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  • ddc:320  (35)
  • 553.21  (24)
  • German  (41)
  • English  (18)
  • 2020-2022  (59)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Hier finden sie das Inhaltsverszeichnis, das Vorwort, sowie die Totenseite der TELMA, Band 49 (2019).
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: editorial
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Bedingt durch gesetzliche Vorgaben ist die Einheit der Wasserleitfähigkeit kD im Strömungsgesetz von Darcy volumenbasiert m3 · s · 10-4 · kg-1 und massebasiert 10-1 · s. Mit der Energiedichte Ψ im darcyschen Gesetz sind die Einheiten nicht bilanzierbar, jedoch im Fallgesetz, das das darcysche beinhaltet. Die Voraussetzung der Nutzung des Gesetzes von Darcy und des Fallgesetzes einschließlich Reibung und Gefälle werden vorgestellt.
    Description: Schlüsselwörter: Hydrodynamik, Koeffizienten der Wasserleitfähigkeit, Bodenwasserpotenzial, strömendes und schießendes Fließen
    Description: Due to federal laws of the BRD the unit of the water conductivity kD in the law of flow of water by Darcy based on the volume is m3 · s · 10-4 · kg-1 and based on the mass is 10-1 · s. With the use of the potential Ψ in the law of Darcy a balance of the units is not possible, but in the law of fall, which includes the law of Darcy. The prerequisite of the law of Darcy and the law of fall including friction and slope are presented.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; Hydrodynamik ; Bodenwasserpotenzial ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Mit dem Ziel gemeinsam eine regionale Blumenerde für Hobbygärtner/innen ohne Torf zu entwickeln, startete das zweijährige von der Metropolregion Nordwest geförderte Projekt „Nachhaltige Erden“ im September 2017. Fragen rund um Produktentwicklung, Qualität, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Marketing beschäftigten die Teilnehmer/innen, die gemeinsam an einem Fahrplan zur Entwicklung des Produktes arbeiteten. Es wurden Versuchsreihen aufgestellt, bei denen Pflanzenwachstum und Lagerfähigkeit verschiedener möglicher Mischungen getestet wurden. Neben der Untersuchung der Eignung verschiedener Kompostherkünfte, stand die Optimierung der Rezeptur für das gemeinsame Produkt im Vordergrund. Die Versuche zeigten, dass die untersuchten torffreien Blumenerden bei empfindlichen Pflanzenarten zu Chlorosen und Minderwuchs führten. Weniger empfindliche Pflanzenarten entwickelten sich in den torffreien Blumenerden ebenso gut wie in einer torfbasierten Blumenerde. Die Versuche wurden von der Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen durchgeführt. Bereits seit März 2019 ist das im Projekt entwickelte Produkt, die „Regionale Blumen- & Pflanzerde“, auf dem Markt erhältlich.
    Description: With the aim of developing a regional potting soil for hobby gardeners without peat, the two-year project „Sustainable substrates“ started in September 2017. It is funded by the Northwest Metropolitan Region. Questions concerning product development, quality, economic efficiency and marketing were the focus of the participants, who worked together to create a new product. Test series were established, in which plant growth and storage property of various possible mixtures were tested. In addition to investigating the suitability of different compost origins, the aim was to optimize the recipe for the common product. The test series showed that the investigated peat-free potting soils led to chlorosis and plant growth deficiency in case of sensitive plant species. Less sensitive plant species developed in peat-free potting soils in the same way than in peat-based potting soils. The tests were conducted by the Chamber of Agriculture Lower Saxony. The common product is already available since March 2019.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; substrate ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Das Kalktuff-Vorkommen im Quellgebiet der Radegast südlich von Gadebusch (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) gehört aufgrund von Qualität und Ausdehnung sowie der aktuellen Bildung von Kalktuff zu den bedeutendsten Vorkommen im Binnenland von Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Nach Auswertung vorhandener Unterlagen und Archivdaten wurden mit Hilfe von Sondierungsbohrungen und Laboranalysen Verbreitung, Mächtigkeit und Aufbau des Kalktuffs untersucht. Die hydrogeologischen Voraussetzungen für die Bildung dieses Vorkommens werden beschrieben. Nur im engeren Quellgebiet der Radegast konnte Kalktuff nachgewiesen werden, begünstigt durch den Zustrom von kalkreichem Grundwasser aus einem südlich gelegenen, mächtigen Grundwasserleiter. Das Grundwasser tritt hier im Hangbereich aus, wo der überlagernde Grundwassergeringleiter (Geschiebemergel) auskeilt. Erfasst wurden Wechsellagerungen von Kalktuffen und Quellsedimenten mit höheren Silikat- oder organischen Anteilen. Die Mächtigkeit der Kalktuff-Lagen beträgt in der Regel wenige Dezimeter. Aktuelle Kalktuffbildung findet ausschließlich im Randbereich der Quellbäche statt, eine begünstigende Rolle spielt dabei das Starknervmoos (Palustriella commutata). Die Untersuchungen stützen den vorhandenen Schutzstatus als Biotop und Geotop.
    Description: This contribution describes a calcareous tufa site in the spring area of the Radegast river south of the town Gadebusch (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany). It is one of the most important sites in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania due to its quality and extent as well as current calcareous tufa formation. After analyzing the available documents and historical data from the archives, the local extension, peat depth and development of calcareous tufa were examined using small diameter drillings and laboratory analyses. The hydrogeological conditions responsible for the development were described. Calcareous tufa was found only in close proximity to the spring area of the Radegast River. The formation is favored by calcium-rich groundwater from a subsurface deep aquifer south of the site. The groundwater seeps from the slope where the overlaying aquitard (till) extends. Alternating strata of calcareous tufa and spring sediments with high proportions of silicate and organic components were observed. The depth of the calcareous tufa was a few decimeters up to 2 - 3 m. Current calcareous tufa formation only occurs in the periphery of the spring brook, where the curled hookmoos (Palustriella commutata) dominates. The study results strongly support the actual protective status as a biotope and geotope.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; peatland ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Zwei mäßig degradierte Hochmoore der bayerischen Jungmoränenlandschaft werden vegetationsökologisch miteinander verglichen: das Birnbaumer Filz unmittelbar am Alpenrand und das Wildmoos 59 km weiter nördlich. Auf der Grundlage von Vegetationsaufnahmen werden typische Pflanzengesellschaften beider Moore klassifiziert und beschrieben, vor allem das Rhynchosporetum albae und das Sphagnetum magellanici. Auf die Rolle des Pino mugo-Sphagnetum wird im Zusammenhang mit der Drainage von Mooren hingewiesen und die klimabedingten Unterschiede beider Moore werden diskutiert. Diese manifestieren sich im Wildmoos teilweise in der Etablierung des Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum anstelle des Pino mugo-Sphagnetum. Auf das Vorhandensein von Schlenken im Wildmoos und die Rolle von Mineralbodenwasserzeigern in beiden Mooren wird eingegangen.
