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  • 1
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    The genetic contributions of SNCA and LRRK2 genes to Lewy Body pathology in Alzheimer's disease (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-22
    Beschreibung: The molecular genetic basis that leads to Lewy Body (LB) pathology in 15–20% of Alzheimer disease cases (LBV/AD) was largely unknown. Alpha-synuclein ( SNCA ) and Leucine-rich repeat kinase2 ( LRRK2 ) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), the prototype of LB spectrum disorders. We tested the association of SNCA variants with LB pathology in AD. We then stratified the SNCA association analyses by LRRK2 genotype. We also investigated the expression regulation of SNCA and LRRK2 in relation to LB pathology. We evaluated the differences in SNCA -mRNA and LRRK2 -mRNA levels as a function of LB pathology in the temporal cortex (TC) from autopsy-confirmed LBV/AD cases and AD controls. We further investigated the cis- effect of the LB pathology-associated genetic variants within the SNCA and LRRK2 loci on the mRNA expression of these genes. SNCA SNPs rs3857059 and rs2583988 showed significant associations with increased risk for LB pathology. When the analyses were stratified by LRRK2 -rs1491923 genotype, the associations became stronger for both SNPs and an association was also observed with rs2619363. Expression analysis demonstrated that SNCA- and LRRK2- mRNA levels were significantly higher in TC from LBV/AD brains compared with AD controls. Furthermore, SNCA -mRNA expression level in the TC was associated with rs3857059; homozygotes for the minor allele showed significant higher expression. LRRK2 -transcript levels were increased in carriers of rs1491923 minor allele. Our findings demonstrated that SNCA contributes to LB pathology in AD patients, possibly via interaction with LRRK2 , and suggested that expression regulation of these genes may be the molecular basis underlying the observed LB associations.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Digitale ISSN: 1460-2083
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Massively Convergent Evolution for Ribosomal Protein Gene Content in Plastid and Mitochondrial Genomes (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-11
    Beschreibung: Plastid and mitochondrial genomes have undergone parallel evolution to encode the same functional set of genes. These encode conserved protein components of the electron transport chain in their respective bioenergetic membranes and genes for the ribosomes that express them. This highly convergent aspect of organelle genome evolution is partly explained by the redox regulation hypothesis, which predicts a separate plastid or mitochondrial location for genes encoding bioenergetic membrane proteins of either photosynthesis or respiration. Here we show that convergence in organelle genome evolution is far stronger than previously recognized, because the same set of genes for ribosomal proteins is independently retained by both plastid and mitochondrial genomes. A hitherto unrecognized selective pressure retains genes for the same ribosomal proteins in both organelles. On the Escherichia coli ribosome assembly map, the retained proteins are implicated in 30S and 50S ribosomal subunit assembly and initial rRNA binding. We suggest that ribosomal assembly imposes functional constraints that govern the retention of ribosomal protein coding genes in organelles. These constraints are subordinate to redox regulation for electron transport chain components, which anchor the ribosome to the organelle genome in the first place. As organelle genomes undergo reduction, the rRNAs also become smaller. Below size thresholds of approximately 1,300 nucleotides (16S rRNA) and 2,100 nucleotides (26S rRNA), all ribosomal protein coding genes are lost from organelles, while electron transport chain components remain organelle encoded as long as the organelles use redox chemistry to generate a proton motive force.
    Digitale ISSN: 1759-6653
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Botany. State transitions--a question of balance (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003-03-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allen, John F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Mar 7;299(5612):1530-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Box 124, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. john.allen@plantbio.lu.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12624254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algal Proteins/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/*enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Chlorophyll/metabolism ; Electron Transport ; Fluorescence ; Gene Library ; Light ; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phosphorylation ; Photosynthesis ; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins/*metabolism ; Plastoquinone/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*isolation & ; purification/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Thylakoids/*enzymology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Solid coordination compounds of alkali metal salts with a neutral aromatic amine. I. Molecular structure and bonding (1974)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 13 (1974), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50131a022
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-Temperature Physics in North America (1947)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 160 (1947), S. 736-737 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] DURING the past summer, an opportunity was taken to visit the principal laboratories in the United States and Canada which are engaged in low-temperature research, with the exception of the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, the laboratory directed by Giauque at Berkeley and that planned by ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/160736a0
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Redox signalling and the structural basis of regulation of photosynthesis by protein phosphorylation (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 100 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In photosynthesis in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, redox control of thylakoid protein phosphorylation regulates distribution of absorbed excitation energy between the two photosystems. When electron transfer through chloroplast photosystem II (PSII) proceeds at a rate higher than that through photosystem I (PSI), chemical reduction of a redox sensor activates a thylakoid protein kinase that catalyses phosphorylation of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). Phosphorylation of LHCII increases its affinity for PSI and thus redistributes light-harvesting chlorophyll to PSI at the expense of PSII. This short-term redox signalling pathway acts by means of reversible, post-translational modification of pre-existing proteins. A long-term equalisation of the rates of light utilisation by PSI and PSII also occurs: by means of adjustment of the stoichiometry of PSI and PSII. It is likely that the same redox sensor controls both state transitions and photosystem stoichiometry. A specific mechanism for integration of these short- and long-term adaptations is proposed. Recent evidence shows that phosphorylation of LHCII causes a change in its 3-D structure, which implies that the mechanism of state transitions in chloroplasts involves control of recognition of PSI and PSII by LHCII. The distribution of LHCII between PSII and PSI is therefore determined by the higher relative affinity of phospho-LHCII for PSI, with lateral movement of the two forms of the LHCII being simply a result of their diffusion within the membrane plane. Phosphorylation-induced dissociation of LHCII trimers may induce lateral movement of monomeric phospho-LHCII, which binds preferentially to PSI. After dephosphorylation, monomeric, unphosphorylated LHCII may trimerize at the periphery of PSII.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb00012.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxygen reduction and optimum production of ATP in photosynthesis (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 599-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Fig. 1 The combined reduction of oxygen and of NADP by non-cyclic electron transport. The reaction of ferredoxin with oxygen makes possible the synthesis of ATP without the production of NADPH. Stoichiometries are discussed in the text and are not implied in the diagram. Figure 1 outlines a ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256599a0
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Resistance Thermometry below 1.0° K. (1937)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 139 (1937), S. 878-879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] DURING an investigation of the thermal coupling between the ionic magnets and the lattice vibrations of paramagnetic salts in the neighbourhood of the absolute zero, we have made some resistance measurements in the temperature range below 1° K. The resistance measured consisted of a specimen of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/139878a0
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Film Transfer in He II (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 831-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] It has been found, especially at temperatures in the neighbourhood of 1-3 K. where most of the measurements have been made, that the rate of transfer out of a narrow cylindrical beaker of, say, 1 -5 mm. diameter is dependent on the history and condition of the liquid in the beaker and is no longer ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185831a0
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heat Conduction in Liquid Helium (1937)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 140 (1937), S. 62-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] IT was found by Rollin1 and by Keesom and Keesom2 that liquid helium II shows an extra-ordinarily high heat conductivity, of the order of 190 cal./deg.cm.sec. We have measured the heat conductivity with the following method, which is essentially a combination of a ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/140062a0
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