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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of human lymphocyte proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: 3. Frequent occurrence of genetic variants in some abundant polypeptides of PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (1982)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 62 (1982), S. 142-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 100 or so most intensely Coomassie blue-stained polypeptides from PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in combination with family and population studies. Besides polymorphic lymphocyte cytosol 64k polypeptide reported previously, genetic variants were frequently observed in three polypeptides with molecular weights of 100,000, 49,000, and 40,000. All of them occur in the cytosol. These variant polypeptides are charge variants, because they are separated in the isoelectric focusing dimension. It is indicated by family and population studies and cell distribution analysis that the polypeptide with a molecular weight of 100,000 shows a genetic polymorphism determined by two alleles at a new autosomal locus, as described in the following paper. Family and population studies also suggest that a genetic polymorphism defined by alleles at an autosomal locus is present in each of the polypeptides with molecular weights of 49,000 and 40,000. In contrast to the previous reports of the extremely restricted genetic variability of the 100 or so most abundant fibroblast polypeptides, the present data indicate that common genetic variants are present at least in four of the 100 or so most intensely Coomassie blue-stained lymphocyte polypeptides. The result also shows that careful side-by-side comparison of two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns among both parents and their children is an effective method to detect genetic variant polypeptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282303
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The human natural killer gene complex (NKC) is located on chromosome 12p13.1-p13.2 (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 46 (1997), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050256
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multigene family on human chromosome 12 encodes natural killer-cell lectins (1993)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 37 (1993), S. 455-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We previously isolated a series of cDNA clones designated NKG2-A, B, C, and D from a human natural killer (NK) cell library. These transcripts encode a family of type II integral membrane proteins having an extracellular Ca2+-dependent lectin domain. The predicted peptides share structural similarities and amino acid sequence similarity with known receptor molecules. In this report, the genomic organization and mRNA expression of each of the genes were studied by using transcript-specific probes. Southern blot experiments reveal that the probes cross-hybridize with a maximum of five genes at high stringency. By probing a Southern blot prepared from a series of hamster/human hybrid somatic cell lines, we demonstrated that all of the hybridizing fragments occur on human chromosome 12. No gene rearrangement and little restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was observed with these probes. mRNA expression of the NKG2 genes occured in NK cells and some T cells but not in other hematopoietic cell types or in other tissues tested. Each of the transcripts occurred in all three of the NK cell lines tested: however, the genes were differentially regulated in T cells. NKG2-D was expressed in nine of fourteen T-cell clones or lines in the panel, whereas NKG2-A/B was expressed in three and NKG2-C was expressed in only one. Expression of each of the transcripts was upregulated following T-cell growth factor (TCGF)-induced activation of a cloned NK cell. The limited distribution of these proteins and their sequence similarity with known receptor molecules suggest that they may function as receptors of human NK cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222470
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of human lymphocyte proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: (1981)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 59 (1981), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Approximately 250 phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocyte polypeptides from three unrelated healthy males were compared by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and double-label autoradiography. Comparisons by all possible pairwise combinations of [14C]leucine-labeled proteins from an individual and [3H]leucine-labeled proteins from another revealed that only three polypeptides differed qualitatively among the three individuals. The degree of variation in lymphocyte polypeptides between different individuals was similar to that in fibroblast polypeptides reported previously. Among the three variant polypeptides, two polypeptides with mol.wt. 64,000 and mol. wt. 37,000 coexisted with a polypeptide with the same molecular weight, and they showed the behavior expected of two allelic gene products separated in the isoelectric focusing dimension by charge differences. Analysis of [14C]leucine labeled peripheral blood lymphocyte proteints, from the parents of each individual, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated that the variant polypeptides with mol. wt. 64,000 and mol. wt. 37,000 in the propositus were inherited from one of his parents. The data indicate that genetic analysis of PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocyte proteins is feasible by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with double-label autoradiography and pedigree analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283667
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of human lymphocyte proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: 2. Genetic polymorphism of lymphocyte cytosol 64K polypeptide (1982)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 60 (1982), S. 176-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe a genetic polymorphism of human lymphocyte cytosol major polypeptide with mol. wt. 64,000, detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Three different electrophoretic types (1-1, 2-1, 2-2) of the polypeptide have been identified. Family and population studies indicate that the three phenotypes of the polypeptide are determined by two common alleles at a single autosomal locus. The polypeptide occurs in the cytosol and is predominent in peripheral blood lymphocytes, B-lymphoblastoid cells, T-lymphoblastoid cells, lymph node, and spleen. The polypeptide has not been detected in HeLa cells, fibroblasts, erythrocytes, serum, and cerebrum. Traces of the polypeptide exist in liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. It is proposed that the polypeptide and its locus be temporarily designated lymphocyte cytosol 64K polypeptide (LC64K polypeptide) andLC64P, respectively. In a Japanese population, the gene frequencies ofLC64P 1 andLC64P 2 were 0.936 and 0.064, respectively. The data suggest thatLC64P is a new locus, product of which shows genetic polymorphism and is associated with the function and/or the structure of lymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569708