    Description: Two moderately degraded raised bogs of the Bavarian Alpine foreland are compared by phytosociology and site ecology: the „Birnbaumer Filz“ at the margins of the Alps and the „Wildmoos“ 59 km northwards in the terminal area of the formerly glaciated alpine foreland. Based on phytosociological relevés typical plant communities, the flora, and selected site conditions (pH and electrical conductivity) are described and analysed. The role of the Pino mugo-Sphagnetum and the continuing drainage of bogs is highlighted. Climatic differences between the two bogs are responsible for the establishment of Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum instead of the Pino mugo-Sphagnetum in the Wildmoos. The hummock-hollow pattern in the Wildmoos and the role of minerotrophic indicators are discussed.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; Vegetation ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 6
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In memoriam Herwig Patzer (30. September 1946 bis 29. April 2019)
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: editorial
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Nachruf ; obituary ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 7
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    In:  SUB Göttingen | ZA 34278
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Es werden die Einteilung, die chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften, vor allem aber die verschiedenen Analysenmöglichkeiten der Huminstoffe diskutiert. Danach ist eine eindeutige Einordnung der Huminstoffe in den Humifizierungsprozeß möglich. Mit diesen experimentellen Möglichkeiten sind spezifische und abgestufte Eigenschaften der Huminstoffe zu erkennen, die diese Naturstoffe bei sachgemäßer Gewinnung als unabhängig vom Isolierungsprozeß erscheinen lassen. Schließlich wird auf die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Huminstoffe eingegangen, mit Nicht-Huminstoffen zu reagieren.
    Description: There are discussed the classification, the chemical and physical properties, particularly the different possibilities of analysis of humic substances. Accordingly is given a significant classification of humic substances in the process of humification. With these experimental possibilities are to state specific and differentiated properties of humic substances, which allow to recognize after correct isolation these substances as independent from their isolation. Finally are discussed the manifold possibilities of humic substances to react with other compounds.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Ökologie ; Torf ; Huminstoffe ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Zwischen 2004 und 2006 wurde die Struktur der Lepidopteren- und Trichopterenvergesellschaftungen in einem Moorkomplex bei Karhujärvi (Nordostfinnland) untersucht. Angrenzend an den Komplex existie- ren ausgedehnte Ökotonbereiche zum borealen Nadelwald, zu einem großen See und zum Grünland, denen in den Untersuchungen besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wurde. Es konnten 26 tagfliegende Schmetterlings- und 9 Trichopterenarten nachgewiesen werden. Besonders diverse Schmetterlingsver- gesellschaftungen traten in den Ökotonbereichen zwischen Moor und Wald sowie Moor und Wiese mit 10 bzw. 12 Taxa auf. Das Gros der Trichopterenlarven konnte in den Uferbereichen des angrenzenden Sees nachgewiesen werden, nur 2 Arten (Phryganea bipunctata und Agrypnia obsoleta) fanden im Moor hinreichende Vermehrungsbedingungen.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Biozönosen ; Karhujärvi ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article_digi
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Hungary is among the countries containing few peat resources, but it is noteworthy for the existence of fens, which are a highly valuable habitat rarely found in Europe. The total area of fens has drastically been reduced over the past 200 years, however. A dilemma exists, because on one hand, peat extraction destroys natural resources, while on the other hand it simultaneously creates newly-formed wetland habitats, secondary mires and swamps. Twenty-to- forty years after mining, these once cut-away peatlands turn into rich, diverse refuge areas, which play a unique role in preserving the biomes of fens and swamps, and in peat re-accumulation. They serve as a habitat for rare plant species, as well as birds and fishes. Due to the unique role of these areas, 76 percent of the approximately 6000 hectares of extracted peatlands in Hungary is protected natural area. Many of these lands serve as demonstration areas for our natural heritage. In spite of these benefits, the rate of peat mining has been declining. During the past decade, the extracted volumes were only about 200 000 cubic meters per year. Nowadays peat is only used in horticulture, in balneology, and as a filter and adsorbent material. This article summarizes the current situation of peat mining in Hungary, while it also analyzes the distri- bution by size and age of peat mines, and demonstrates the current use of cut-away peat lands. It also pro- vides data to show the significance of cut-away peat lands in nature conservation.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Torfgewinnung ; nature conservation ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die vorliegende Zusammenstellung der Veröffentlichungen auf dem Gebiet „Moor und Torf“ umfasst 102 Titel.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: bibliography
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Im Wintersemester 1911/1912 wurde an der Technischen Hochschule Hannover die Versuchsanstalt für technische Moorverwertung ins Leben gerufen und dem Lehrstuhl für Chemie zugeordnet. Die Versuchsanstalt sollte in Ergänzung zur Moorversuchsstation Bremen Möglichkeiten der wirtschaftlichen Nutzung von Torf erkunden und Lösungen für einen rationellen Torfabbau entwickeln. In den 1950er Jahren erfuhr die Versuchsanstalt als Torfinstitut eine Neuausrichtung mit veränderter Aufgabenstellung außerhalb der Technischen Hochschule Hannover, ehe die Einrichtung in den 1970er Jahren, aufgrund politischer Vorgaben in das Niedersächsische Landesamt für Bodenforschung integriert, dort schnell an Bedeutung verlor. Die aus Glasnegativen und mehreren hundert Einzelstücken bestehende Probensammlung des Torfinstituts gelangte seinerzeit zur Lagerung an das Schlossmuseum Landestrost bei Neustadt am Rübenberge. Im Jahre 2015 kam es zur Schließung des dort eingerichteten Torfmuseums. Das Niedersächsische Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie, als Rechtsnachfolger des Landesamtes für Bodenforschung Besitzer des Depositum des Torfinstituts, holte die Sammlung nach Hannover an das Landesamt zurück, ehe die Bestände 2017 an das Emsland Moormuseum als Dauerleihgabe abgegeben wurden. Da das Emsland Moormuseum seit Jahren Grundlagenforschung zur Geschichte der Ödlandkultivierung und Torfindustrie betreibt, wurde so sichergestellt, dass die Sammlung nicht nur verwahrt, sondern auch zukünftig erforscht wird. Der hier vorgelegte Aufsatz nimmt eine erste Einordnung der Arbeit des Torfinstituts in die Zeitläufte vor.
