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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-15
    Description: The objective of this study is to determine the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the survival, development and swimming behaviour of embryos of the deep-sea coral Desmophyllum pertusum (syn. Lophelia pertusa). Upon spawning, fertilized embryos were collected and exposed to two pCO2 treatments corresponding to present pCO2 conditions (400 ppm) and future pCO2 conditions predicted under scenario IPCC RCP8.5 for the end of the century (1000 ppm). We monitored survival daily and we measured swimming velocity on day 9 after spawning. Temperature and pH were measured every 24h, salinity was measured every other day, and water samples were collected during the first and last day of the experiment to determine total alkalinity (TA). This dataset includes data on the effects of ocean acidification on swimming velocity of larvae of the deep-sea coral Desmophyllum pertusum. Embryos were exposed to two acidification (pCO2) treatments: present pCO2 conditions (400 ppm) and future pCO2 conditions predicted under RCP8.5 for the end of the century (1000 ppm). After rearing the embryos in the respective treatments for nine days, we recorded the swimming behaviour of larvae with a video camera. Videos were analyzed with manual particle tracking, and here we report the swimming velocity and total traveled distance of larvae in each experimental treatment.
    Keywords: ASSEMBLE_Plus; Association of European Marine Biological Laboratories Expanded; Climate change; cold-water coral; DATE/TIME; Deep sea; early life history; early life stages; iAtlantic; Image analysis, NIH ImageJ, MTrackJ plugin; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; Laboratory experiment; Larvae; larval behaviour; physiology; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; Sample ID; Species; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Speed, swimming; Swim distance; Time in hours; Tisler_Sampling_Lophelia_pertusa_4; Tisler_Sampling_Lophelia_pertusa_6; Tisler Reef, Skagerrak; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 480 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-15
    Description: The objective of this study is to determine the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the survival, development and swimming behaviour of embryos of the deep-sea coral Desmophyllum pertusum (syn. Lophelia pertusa). Upon spawning, fertilized embryos were collected and exposed to two pCO2 treatments corresponding to present pCO2 conditions (400 ppm) and future pCO2 conditions predicted under scenario IPCC RCP8.5 for the end of the century (1000 ppm). We monitored survival daily and we measured swimming velocity on day 9 after spawning. Temperature and pH were measured every 24h, salinity was measured every other day, and water samples were collected during the first and last day of the experiment to determine total alkalinity (TA). This dataset includes data on the effects of OA on embryo and larval survival of the deep-sea coral Desmophyllum pertusum. Embryos (age: first cleavage and 2 cell stage) were exposed to two acidification (pCO2) treatments: present pCO2 conditions (400 ppm) and future pCO2 conditions predicted under RCP8.5 for the end of the century (1000 ppm) and reared for a total of nine days. We counted embryos and larvae daily to determine larval survival under the two treatments.
    Keywords: ASSEMBLE_Plus; Association of European Marine Biological Laboratories Expanded; Climate change; cold-water coral; DATE/TIME; Deep sea; early life history; early life stages; iAtlantic; Integrated Assessment of Atlantic Marine Ecosystems in Space and Time; Laboratory experiment; Larvae; larval behaviour; pH; pH meter, Mettler Toledo, Seven2Go pH /Ion meter S8; physiology; Remote operated vehicle; Replicate; ROV; Salinity; Sample ID; Species; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Temperature, water; Time in hours; Tisler_Sampling_Lophelia_pertusa_4; Tisler_Sampling_Lophelia_pertusa_6; Tisler Reef, Skagerrak; Treatment; Visual counts
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1116 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    In:  EPIC3Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on polar and marine research, Bremerhaven, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 786, 65 p., pp. 1-65, ISSN: 1866-3192
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: "Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung" , notRev
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  • 5
