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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Donor-Acceptor Complexes Relating to the Intramolecular Association of the Riboflavin and Adenosine Moieties of Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide* (1965)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 4 (1965), S. 504-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00879a020
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XPS and TOF-SIMS Microanalysis of a Peptide/Polymer Drug Delivery Device (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 67 (1995), S. 3871-3878 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00117a009
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RS46(DXS548) genotyping of reproductive cells: approaching preimplantation testing of the fragile-X syndrome (1995)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 96 (1995), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to approach preimplantation testing for the fragile-X syndrome, we used genotyping of the polymorphic RS46(DXS548) locus closely linked to the FMR1 gene, in single reproductive cells of females. The RS46(DXS548) amplification was adjusted to the single cell level by a two-round polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. Unfertilized oocytes and extruded polar bodies were subjected to PCR. RS46(DXS548) genotyping at the single cell level was successful in 95% of the samples. In two-third of the metaphase II oocytes and first polar bodies obtained from women who were heterozygous at the RS46(DXS548) locus, both maternal RS46(DXS548) alleles were observed because of crossing over during the first meiotic division. This makes gamete selection by first polar body analysis inefficient. From the allele frequencies found in 56 unrelated individuals, a heterozygote frequency of 51% was estimated, whereas the observed heterozygote frequency was 56%. The whole PCR procedure can be performed within 16 h after blastomere biopsy. Consequently, the selection and transfer of the diagnosed embryos can be carried out within an acceptable time. Therefore, preimplantation testing for the fragile-X syndrome with the RS46(DXS548) AC-repeat may be an alternative choice for prenatal testing for those carrier females who are heterozygous (informative) at the RS46(DXS548) locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210416
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative and qualitative differences in C6-volatile production from the lipoxygenase pathway in an alcohol dehydrogenase mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (1998)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 104 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Six-carbon (C6) volatile products are released from the enzymatic action of hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), a component of the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway and form the basis of the “green-note” flavour characteristic of many consumed plant products. Arabidopsis leaf tissue contains the C6-aldehydes hexanal, and trans-2-hexenal as well as the C6-alcohols: hexanol, and 3-hexenol. Interconversion between C6-aldehydes and alcohols is thought to proceed through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Using an ADH mutant of Arabidopsis, we have shown that there are large quantitative and qualitative differences in the accumulation of C6-volatiles in the absence of ADH activity. The total quantity of LOX-derived volatiles is greater on a fresh weight basis in the ADH mutant. Qualitatively, hexanol and 3-hexenol levels are approximately 62% and 51% lower in the mutant, respectively, whereas levels of hexenal are approximately 10-fold higher. Hexanal accumulation, however, is unaffected in the mutant. The altered profile of LOX-derived volatiles does not have an effect on the steady-state levels of mRNA for allene oxide synthase (AOS) or LOX. HPL activity and mRNA quantity, however, are higher in the mutant relative to wild type, suggesting that altered product levels in the mutant affect HPL regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1040113.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ripening-induced acceleration of volatile aldehyde generation following tissue disruption in tomato fruit (1998)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 104 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hexanal and cis-3-hexenal are principal flavor volatiles in ripe tomato fruit, but whether they accumulate during ripening or are formed upon maceration of the tissue has not been clarified. This has been addressed by measuring levels of these aldehydes in green and ripe fruit with discrimination between intrinsic aldehyde content and aldehyde generation following tissue disruption. Volatile sampling of tomato fruit homogenates was accomplished by purge/trapping, followed by thermal desorption on a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass selective detector. Incubation of some samples with alcohol dehydrogenase to convert the aldehydes to their respective alcohols permitted positive identification of the isomeric form of hexenal as cis-3-hexenal. Red and green tomato fruit homogenized in buffer with saturated CaCl2 contained low (0.1-0.8 µg g−1 fresh weight) levels of hexanal and cis-3-hexenal; thus there is minimal endogenous volatile content in intact fruit. Volatile levels increased rapidly, up to 10-fold, following homogenization of ripe tomato fruit in the absence of CaCl2, and more modestly in corresponding green tomato fruit homogenates. Incubation with the appropriate lipoxygenase/hydroperoxide lyase substrate (linoleic acid for hexanal, linolenic acid for cis-3-hexenal) doubled the amount of volatile compound produced. Hexanal generation was suppressed in the presence of linolenic acid, suggesting that the enzyme complex has greater affinity for this substrate. As well, levels of cis-3-hexenal, but not hexanal, tended to decline within 30 min of homogenization, possibly reflecting a specific degradative process. The results collectively indicate that the contribution of six-carbon aldehydes to tomato fruit flavor is attributable to metabolism invoked following tissue disruption rather than within the intact fruit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1040408.