    Description: In the winter semester of 1911/1912 the university of technology Hanover set up a research institute for technical peat exploitation which has been assigned to the chair of chemistry. This research institute, in addition to the peat research station in Bremen, was supposed to explore possibilities of the economic use of peat and to find solutions for a rational cutback of peat. In the 50s the research institute, as a peat institute, experienced a realignment with modified task beyond the University of technology Hanover, before in 1970 the institution has been integrated in the state office for soil research of Lower Saxony and became less important rapidly. The collection of this peat institute, consisting of several hundred unique pieces as well as several glass negatives, has been handed over to the Schlossmuseum Landestrost by Neustadt at Rübenberge at that time. In 2015 the peat museum, which has been set up, were closed. The state office for mining, energy and geology of Lower Saxony as legal successor of the state office of soil research, owner of the depositum of the peat institute, brought back the collection to the state office Hanover. In 2017 the Emsland Moormuseum received their stock as a permanent loan. As the Emsland Moormuseum conduct basic research to the history of the wasteland cultivation and peat industry, it has been ensured that the collection is not only kept but also researched. This here submitted essay presents a first classification of the work of the peat institute in the time processes.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; Torfinstitut ; Torfforschung ; Versuchsanstalt ; Keppler ; Gordon ; Neynaber ; peatland ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 12
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    Walter Dorn Verlag, Bremen-Horn
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z Pol 465:41
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Kaum eines er nordwestdeutschen Hochmoore bietet in seinem Aufbau so viel an Eigenart und zugleich an Bedeutung für allgemeine Fragen der nacheiszeitlichen Vegetations- und Klimageschichte, wie das Große Moor, welches die Talmulde der bei Gifhorn in die Aller fließenden Ilse erfüllt. Am Südostrand der Lüneburger Heide gelegen, ist es unter den großen ombrogenen Mooren des FIachlandes das südöstlichste. Offenbar der klimatischen Grenze nicht mehr fern, bis zu der die schon wesentIich abgeschwächte Ozeanität eine Entwicklung echter Hochmoore noch zulässt, hat die Schichtenfolge des Gifhorner Moores Klimaschwankungen verzeichnet, auf welche andere, in niederschlagsreicheren und wintermilderen Teilen Niedersachsens gewachsene Hochmoore weit weniger deutlich ober gar nicht mehr reagiert haben.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moorkunde {Geologie} ; Moor ; Stratigraphie ; Moorpflanzen ; Vegetationsentwicklung ; Pollenanalyse ; Klima ; Botanik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 63 Seiten, [3] gef. Blatt
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  • 13
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    In:  SUB Göttingen | ZA 34278
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Ein allgemeines Modell für ein Huminstoffsystem wird vorgeschlagen. Dieses wird abgeleitet aus der Unterscheidung der konstituierenden Systembestandteile: Huminsäure-Vorstufen (HsV), Huminsäuren (Hs) und Nicht-Huminstoffen (NHmst), ihren Bildungsmodalitäten und dafür spezifischen ε -Übergängen. Die Tragweite dieses Modells wird anhand einer Analyse der Reaktionen der Huminstoffe mit Nicht-Huminstoffen und der daraus sich ergebenden Bindungsarten geprüft.
    Description: A general model for a system of humic substances is proposed. This is derived from the distinction of the components of the system: precursors of humic acids, humic acids and non humic substances, their modalities of genesis and thereto specific ε-transitions.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Ökologie ; Torf ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 14
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    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | ZA 34278
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Eine gewöhnlich hilfreiche Ursache-Wirkung-Beziehung als heuristisches Prinzip zur Interpretation biochemischer Wirkungen wird bei Huminstoffen seltener zur Anwendung kommen, da diese keine reproduzierbare chemische Konstitution haben, von der sich a priori derartige Effekte ableiten lassen. Dennoch gehen von diesen Naturstoffen dezidierte wie auch recht unspezifische biochemische Wirkungen aus.
    Description: In the field of humic substances there is no good use of the common heuristic principle of biochemical cause/impact interpretation, because it is impossible to reproduce their chemical constitution which could be made responsible for such effects. There is, on the other hand, no doubt that these natural substances are able to bring about as well specific as quite unspecific biochemical effects.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Torf ; peat ; Huminstoffe ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 15
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    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | ZA 34278
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Auf die besondere Beweislage zum Problem "Huminstoffe und ihre Wirkungsmöglichkeiten in der Balneologie" wird hingewiesen. Hierzu werden die notwendigen experimentellen Voraussetzungen und ein Modell zum Nachweis der Wirkmöglichkeiten diskutiert. Die Beweisführung in dieser Sache wird am Beispiel der Behebung tubarer Sterilitätsformen durch das Torfbreibad demonstriert mit den Teilschritten: - Versuchsziel, - materiale Voraussetzungen (Torfinhaltsstoffe), - Heilerfolg und biochemischer Sachverhalt, - Rückkoppelung: Biochemischer Sachverhalt-Torfinhaltsstoffe.
