial Neural Networks are coupled to physics-based models. The tensor format of simulation data is exploited in surrogate models or for data pruning. Various reduced order models are proposed via machine learning strategies applied to simulation data. Since reduced order models have specific approximation errors, error estimators are also proposed in this book. The proposed numerical examples are very close to engineering problems. The reader would find this book to be a useful reference in identifying progress in machine learning and reduced order modeling for computational mechanics.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; supervised machine learning ; proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) ; PGD compression ; stabilization ; nonlinear reduced order model ; gappy POD ; symplectic model order reduction ; neural network ; snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition ; 3D reconstruction ; microstructure property linkage ; nonlinear material behaviour ; proper orthogonal decomposition ; reduced basis ; ECSW ; geometric nonlinearity ; POD ; model order reduction ; elasto-viscoplasticity ; sampling ; surrogate modeling ; model reduction ; enhanced POD ; archive ; modal analysis ; low-rank approximation ; computational homogenization ; artificial neural networks ; unsupervised machine learning ; large strain ; reduced-order model ; proper generalised decomposition (PGD) ; a priori enrichment ; elastoviscoplastic behavior ; error indicator ; computational homogenisation ; empirical cubature method ; nonlinear structural mechanics ; reduced integration domain ; model order reduction (MOR) ; structure preservation of symplecticity ; heterogeneous data ; reduced order modeling (ROM) ; parameter-dependent model ; data science ; Hencky strain ; dynamic extrapolation ; tensor-train decomposition ; hyper-reduction ; empirical cubature ; randomised SVD ; machine learning ; inverse problem plasticity ; proper symplectic decomposition (PSD) ; finite deformation ; Hamiltonian system ; DEIM ; GNAT ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The electrospinning method has the unique ability to produce structured polymeric fibers on the micro or nano scale and to generate novel materials for food and healthcare purposes. The potential of electrospun nanofibers for human healthcare applications is promising, for example, in tissue/organ repair and regeneration, in medical diagnostics and instrumentation, and as vectors to deliver drugs and therapeutics, as biocompatible and biodegradable medical implant devices, as protective fabrics against environmental and infectious agents in hospitals and general surroundings. Furthermore, considerable effort has been directed toward developing scaffolds using biodegradable and biocompatible synthetic, natural polymers or renewable materials that enhance in vitro cell growth, while killing pathogenic bacteria cells. This Special Issue ""Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers for Food and Health Applications” will cover the latest research of electrospun nanofibres in this field including shape-memory electrospun fibre meshes with programmable cell orientation, water-absorbing nano?ber meshes for e?cient removal of excess water from kidney failure patients, and hydrogel nano?bers which can be used as a drug carrier for methylene blue.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; carboxymethyl sago pulp ; poly(sodium acrylate) ; Curcuma comosa ; brittleness ; S. aureus ; nanofiber mat ; electrospinning ; melting temperature ; water absorbing materials ; polyurethane ; S. epidermidis ; shape memory polymer ; nanofiber ; cell orientation ; nanofibers ; shape memory nanofiber ; controlled release ; hydrogel ; hemodialysis ; ZnO ; poly(?-caprolactone) ; polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ; gelatin ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Multiscale modeling of cardiac electrophysiology helps to better understand the underlying mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, acute cardiac ischemia and pharmacological treatment. For this purpose, measurement data reflecting these conditions have to be integrated into models of cardiac electrophysiology. Several methods for this model adaptation are introduced in this thesis. The resulting effects are investigated in multiscale simulations ranging from the ion channel up to the body surface.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; acute cardiac ischemia ; parameter adaptation ; pharmacological therapy ; atrial fibrillation ; cardiac modeling ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book focuses on remote sensing for urban deformation monitoring. In particular, it highlights how deformation monitoring in urban areas can be carried out using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomography (TomoSAR). Several contributions show the capabilities of Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and PSI techniques for urban deformation monitoring. Some of them show the advantages of TomoSAR in un-mixing multiple scatterers for urban mapping and monitoring. This book is dedicated to the technical and scientific community interested in urban applications. It is useful for choosing the appropriate technique and gaining an assessment of the expected performance. The book will also be useful to researchers, as it provides information on the state-of-the-art and new trends in this field
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; surface subsidence ; PS ; permanent scatterers ; land subsidence ; PS-InSAR ; thermal dilation ; SBAS-InSAR ; Sepulveda Transit Corridor ; deformation ; differential SAR interferometry ; reclaimed land ; Istanbul ; deformation monitoring ; skyscrapers ; generalized likelihood ratio test ; validation ; uplift ; displacement monitoring ; pursuit monostatic ; radar interferometry ; Sentinel-1A ; urbanization ; synthetic aperture radar ; Turkey ; terraSAR-X ; geological and geomorphological mapping ; London ; differential compaction ; expansive soils ; health monitoring ; Copernicus Sentinel-1 ; displacement mapping ; PALSAR ; land reclamation ; tomography ; Venetian-Friulian Plain ; ALOS PALSAR ; multi-temporal DInSAR ; SAR interferometry ; InSAR ; persistent scatterers ; carbonate karstification ; ENVISAT ASAR ; multiple PS detection ; sparse signals ; urban subsidence ; time series InSAR analysis ; time series analysis ; Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) ; engineering construction ; Rome ; persistent scatterer interferometry ; subsidence ; persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) ; SNAP-StaMPS ; Lingang New City ; dewatering ; atmospheric component ; urban deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1 ; differential interferometry ; Late-Quaternary deposits ; modelling ; Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test ; Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; Capon estimation ; differential tomography ; deformation time series ; groundwater level variation ; radar detection ; multi-look SAR tomography ; spaceborne SAR ; SAR ; ERS-1/-2 ; reclamation settlements ; Wuhan ; subsidence monitoring ; water level changes ; polarimetry ; asymmetric subsidence ; urban monitoring ; urban areas ; landslide ; SAR tomography ; Urayasu City ; risk ; Los Angeles ; PALSAR-2 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Solid oxide fuel cells offer great prospects for the sustainable, clean and safe conversion of various fuels into electrical energy. In this thesis, the performance-determining loss processes for the cell operation on reformate fuels are elucidated via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Model-based analyses reveal the electrochemical fuel oxidation mechanism, the coupling of fuel gas transport and reforming chemistry and the impact of fuel impurities on the degradation of each loss process.