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic structure of NKG5, a human NK and T cell-specific activation gene (1993)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 37 (1993), S. 102-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reported previously the isolation of a cDNA clone, designated NKG5, encoding a secreted protein that is expressed only in natural killer and T cells and is strongly upregulated upon cell activation. In this report we have isolated the NKG5 gene from a human placental genomic library and sequenced the gene and two kilobases of 5'-flanking DNA. Comparison with the cDNA sequence reveals that the NKG5 gene consists of five exons and four introns. Intron 1 contains a DNA segment that was reported to occur as an exon in 519, a closely related cDNA clone that was isolated from a T-cell library. This result indicates that NKG5 and 519 are alternative splicing products of a single gene. The 5′-flanking region of the NKG5 gene was analyzed for homology with the promoter regions of cytokines and other activation-induced genes showing lymphocyte-specific expression. Several segments displaying sequence similarity were identified. We also identified numerous sequence elements that have strong similarity to known binding sites for transcriptional regulatory proteins including T-cell-specific and activation-specific regulatory factors. These findings are consistent with the cell-specific expression and the tight regulatory control that is observed for the NKG5 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216832
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene arrangement of the killer cell inhibitory receptor family on human chromosome 19q13.4 detected by fiber-FISH (1998)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 48 (1998), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Natural killer cell ; Killer cell inhibitory receptor ; Immunoglobulin superfamily ; Human chromosome 19 ; Fiber-FISH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Human chromosome 19q13.4 has recently been revealed to be a remarkable region harboring multiple receptor genes of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily differentially expressed on hematopoietic cell lineages. Over the past few years, more than 50 cDNAs have been cloned for the natural killer cell inhibitory receptor (KIR) gene family, which possess two or three Ig-like domains in the extracellular region. In this study, using two genomic DNA probes containing intron sequences of genes corresponding to the two- and three-domain types, we applied two-color-fluorescence in situ hybridization on stretched DNA fiber preparations (fiber-FISH). As a result, 11 positions homologous to KIR genes were found as a cluster within a range of approximately 120 kilobases on a chromatin fiber from human chromosome 19.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050427
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the MT3 molecule using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and alloantisera (1983)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 18 (1983), S. 575-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The MT3 antigen is defined serologically as a DR supertypic specificity and is strongly associated with DR4, DR7, and DRw9. To determine whether the MT3 molecule is distinct from the DR molecule, DR4 and MT3 antigens were immunoprecipitated from 125I-labeled plasma membrane glycoproteins of a DR4-homozygous, MT3-homozygous B lymphoid cell line, Wa, and compared by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. The precipitates with two different anti-DR4 alloantisera and with three different mouse antibodies against human Ia monomorphic determinants gave the same 2-D gel pattern consisting of one heavy chain with a molecular weight of 34 000 and a set of light chains with a molecular weight of 30000, indicating that these polypeptides are the components of the DR4 molecule. On the other hand, all three anti-MT3 alloantisera used precipitated an identical set of anti-MT3 alloantisera specific light chains with a molecular weight of 30 000, and one heavy chain with a molecular weight of 34 000. The pl of the MT3 light chain was more acidic than that of the DR4 light chain. The amount of MT3 light chains was much smaller than that of DR4 light chains in unlabeled plasma membrane glycoproteins. Thus, we have demonstrated directly using 2-D gel electrophoresis and anti-MT3 alloantisera that the MT3 antigen is a new human Ia molecule distinct from DR4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345965
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the HLA-DRw9 antigen using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and alloantisera (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 29 (1984), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary HLA-DRw9 antigen, of which frequency is relatively high in Japanese, is identified and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis using anti-DRw9 alloantisera and monoclonal antibodies against human class II antigens. The DRw9 antigen consists of one set of heavy and light chains on the cell surface and the Ii chain is associated with the heavy chain-light chain complex in intracellular regions. The DRw9 light chain is distinct from the DR4 and DR7 light chains but the DRw9 heavy chain is identical with the DR4 and DR7 heavy chain, suggesting that the DRw9 light chain carries the antigenic specificity recognized by the anti-DRw9 alloantisera. The amount of the DRw9 antigen is extremely large compared with the other class II antigens in the total class II antigen pool, as reported previously for the DR4 antigen. The data presented in this paper indicate that the DRw9 antigen is present as an independent DR molecule and has the polypeptide constitution characteristic of the DR antigen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01876753
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  • 10
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    The human natural killer gene complex ( NKC ) is located on chromosome 12p13.1-p13.2 (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-06-02
    Print ISSN: 0093-7711
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1211
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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