    Description: The author is indicating the special burden of proof in the case of humic substances and their efficiencies in balneotherapy. For this the necessary experimental preconditions and a model for the proof of effectivity is discussed. Presentation of evidence in this affair is demonstrated on the base of repair of forms of tube sterility with the help of peat-mud baths, following the steps: - aim of research, - essential materials (peat substances), - curative success, biochemical circumstances, - feedback biochemical circumstances: peat substances.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Torf ; Huminstoffe ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die entwässerungsbasierte Nutzung von Moorstandorten führt einerseits zu einer erheblichen Emission von Treibhausgasen und andererseits zum Verlust der Ökosystemdienstleistungen und Lebensraumfunktionen eines naturnahen Moores. Zur Wiederherstellung von landwirtschaftlich vorgenutzten Hochmoorbiotopen fehlen bisher strukturierte, wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse. Anders als ehemalige Torfabbau- oder Ödlandflächen waren intensiv genutzte landwirtschaftliche Flächen bisher nicht Ziel von großflächigen und wissenschaftlich begleiteten Wiederherrichtungsmaßnahmen. Vorrangiges Ziel des Projekts „OptiMoor – Erprobung und Entwicklung der Sanierung von landwirtschaftlich vorgenutzten Hochmooren zur Erhöhung der Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicherung“ ist die Entwicklung eines Leitfadens für die Wiederherstellung von Hochmoorbiotopen nach intensiver landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung. Darin werden Maßnahmen beschrieben, die sich als erfolgsversprechend für die Umwandlung von Hochmoorgrünland zurück in ein naturnahes Hochmoorökosystem erwiesen haben. Das Projekt wird gefördert im Rahmen eines „Erprobungs- und Entwicklungsvorhabens“ des Bundesamts für Naturschutz sowie im durch das EFRE Förderprogramms „Klimaschutz durch Moorentwicklung“ des Landes Niedersachsens.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 553.21 ; conference report ; Tagungsbericht ; Landwirtschaft ; land-use ; Moor ; Torf ; peat ; peatland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die Jahrestagung der DGMT war mit 106 Teilnehmern sehr gut besucht. Es wurden 14 Vorträge gehalten, 21 Poster präsentiert und zwei Exkursionen angeboten. Erstmalig fand in diesem Jahr in Kooperation mit dem Bildungszentrum für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNUR) ein Fotowettbewerb zu der Thematik „Neue Blicke ins Moor“ statt.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Tagungsbericht ; Moor ; Torf ; conference report ; peatland ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Etwa 30 Personen aus Wissenschaft, Verwaltung und Verbänden sind der Einladung der Sektionen 1 und 5 der DGMT gefolgt, um sich am 26. April 2019 an der Humboldt-Universität über die Methoden zur Quantifizierung von Moorverlusten und Moorwachstum auszutauschen.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; Tagungsbericht ; peatland ; peat ; conference report ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Hochmoore gehören zu den am stärksten gefährdeten Lebensräumen in Deutschland. Die Wiederherstellung von Hochmoorbiotopen konzentriert sich bisher auf ehemalige Torfabbauflächen, obwohl allein in Niedersachsen 54% der Hochmoore als Grünland genutzt werden. Strategien zur Wiederherstellung von Hochmoorbiotopen auf ehemals intensiv genutztem Moorgrünland werden von 2016 bis 2021 im Projekt „OptiMoor“ entwickelt und erprobt. Ziel ist es, einen Leitfaden für die Sanierung degradierter Hochmoore unter landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung zu entwickeln. Dafür wurde im Hankhauser Moor (Niedersachsen) auf einer Fläche von ca. 1 ha ein Parzellenversuch eingerichtet. Erste Untersuchungen vor der Flächeneinrichtung zeigen, dass die biogeochemischen Voraussetzungen von langjährig intensiv genutztem Hochmoorgrünland aufgrund von hohen Nährstoffüberschüssen als schlecht anzusehen sind. Außerdem wird sichtbar, dass das Vegetations- und Diasporenpotenzial von intensiv genutztem Hochmoorgrünland zur Wiederherstellung von Hochmoorbiotopen dramatisch gering ist, so dass die Zielvegetation innerhalb weniger Jahre wahrscheinlich nur durch Oberbodenabtrag und Beimpfung mit Torfmoosfragmenten etabliert werden kann. In sechs Varianten und einer Referenzfläche werden daher verschiedene Kombinationen von Wiedervernässung, Oberbodenabtrag und Beimpfung mit Zielvegetation getestet und sowohl klimaschutz- als auch naturschutzfachlich untersucht. Über die Einrichtung eines differenzierten Wassermanagements werden annähernd gleichmäßig hohe Wasserstände in allen Varianten garantiert. Die Flächeneinrichtung, -pflege und das Wassermanagement wird vom Europäischen Fachzentrum Moor und Klima Wagenfeld GmbH durchgeführt. Die wissenschaftliche Begleitung wird seitens der Landschaftsökologie und Standortkunde der Universität Rostock betreut. Über einen Monitoring-Zeitraum von drei Jahren soll das Projekt einen detaillierten Einblick in die Prozesse der Etablierungsphase verschiedener Sanierungsoptionen liefern.