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Reforming Chemistry ; Impedance Spectroscopy ; Electrochemistry ; Modeling ; SOFC ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The need for efficient and sustainable management methods of mine waste is continuously growing all around the world. These waste products often present serious management problems due to their more or less significant amounts and possible environmental threats. This Special Issue highlights the recent and new trends in sustainable mine waste management techniques. Currently, it is essential to sustainably manage mine waste, considering social, economic, environmental and technical aspects. In this Special Issue, insights related to the following issues are highlighted: the problems around mine waste, the fine characterization of mine waste, the latest available technical and environmental solutions to efficiently manage mine waste, including treatment and processing before disposal and high value element recovery, with the view of moving towards defining effective, low-cost and ecofriendly methods, the recycling of mine waste products as alternative resources in different sectors, and finally laboratory, pilot and/or industrial-scale studies related to these topics of research. Scientists and industry and governance stakeholders have to face these new challenges to find the best management practices for the future.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; TN1-997 ; n/a ; geographical information systems ; reuse ; kinetic test ; microstructure ; mining waste ; cemented paste backfill ; mixing ; metals ; economic potential ; paste pH ; bibliometric analysis ; multivariate analysis ; Bayer red mud ; iron recovery ; flow behavior ; attenuation mechanisms ; magnesium oxide ; environmental mineralogy ; iron ore tailings ; sulfides ; anthropogenic mineral resources (AMR) ; alkaline amendments ; exploration ; long-term storage ; mining and mineral processing waste (MMPW) ; mineralogical characterization ; Zgounder mine ; sustainable resource management ; leaching ; sustainability ; LIBS ; AMR processing ; gravity separation ; heap leaching ; sustainable development ; Joutel mine ; tailings ; circular economy ; stamp mill ; silver ; acid mine drainage ; flotation ; siderite ; mobility ; mine drainage ; mine tailings ; mine waste ; remediation ; desulfurization ; geochemical behavior ; pH ; loss and lost profits ; low-grade silver ores ; aquatic systems ; hydrotalcite-like compounds ; core scanner ; rheology ; soil washing ; cementitious amendments ; historic tailings ; gold reprocessing ; chemical species ; systematic review ; concrete composite admixtures ; dump leaching ; kinetic testing ; tailings management ; reaction kinetics ; industrial ecology ; management ; contaminant ; valorisation ; recovering alkali ; environmental damage ; copper tailings dump ; spatial mapping ; supergene processes ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: A single-crystal plasticity model as well as a gradient crystal plasticity model are used to describe the creep behavior of directionally solidi?ed NiAl based eutectic alloys. To consider the transition from theoretical to bulk strength, a hardening model was introduced to describe the strength of the reinforcing phases. Moreover, to account for microstructural changes due to material ?ux, a coupled diffusional-mechanical simulation model was introduced.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Crystal plasticity ; Creep ; Directional solidification ; Gradient plasticity ; Finite element simulation ; Kriechen ; Gerichtete Erstarrung ; Finite Elemente Methode ; Kristallplastizität ; Gradientenplastizität ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This specialist edition features key innovations in the science and engineering of new grinding processes, abrasives, tools, machines, and systems for a range of important industrial applications. Topics written by invited, internationally recognized authors review the advances and present results of research over a range of well-known grinding processes. A significant introductory review chapter explores innovations to achieve high productivity and very high precision in grinding. The reviewed applications range from grinding systems for very large lenses and reflectors, through to medium size grinding machine processes, and down to grinding very small components used in MEMS . Early research chapters explore the influence of grinding wheel topography on surface integrity and wheel wear. A novel chapter on abrasive processes also addresses the finishing of parts produced by additive manufacturing through mass finishing. Materials to be ground range from conventional engineering steels to aerospace materials, ceramics, and composites. The research findings highlight important new results for avoiding material sub-surface damage. The papers compiled in this book include references to many source publications which will be found invaluable for further research, such as new features introduced into control systems to improve process efficiency. The papers also reflect significant improvements and research findings relating to many aspects of grinding processes, including machines, materials, abrasives, wheel preparation, coolants, lubricants, and fluid delivery. Finally, a definitive chapter summarizes the optimal settings for high precision and the achievement of centerless grinding stability.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; wheels ; safe operation ; precision ; lubrication ; surface roughness ; microgrinding ; high-performance dry grinding ; micro-grinding ; brittle hard materials ; glass ; micropencil grinding tools ; topography ; glass–ceramic ; cutting edge ; coolant delivery ; quality ; fusion ; materials ; metal additive manufacturing ; profile gear grinding ; grinding fluid ; coolant ; contact conditions ; metal cutting fluid ; grinding ; self-sharpening ; mass finishing ; process optimization ; centerless grinding ; grinding fluid nozzle ; laser ; productivity ; systems ; subsurface damages ; NC-form grinding ; sodium dodecyl sulfate ; grinding wheels ; processes ; jet breakup ; control ; removal rates ; wear modelling ; precision grinding ; optics manufacturing ; sensors ; bonding ; microstructures ; machines ; thermo-mechanical stress collective ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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