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    Taylor & Francis
    In:  EPIC3Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research, Taylor & Francis, 56(1), pp. 2350546-2350546, ISSN: 1523-0430
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: Arctic landscapes are characterized by diverse water bodies, which are covered with ice for most of the year. Ice controls surface albedo, hydrological properties, gas exchange, and ecosystem services, but freezing processes differ between water bodies. We studied the influence of geomor-phology and meteorology on winter ice of water bodies in the Lena Delta, Siberia. Electrical conductivity (EC) and stable water isotopes of ice cores from four winters and six water bodies were measured at unprecedented resolution down to 2-cm increments, revealing differences in freezing systems. Open-system freezing shows near-constant isotopic and EC gradients in ice, whereas closed-system freezing shows decreasing isotopic composition with depth. Lena River ice displays three zones of isotopic composition within the ice, reflecting open-system freezing that records changing water sources over the winter. The isotope composition of ice covers in landscape units of different ages also reflects the individual water reservoir settings (i.e., Pleistocene vs. Holocene ground ice thaw). Ice growth models indicate that snow properties are a dominant determinant of ice growth over winter. Our findings provide novel insights into the winter hydro-chemistry of Arctic ice covers, including the influences of meteorology and water body geomor-phology on freezing rates and processes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: As part of the second phase of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes project (RECCAP2), we present an assessment of the carbon cycle of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea, between 1985 and 2018 using global ocean biogeochemical models (GOBMs) and estimates based on surface ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) partial pressure (pCO2 products) and ocean interior dissolved inorganic carbon observations. Estimates of the basin-wide long-term mean net annual CO2 uptake based on GOBMs and pCO2 products are in reasonable agreement (−0.47 ± 0.15 PgC yr−1 and −0.36 ± 0.06 PgC yr−1, respectively), with the higher uptake in the GOBM-based estimates likely being a consequence of a deficit in the representation of natural outgassing of land derived carbon. In the GOBMs, the CO2 uptake increases with time at rates close to what one would expect from the atmospheric CO2 increase, but pCO2 products estimate a rate twice as fast. The largest disagreement in the CO2 flux between GOBMs and pCO2 products is found north of 50°N, coinciding with the largest disagreement in the seasonal cycle and interannual variability. The mean accumulation rate of anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) over 1994–2007 in the Atlantic Ocean is 0.52 ± 0.11 PgC yr−1 according to the GOBMs, 28% ± 20% lower than that derived from observations. Around 70% of this Cant is taken up from the atmosphere, while the remainder is imported from the Southern Ocean through lateral transport.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: The State of the Ocean Report (StOR) has the ambition to inform policymakers about the state of the ocean and to stimulate research and policy actions towards ‘the ocean we need for the future we want’, contributing to the 2030 Agenda and in particular SDG 14, which reads ‘Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources’, as well as other global processes such as the UNFCCC, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Structured around the seven UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development Outcomes, the Report provides important information about the achievements of the UN Ocean Decade and, in the longer term, about ocean well-being. The StOR will be used to inform policy and administrative priorities and identify research focus areas that need to be strengthened or developed.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Plastic pollution ; Ecosystem restoration ; Deoxygenation ; Blue carbon ecosystems ; Marine spatial planning (MSP) ; Sustainable production ; Sustainable food prduction ; Carbon dioxide ; Harmful algal blooms ; Global Ocean Observing System ; Data sharing ; ASFA_2015::P::Plastics ; ASFA_2015::A::Acidification ; ASFA_2015::G::Global warming ; ASFA_2015::C::Carbon
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 92pp.