    Description: Schlüsselwörter: Hochmoor, Wiedervernässung, Oberbodenabtrag, Torfmoos, Diasporen
    Description: Peat bogs are among the most threatened biotopes in Germany. The restoration of peat bogs so far has been focusing on former peat extraction sites although most peat bogs are under intensive grassland use (54% in Niedersachsen). From 2016 to 2021 strategies of peat bog restoration after intensive grassland use are currently under exploration within the project “OptiMoor”. The aim of the project is the development of guidelines for optimal peat bog restoration. To achieve this, a 1-ha field trial has been set up in the ‘Hankhauser Moor’ in Niedersachsen, Germany. First surveys prior to field-trial installation show that the biogeochemical conditions for successful peat bog restoration are very unfavourable due to high nutrient contents and altered soil properties. In addition, the abundance of bog-typical vegetation and diaspores of the study area is dramatically low, suggesting, that target vegetation will only reclaim the bog after topsoil removal and spreading of bog-typical Sphagnum fragments from other sites. Therefore, six restoration approaches, with different combinations of rewetting, topsoil removal and Sphagnum spreading and a status-quo plot representing the sur roun ding intensive grassland use, have been set up. By installing a controlled water management, equal rewetting of the six restoration approaches is guaranteed. The field trial installation, maintenance, and water management are done by Europäisches Fachzentrum Moor und Klima Wagenfeld GmbH. The scientific survey is lead by the Landscape Ecology Group, University of Rostock. Over a monitoring phase of three years the project will give a detailed insight into the processes during the establishing phase of different peat bog restoration approaches after intensive grassland use.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In vier Brüchern im Nationalpark Hunsrück-Hochwald wurden Bohrkerne entnommen und die Großreste analysiert. Ausgewählte Großreste wurden datiert. Meist ist das untere Drittel des Profils stark zersetzt und mineralisiert. Diese Sedimente gehen in die Eichenmischwald-Zeit zurück. Es scheinen aber nur Verfüllungen von Senken oder Rinnen zu sein. Hier finden sich oft viele Juncus-Samen. Das eigentliche Torfwachstum beginnt meist mit Polytrichum commune und Sphagnum palustre und ist entgegen bisherigen Annahmen sehr jung. Es scheint durch die Kultur der Fichte gefördert zu sein. Es gab damit in der Vergangenheit keine ausdehnten Moore, die man durch Verschließen der Rinnen wieder zum Leben erwecken könnte.
    Description: Schlüsselwörter: Brücher, Nationalpark Hunsrück-Hochwald, Bohrkerne, Großreste, Moose, Datierung
    Description: In four mires in the Hunsrück-Hochwald National Park, peat cores were taken and the remains were analyzed. Selected macrofossils were dated. Most of the lower third of the profile is strongly decomposed and mineral. These sediments go back to mixed oak forest time. But these sediments seem only fillings of small valleys or gutters. There are often many Juncus seeds in these sediments. The real peat growth usually begins with Polytrichum commune and Sphagnum palustre and, contrary to previous assumptions, is very young. It seems to be supported by the culture of spruce. There were no extended peatlands in the past, which could be brought back to life by closing the gutters.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; Moose ; Makroreste ; peatland ; peat ; moss ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Rezensionen: 1.) TORNOW, D. (2018): Kursbuch Diepholzer Moorniederung. Schröderscher Buchverlag (Diepholz) 528 S., sehr großzügig bebildert. ISBN 13: 978-3-89728-085-4. ISBN 10: 389728085X. Preis: 30 €. Im Internet abrufbar unter: https://www.stadt-diepholz.de〉datei〉internet_fassung_dhm _einzelseiten_10_juni_2018(3). 2.) BÖNSEL, A. (2019): Regenmoore – Fantastische Landschaftsgebilde mit wundersamen Anpassungen. 261 S., zahlreiche Farbfotos, 21 S. Literaturverzeichnis, Demmler Verlag 18311 Ribnitz-Damgarten. ISBN: 978-3-95560-894-1. Preis: 30 €.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: bibliography
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Torf ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Vom 13. bis 15. Mai 2019 fand als Convention und Symposium in Bremen eine gemeinsame Veranstaltung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Moor- und Torfkunde (DGMT) e.V. und der International Peatland Society (IPS) statt. Unter der Überschrift: Future Use of Peat and Substitutes in Horticulture diskutierten über 120 Vertreter aus Wirtschaft, von NGO’s, Regierungsorganisationen und aus Forschungseinrichtungen aus 20 Ländern Fragen zur zukünftigen Torfnutzung in Erden und Substraten und mit welchen Rohstoffen der steigende Bedarf an Erden und Substraten in Zukunft gedeckt werden kann.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Tagungsbericht ; Moor ; Torf ; conference report ; peatland ; peat ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: An dem minerotrophen Moor am Windecksattel, 4 km nordöstlich vom Ifen (Vorarlberg, Österreich), und am ebenfalls minerotrophen Wildmoos am Geißbühel, 2 km ostsüdöstlich vom Ifen wurden ma- krofossil- und pollenanalytische Untersuchungen vorgenommen. Das Wildmoos am Geißbühel (1250 m NN) ist ein häufig beweidetes und daher weitgehend offenes Moor, das durch Zuflüsse aus den lockeren Schuttmassen eines alten Bergsturzes gespeist wird. Die Torfe sind bis zu gut 1,5 m mächtig. Das 14C-Alter eines Fichtenstubbens aus 1,6 m Tiefe beläuft sich auf 4135 ± 70 BP (konv.), so dass der „Geißbühel-Bergsturz“ um 3000 v. Chr. niedergegangen sein muss. Die Torfbildungsrate lag bei 0,3 bis 0,4 mm/Jahr. Die Makrofossilbefunde beginnen basal mit floristischen Hinweisen auf zeitweilig nicht sehr nasse Be- dingungen. In den hangenden Torfen folgt ein beständig artenreicher werdendes Spektrum von Moor- pflanzen ausschließlich sehr saurer und nährstoffarmer Standorte. Mindestens während dreier Jahrtau- sende hat das Moor in seinen nassen Bereichen diese sehr einheitliche Pflanzendecke getragen. In den jüngsten Ablagerungen deuten Wandlungen im Pollenbild auf die Zuwanderung der Walser gegen 1300 n. Chr. und ihre Viehwirtschaft hin. Das Windecksattel-Moor (1750 m NN) ist ein Sattelmoor und teilweise von dichten Latschenkieferge- büschen bedeckt. Von Süden kommende Zuflüsse werden durch die oberflächennah anstehenden Drus- bergschichten gestaut und haben zu einer bis zu 1,8 m mächtigen Moorbildung geführt. Die 14C-Datie- rung eines Kiefernstubbens aus einer Tiefe von 1,55 m ergab ein Alter von 2175 ± 45 BP (konv.). In den Torfen haben sich keine nennenswerten Wandlungen vollzogen. Unter den Resten der Höheren Pflanzen ließen sich bis zur Basis der Torfe praktisch keine „Kalkpflanzen“ finden, und auch „Kalk- moose“ traten nur selten auf. Verbreitet waren Arten sehr saurer und nährstoffarmer Standorte.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; Biowissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Paläobotanik ; Vorarlberg ; Hohen Ifen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2020-10-28
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2021-05-21
    Description: This article aims to analyse the potential for international climate governance to promote the decarbonisation of land transport. It first summarises challenges and barriers that impede the transformation of the sector. On this basis, the article discusses how international governance could potentially assist with overcoming these barriers and mobilising potentials. Subsequently, the article analyses to what extent existing international governance institutions deliver on the potential identified. The analysis finds that while there is a large number of international institutions trying to promote the decarbonisation of land transport, none of them emerge saliently as hubs or core institutions. There is a substantial amount of activity to generate and disseminate knowledge and learning, but the potential for providing guidance and signal, setting rules, providing transparency/accountability and means of implementation could be further exploited. The article concludes with suggestions on how international governance may be strengthened.