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate filament protein expression in early developmental stages of the mouse (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 99 (1993), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Expression patterns of intermediate filament proteins have been studied during early mouse embryo development. For this purpose, pre-implantation embryos at different stages of development after in vitro fertilization were studied using antibodies to cytokeratins, vimentin and lamins, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. The levels of expression were quantitated and localization of the protein constituents was assessed by means of confocal scanning laser microscopy. Our studies showed that, although the embryos grew in culture, vimentin could not be detected in a filamentous organization. Immunofluorescence for cytokeratins was only positive from the 8-cell stage onwards. In the morula stage an increased level of cytokeratin expression was observed with a transitional staining pattern, combining a filamentous and a diffuse occurrence. In the blastocyst stages profound cytokeratin filaments were seen in trophoblast cells but not in the inner cell mass. When the cytokeratin subtypes were analysed separately, it became apparent that expression levels of cytokeratins 8 and 18 increased gradually up to a filamentous pattern in the blastocyst stage. Cytokeratins 7 and 19, although elevated in the latter stage and showing a filamentous distribution, were not found as prominently as cytokeratins 8 and 18. A-type as well as B-type lamins could be detected in all developmental stages examined, as a faintly reactive nuclear lamina. In blastocysts both lamin types were detected in trophoblast as well as in inner cell mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571875
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid-base complexes of polymersThis article is dedicated to the memory of the late Professor J. H. Hildebrand, whose teaching inspired this work. (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 547-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The physical interactions of polymers with neighboring molecules are determined by only two kinds of interactions: London dispersion forces and Lewis acid-base interactions. These two kinds of attractive energies (together with certain steric restrictions) determine solubility, solvent retention, plasticizer action, wettability, adsorption, adhesion, reinforcement, crystallinity, and mechanical properties. The London dispersion force interaction energies of polymers have been quantified by the dispersion force contribution to cohesive energy density (δ2d) and the dispersion force contribution to surface energy (δd). The Lewis acid-base interactions, often referred to as “polar” interactions, can be best quantified by Drago's CA and EA constants for acid sites and CB and EB constants for basic sites. In this article infrared spectral shifts are featured as a method of determining enthalpies of acid-base interaction, and the C and E constants for polymers, plasticizers, and solvents. Examples are given where acid-base complexation of polymers with solvents dominate solubility and swelling phenomena. Enthalpies of acid-base complexation in polymer blends are determined from spectral shifts.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170220304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of embryonic NA+-K+-ATPase activity and mouse preimplantation development in vitro in media containing high concentrations of potassium (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 36 (1993), S. 320-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Taurine ; Ouabain ; K+ ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of various potassium concentrations (ranging from 1.4 mM to 30 mM K+) in modified Tyrode's medium on the culture of mouse zygotes obtained after in vitro fertilization to the blastocyst stage was examined. A clear dose-dependent negative effect of increasing K+ concentrations on the preimplantation embryonic development in vitro was found. We have previously shown that significantly more two-cell embryos reach the blastocyst stage when cultured during the second day postinsemination in medium supplemented with taurine. Because taurine, an amino acid that abounds in the reproductive tract, has been reported to inhibit the enzyme Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-K+-AT-Pase), we used two other conditions known to inhibit the Na+-K+-ATPase to study their effect on mouse embryo development. Culturing embryos during a short period (the second day postinsemination) in low extracellular K+ concentrations (1.4 mM) or in medium supplemented with ouabain (50 μM) showed positive effects similar to those of culturing in medium with taurine (10 mM). This beneficial effect of ouabain was found in various K+ concentrations tested, including the high concentrations present in the oviduct. Although the effects of low K+ and taurine can possibly be ascribed to their other cellular effects, the effect of ouabain shows that inhibition of the Na+-K+-ATPase during the two-cell stage in the mouse is beneficial for further embryonic development to the blastocyst stage. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080360306
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonisotopic in situ hybridization as a method for nondisjunction studies in human spermatozoa (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 28 (1991), S. 18-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: DNA hybridization ; Spermatozoa aneuploidy ; Aneuploidy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Human spermatozoa were studied with a nonradioactive in situ hybridization method. Using a chemically modified DNA probe and immunocytochemical reactions for visualization, it was possible to obtain hybridization signals in 31 of 32 semen samples. Positive hybridization reactions, depending on cell accessibility, varied from 40% to over 90% for the different samples. Using a chromosome 1-specific DNA probe, disomy for this chromosome was found in 0.67% of all accessible sperm cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080280104
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  • 10
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    Floating islands in a tropical wetland of peninsular India (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-23
    Print ISSN: 0923-4861
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9834
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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