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  • 8
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    UN Ocean Decade, Early Career Ocean Professionals (ECOP)
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: The regional node of the ECOP Programme in Asia (hereinafter referred to as “ECOP Asia”) was informally established in June 2021, during the Virtual Early Career Ocean Professionals Day (V.ECOP Day). At the time, ECOP Asia was composed of a dozen volunteer members from countries across East, South and Southeast Asia, including Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines and the Republic of Korea. The core team met on a monthly basis with the aim of connecting interdisciplinary groups of ECOPs across the continent, and sharing knowledge and experience about the recently launched United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030) (hereinafter referred to as the “UN Ocean Decade”). Members of the informal 2021 ECOP Asia group were particularly active and motivated to spread the word about ECOPs and the UN Ocean Decade. Among other contributions, they circulated the first pan-Asia ECOP survey in early Spring 2021 (with region- and country-specific results available in this report1), celebrated “World Oceans Day” on 8 June 2021 by sharing inspiring testimonials from ECOPs across India (video), made short awareness-raising interventions during online webinars and workshops, and moderated a Decade Action Incubator Session dedicated to ECOPs during the UN Decade Regional Kickoff Conference for the Western Pacific and its Adjacent Areas, a two-day conference co-sponsored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC-UNESCO) and its sub-commission for the Western Pacific (WESTPAC). The latter session provided perspectives on science communication, inviting speakers from different career stages and ocean sectors2 (video recording is available here). On November 2021, the IOC-UNESCO launched a call for individual consultants to support a variety of tasks related to the development of the regional dimensions of the ECOP Programme, seeking coordinators in Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS)3. A regional consultant was subsequently hired for Asia in mid-December 2021 and has remained in this position since then. The hiring process coincided with the official launch of the ECOP Programme website, including dedicated web pages for the first three regional and national ECOP nodes: Africa, Asia and Canada4. By November 2022, a national node in Japan and regional hub in Central America were also established, followed closely by a new regional chapter in the Caribbean. Throughout the first half of 2023, another nine additional national nodes have emerged from all over the world, including in Brazil, Italy, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, the Republic of Korea, Senegal, Togo and the United States. Several other ECOP chapters are waiting in the pipeline, currently building their own core teams, drafting concept notes, and engaging with their respective communities (e.g., Australia/New Zealand, Belgium, China, Europe, India, Liberia, Malaysia, Mexico, Mozambique, Spain and the United Kingdom). Extending from the Middle East all the way to Indonesia in Southeast Asia, and including the Russian Federation5, the ECOP Asia community grew significantly throughout 2022 and in the early months of 2023 (see section I). Figure 1 below provides a non-exhaustive list of 2022 activities and highlights that contributed to the development and expansion of ECOP Asia since the appointment of the regional consultant/coordinator. Table 1 lists more recent updates and achievements since November 2022, including ongoing work in 2023.
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 56pp.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: We correlated carbon dioxide (CO2) time series detected at the Gallicano site in Tuscany, Italy, with low-magnitude earthquakes occurred in the surrounding area between 2017 and 2021. The CO2 irregular component distribution was analyzed by a Pearson type VII fit, and its cumulate probability by the Gauss’s hypergeometric function, to statistically evidence anomalous fluctuations. We calculated the Matthews correlation between gas concentrations and low-magnitude earthquakes by defining a binary occurrence of CO2 anomalies and seismic events. A positive correlation was highlighted by a time lag between the digital series, which resulted in CO2 anomaly detections ahead of the earthquake time of two days. The correlated earthquakes were mainshocks of local magnitude 1.2 to 3.6, with epicenters within 40 km from the Gallicano site. Correlations among rainfalls, CO2 concentrations and earthquakes were also considered, showing that only few rainfall events were followed by a CO2 anomaly, mostly a day late.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1128949
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Dissolved carbon dioxide ; small earthquakes ; correlation ; conditional probability ; 04.06. Seismology ; 03.02. Hydrology ; 05.08. Risk ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-06-14
    Description: During 2008–2020, four strong earthquakes occurred in Yutian, Xinjiang Uygur Automous Region, northwest China, in particular, two M7 + and two M6 + earthquakes demonstrating the high tectonic activity of this region. We systematically use multiple electromagnetic data from satellites and ground, such as GIM TEC (Global Ionospheric Mapping Total Electron Content) published by JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory), and the ULF (Ultra Low Frequency) electromagnetic waves and plasma parameters onboard DEMETER (Detection of Electro- Magnetic Emission Transmitted from Earthquake Regions), Swarm and CSES (China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite) satellites. The ionospheric perturbations were revealed frequently around the four case studies, but mostly within 10 days before, over the epicentral area, and sometimes over its conjugate region at southern hemisphere. The abnormal amplitude is quite larger in years with high solar activity than in those with low solar activity. We employ the SAMI2 model to simulate the variations from the effects of E × B under different plasma background in 2008 and 2014 to explain the great difference in different solar years. The similarity of the anomalies in this region demonstrates the higher electromagnetic and chemical emissions, implying that the electric field is possibly generated by the preparation of the seismic events in the epicentral area inducing the ionospheric disturbances above this area and its conjugate region through this coupling channel.
    Description: Published
    Description: 101943
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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