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: Climate change is a transformation challenge. It requires the transformation of a patchwork of independent socio-technical systems. These complex systems have their own specific challenges and path dependencies. Lukas Hermwille introduces a perspective on socio-technical complexity to the study of global climate governance and asks what governance arrangements on the international level, in particular the United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement, can offer to facilitate and foster the required transformational change. His work shows the importance of the discursive power of global climate governance, shifting the expectations and visions of the future of key actors and, as a corollary, changing their investment decisions of today towards a more sustainable future.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Type: doctoralthesis , doc-type:doctoralThesis
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2021-05-21
    Description: Fully decarbonising global power supply is essential to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement. A wide range of inter- and transnational governance institutions exist that work towards the transformation of the power sector. But are these governance efforts sufficient to address the challenges? To address this question the article first identifies governance needs on the basis of systemic sector-specific transformation challenges and discusses the potential for international governance to address them. Second, the paper surveys existing inter- and transnational institutions and assess to what extent they exploit the potential of international governance. The analysis shows that many of the governance needs are already being satisfied to some extent, particularly with respect to the deployment of renewable energy. It also shows that a significant blind spot remains: the phase-out of fossil fuels for electricity generation. The detailed analysis enables us to identify options for enhancing the governance landscape.
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
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    Language: German
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2021-04-20
    Description: While the Paris Agreement (PA) has enshrined ambitious long-term objectives, the current actions of the Parties to the Agreement fall far short of these goals. The Global Stocktake (GST), established in Art. 14 of the PA, may help narrow this gap between ambition and action: its purpose is to review the implementation of the PA and to assess the collective progress of the international community towards Paris goals. While some general modalities on how to conduct the GST have been adopted, the details are still to be determined. The objective of this report is to analyze existing international regimes as regards their review processes, the contribution of these review processes to various governance functions and, finally, to derive lessons for the GST. Processes analyzed include: the design of the upcoming Global Stocktake itself, the Talanoa Dialogue (TD) which is the direct precursor of the GST, the Agenda 2030 High-Level Political Forum (HLPF), which features a regular stocktaking process focused on progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the review processes of the UN human rights system (UNHRS) and the review processes and assessment panels of the Montreal Protocol (MP). The analysis of each review process is organised in four section: (1) political background and context, (2) technical and organisational details of the processes, (3) interface between the political and technical processes, and (4) how the review processes contribute to achieving the objectives of the respective regime, particularly governance functions of the regime (guidance and signal, transparency and accountability, and knowledge and learning).
    Keywords: ddc:320
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  • 31
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2021-05-21
    Description: This article develops a sectoral approach to the analysis of global climate governance. This approach advances the assessment of global climate governance by focusing on complexes of intergovernmental and transnational institutions co-governing key socio-technical sectoral systems. The actual and potential contribution of these sectoral institutional complexes to advancing decarbonization can be assessed according to five key governance functions: (1) providing guidance and signal to actors, (2) setting rules to facilitate collective action, (3) enhancing transparency and accountability, (4) offering support (finance, technology, capacity-building), and (5) promoting knowledge and learning. On this basis, we can assess the potential of international cooperation to address the challenges specific sectoral systems face in the climate transition as well as the extent to which existing sectoral institutional complexes deliver on this potential. This provides a solid starting point for developing options for filling identified gaps and enhancing the effectiveness of global climate governance.
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2021-07-28
    Description: This paper examines the Global Climate Action Agenda (GCAA) and discusses options to improve sub- and non-state involvement in post-2020 climate governance. A framework that stimulates sub- and non-state action is a necessary complement to national governmental action, as the latter falls short of achieving low-carbon and climate-resilient development as envisaged in the Paris Agreement. Applying design principles for an ideal-type orchestration framework, we review literature and gather expert judgements to assess whether the GCAA has been collaborative, comprehensive, evaluative and catalytic. Results show that there has been greater coordination among orchestrators, for instance in the organization of events. However, mobilization efforts remain event-driven and too little effort is invested in understanding the progress of sub- and non-state action. Data collection has improved, although more sophisticated indicators are needed to evaluate climate and sustainable development impacts. Finally, the GCAA has recorded more action, but relatively little by actors in developing countries. As the world seeks to recover from the COVID-19 crisis and enters a new decade of climate action, the GCAA could make a vital contribution in challenging times by helping governments keep and enhance climate commitments; strengthening capacity for sub- and non-state action; enabling accountability; and realizing sustainable development.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2021-08-06
    Description: Energy sufficiency is one of the three energy sustainability strategies, next to energy efficiency and renewable energies. We analyse to what extent European governments follow this strategy, by conducting a systematic document analysis of all available European National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) and Long-Term Strategies (LTSs). We collect and categorise a total of 230 sufficiency-related policy measures, finding large differences between countries. We find most sufficiency policies in the transport sector, when classifying also modal shift policies to change the service quality of transport as sufficiency policies. Types of sufficiency policy instruments vary considerably from sector to sector, for instance the focus on financial incentives and fiscal instruments in the mobility sector, information in the building sector, and financial incentive/tax instruments in cross-sectoral application. Regulatory instruments currently play a minor role for sufficiency policy in the national energy and climate plans of EU member states. Similar to energy efficiency in recent decades, sufficiency still largely referred to as micro-level individual behaviour change or necessary exogenous trends that will need to take place. It is not treated yet as a genuine field of policy action to provide the necessary framework for enabling societal change.
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are commonly used by decision makers in order to derive climate policies. IAMs are currently based on climate-economics interactions, whereas the role of social system has been highlighted to be of prime importance on the implementation of climate policies. Beyond existing IAMs, we argue that it is therefore urgent to increase efforts in the integration of social processes within IAMs. For achieving such a challenge, we present some promising avenues of research based on the social branches of economics. We finally present the potential implications yielded by such social IAMs.
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: Vor zehn Jahren, schon bald nach dem Beginn der Finanzkrise, setzte weltweit die Erkenntnis ein, dass die eingebrochenen privaten Investitionen mit staatlichen Konjunkturprogrammen kompensiert werden müssten. Die Regierungen der Welt wendeten sich überraschend schnell von den bisher dominanten laissez-faire Ansätzen ab. Weltweit schlug die Stunde von Staatsinterventionen. Unter dem Titel "Green New Deal" und später "Green Growth" katapultierte sich die ökologische Modernisierung der Wirtschaft quasi über Nacht aus der umweltpolitischen Nische heraus in den konjunkturpolitischen Mainstream. Zwar gab und gibt es immer noch Regierungen und internationale Institutionen, die diese ökologische Wende der Konjunkturpolitik nicht nachvollziehen, allerdings dürften sich diese spätestens seit dem Jahr 2009 in der Minderheit befinden. Die Forschung kam mit dem Tempo der Entwicklungen kaum hinterher. Dennoch lassen sich aus den vergangenen zehn Jahren seit der Finanzkrise von 2008 wichtige Erkenntnisse und Faustregeln z. B. für den European Green Deal aber auch für die angekündigten nationalstaatlichen Konjunkturprogramme nach der Coronakrise ableiten. Der Text begründet die These von einer ökologischen Wende der Konjunkturpolitik. Im Anschluss leitet er daraus wichtige Lektionen für den sich anbahnenden European Green Deal als eine wirtschaftspolitische Antwort auf die Coronakrise ab.
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2020-12-09
    Description: The ultimate goal of German Resource Efficiency Programme (ProgRess) is to make the extraction and use of natural resources more sustainable and reduce associated environmental pollution as much as possible. By doing this - also with responsibility towards future generations - the programme should create a prerequisite for securing a long-term high quality of life. To bring the policy approaches formulated in ProgRess to reality, efforts to implement resource efficiency measures have to be increased at all levels - from international to regional to local. The chapter intends to provide an impetus for the current debate on ProgRess policy development. The chapter identifies, analyses and describes deficits and possibilities of vertical integration of the German programme in particular and derives recommendations for action which may also serve as indications for other strategies. The following sections are based on results of the advisory report "Vertical integration of the national resource efficiency programme ProgRess (VertRess)", conducted by the German Institute of Urban Affairs (Difu) and the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy on behalf of the German Environmental Agency (UBA) and the Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU).
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: Kommunaler Klimaschutz ist eine Gemeinschaftsaufgabe für Städte und Gemeinden und in den Kommunalverwaltungen eine Querschnittsaufgabe. Zur Bewältigung dieser Aufgabe müssen für die Kompetenzen weiter aufgebaut sowie Zusammenhänge verdeutlicht werden müssen. Verwaltungshandeln kann bei entsprechender Ausrichtung besonders wirkungsvoll sein und zivilgesellschaftliche sowie kommunalpolitische Anforderungen an eine aktive Klimaschutzgemeinde durch eine fachlich fundierte und fantasievolle Gestaltung mit Leben füllen.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2021-05-06
    Description: Die geopolitische Situation ist im Umbruch. Wir sind im Übergang zu einer multipolaren Situation, die Hegemonialkonkurrenten organisieren sich in Blöcken. Die Stratifizierung des Raumes der Wirtschaft, "Globalisierung" genannt, verliert ihre Basis, die strikte Trennung von der Politik der Hegemonialkonkurrenten. Wirtschaft wird nun in Dienst genommen für politische Ziele. Das erfordert Aufrüstung in Mitteln der Wirtschaftskriegsführung. China und die USA sind darin weit vorangegangen. Die EU hat entschieden, ihrerseits nachzurüsten, um auf Augenhöhe zu kommen.
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2021-05-21
    Description: This concluding article derives six major findings from the contributions to this special issue. First, the barriers and challenges to decarbonisation vary significantly across sectoral systems. Second, and similarly, the need and potential for the five functions of international governance institutions to contribute to effective climate protection also vary widely. Third, while the pattern is uneven, there is a general undersupply of international climate governance. Fourth, the sectoral analyses confirm that the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement play an important overarching role but remain limited in advancing effective sectoral governance. Fifth, while non-environmental institutions may present important barriers to decarbonisation, more synergistic effects are possible. Sixth, our sectoral approach provides a sound basis on which to identify sector-specific policy options. The paper then offers reflections on the merits and limitations of the sectoral approach, before identifying avenues for future research to further advance the agenda.
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
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    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2020-10-07
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2021-04-20
    Description: Klimaneutralität wird im Zuge des Pariser Klimaabkommens zur politischen Zielgröße. Die Nationalstaaten, die das Abkommen unterzeichnet haben, müssen regeln, wie sie das Ziel erreichen möchten. Das deutsche Klimaschutzgesetz unterscheidet dabei zwischen "klimaneutral" und "treibhausgasneutral". Das kann zu Missverständnissen führen, kann aber auch sinnvoll sein.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2021-03-04
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2021-10-11
    Description: Peatlands are lands with a peat layer at the surface, containing a large proportion of organic carbon. Such lands cover ≈1 000 000 km2 in Europe, which is almost 10% of the total surface area. In many countries, peatlands have been artificially drained over centuries, leading to not only enormous emissions of CO2 but also soil subsidence, mobilization of nutrients, higher flood risks, and loss of biodiversity. These problems can largely be solved by stopping drainage and rewetting the land. Wet peatlands do not release CO2, can potentially sequester carbon, help to improve water quality, provide habitat for rare and threatened biodiversity, and can still be used for production of biomass (“paludiculture”). Wisely adjusted land use on peatlands can substantially contribute to low-emission goals and further benefits for farmers, the economy, society, and the environment.
    Keywords: 553.21 ; climate protection ; ecosystem services ; greenhouse gas emissions ; paludiculture ; rewetting
    Language: English
    Type: map
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2021-12-10
    Description: This paper develops policy measures for a "just transition" based on a case study conducted in Germany's Rhineland lignite mining district. Semi-structured guided interviews served as the methodological approach. Expert interviews were conducted with representatives of citizen initiatives, trade unions and the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. The results reveal the need for policy measures in different areas: First, employees working for subcontractors of the lignite industry have a high risk of losing their jobs because there are virtually no support policies for them. Second, there needs to be more input by civic initiatives regarding the process of structural change. And last, land needs to be prevented from becoming a scarce resource in the Rhineland area due to current mining legislation. We use an actor-centred institutionalist framework to derive governance approaches in line with the needs of various stakeholders.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 52
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    Bonn : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: Das Klimaabkommen von Paris ist ein Abkommen der Vereinten Nationen. Mit Artikel 4.1 wurde die Treibhausgasneutralität zum Ziel aller globalen Klimapolitik gemacht. Die Begriffe Klimaneutralität und Treibhausgasneutralität werden vom Klimasekretariat der Vereinten Nationen in der öffentlichen Kommunikation synonym verwendet. Die Europäische Kommission hat sich bisher im Zuge der Umsetzung ebenfalls für die synonyme Verwendung entschieden. In Deutschland ist es anders - da herrscht begriffliches Chaos.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: On the one hand, a large number of companies have committed to achieve net zero emissions and many of them foresee to offset some remaining emissions with carbon credits, suggesting a surge of future demand. Yet, the supply side of the voluntary carbon market is struggling to align its business model with the new legal architecture of the Paris Agreement. This article juxtaposes these two perspectives. It provides an overview of the plans of 482 major companies with some form of neutrality/net zero pledge and traces the struggle on the supply side of the voluntary carbon market to come up with a viable business model that ensures environmental integrity and contributes to achieving the objectives of the Paris Agreement. Our analysis finds that if carbon credits are used to offset remaining emissions against neutrality objectives, these credits need to be accounted against the host countries' Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to ensure environmental integrity. Yet, operationalizing this approach is challenging and will require innovative solutions and political support. Key policy insights: There is a growing mismatch between the faith placed in carbon credits by private sector companies and the continued quest for a common position of the main suppliers of the voluntary carbon market. The voluntary carbon market has not yet found a way to align itself with the new legal architecture of the Paris Agreement in a credible and legitimate way. Public policy support at the national and international level will be needed to operationalize a robust approach for the market’s future activities.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: The widely recognised Energiewende, ("energy transition") in Germany has lost its original momentum. We therefore address the question of how the transition process to a new energy system can be reignited. To do so, we developed the "5Ds approach", which lays the groundwork for a process analysis and the identification of important catalysts and barriers. Focusing on the five major fields required for the energy transition, we analyse the effects of: (1) Decarbonisation: How can efficiency and renewable energies be expanded successfully? (2) Digitalisation: Which digital solutions facilitate this conversion and would be suitable as sustainable business models? (3) Decentralisation: How can potential decentralised energy and efficiency opportunities be developed? (4) Democratisation: How can participation be strengthened in order to foster acceptance (and prevent "yellow vest" protests, etc.)? (5) Diversification of service: Which services can make significant contributions in the context of flexible power generation, demand-side management, storage and grids? Our paper comes to the conclusion that German policy efforts in the "5D" fields have been implemented very differently. Particularly with regard to democratisation, the opportunities for genuine participation among the different social actors must be further strengthened to get the Energiewende back on track. New market models are needed to meet the challenges of the energy transition and to increase the performance of "5D" through economic incentives.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: The article introduces and exemplifies the approach of evidence-based narratives (EBN). The methodology is a product of co-design between policy-making and science, generating robust intelligence for evidence-based policy-making in the Directorate General for Research and Innovation of the European Commission (DG RTD) under the condition of high uncertainty and fragmented evidence. The EBN transdisciplinary approach tackles practical problems of future-oriented policy-making, in this case in the area of programming for research and innovation addressing the Grand Societal Challenge related to climate change and natural resources. Between 2013 and 2018, the EU-funded RECREATE project developed 20 EBNs in a co-development process between scientists and policy-makers. All EBNs are supported with evidence about the underlying innovation system applying the technological innovation systems (TIS) framework. Each TIS analysis features the innovation, its current state of market diffusion and a description of the innovation investment case. Indicators include potential future market sizes, effects on employment and environmental and social benefits. Based on the innovation and TIS function analyses, the EBNs offer policy recommendations. The article ends with a critical discussion of the EBN approach.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2021-11-23
    Description: The impacts of the COVID-19 crisis and the global response to it will co-determine the future of climate policy. The recovery packages responding to the impacts of the pandemic may either help to chart a new sustainable course, or they will further cement existing high-emission pathways and thwart the achievement of the Paris Agreement objectives. This article discusses how international climate governance may help align the recovery packages with the climate agenda. For this purpose, the article investigates five key governance functions through which international institutions may contribute: send guidance and signals, establish rules and standards, provide transparency and accountability, organize the provision of means of implementation, and promote collective learning. Reflecting on these functions, the article finds that the process under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), together with other international institutions, could promote sustainable recovery in several ways.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2021-12-07
    Description: Energy service companies (ESCOs) play crucial role in building energy efficiency retrofit sector. However limited access to green financing has prevented ESCOs in their expansions in China. This paper, based on a survey of 469 samples and on-site visiting to and interviewing relevant 50 actors of ESCOs, financial institutions and local housing authorities, identifies main barriers of accessing to green financing at both systemic policy level and operational meso and micro level in China, and analyzes good practices at local level that overcome the barriers. The paper concludes that, although there are barriers existing at the policy level in China, substantial attentions and priorities should be given to take actions for overcoming the barriers existed at the operational meso and micro level. The paper suggests that the good practices of capacity building for ESCOs and local financial sector, intensifying participation of intermediate organizations or facilitators and diversifying financial sources and funding mechanisms and models that emerge from the local level should be disseminated in China.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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