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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoaffinity labeling of the Torpedo californica nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with an aryl azide derivative of phosphatidylserine (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 29 (1990), S. 1186-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00457a014
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of local anesthetics to reconstituted acetylcholine receptors: effect of protein surface potential (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 25 (1986), S. 5809-5818 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00367a070
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of spin-labeled local anesthetics to lobster nerves (1973)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 13 (1973), S. 233-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The hyperfine coupling constant of spin-labeled local anesthetics, 2-(N-methyl N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxyl)) ethyl 4-alkoxybenzoates, showed these compounds to partition betwen the aqueous exterior and the hydrocarbon phase of the membrane. Increased partitioning into the hydrocarbon phase of the membrane was in the order: hexyloxy〉butoxy〉ethoxy. Since these compounds are known to have different durations of anesthesia in the same order, this suggests that durations of activity and ability to partition into the hydrocarbon region of the membrane are related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868230
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of spin-labeled local anesthetics with the sodium channel of squid axon membranes (1982)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 66 (1982), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: local anesthetics ; voltage-clamp ; squid axon ; sodium channels ; spin label ; frequency dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effects of spin-labeled local anesthetics on sodium currents of internally perfused squid axons were studied using the voltage-clamp technique. Internal application (10 μm) of the most potent spin-labeled local anesthetic used in this study produced a small initial block of sodium currents. However, after sixty repetitive pulses (to +80 mV) given at 1 Hz, the sodium currents were drastically reduced. In addition to this frequency-dependent phenomenon, the anesthetic effect on the sodium currents was also sensitive to the voltage of the pulses. Both the frequency- and voltage-dependent properties remained intact after removal of sodium inactivation with pronase. The recovery of sodium currents from this frequency-dependent anesthetic effect followed a single exponential curve with a surprisingly long time constant of about 10 min. Such a long recovery time, which is longer than any known sodium inactivation process, led us to suggest that the recovery process represents the dissociation of drug molecules from their binding sites. We have also found that increasing hydrophobic character of the homologues series of spin-labeled local anesthetics enhances the frequency- and voltage-dependent block of sodium currents. This effect strongly suggests that hydrophobic interaction is an integral component of the binding site. These probes with their selective effects on the sodium currents, are expected to be highly useful in studying the molecular structure of the sodium channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868497
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thin film polymer blends undergoing phase separation and wetting: Identification of early, intermediate, and late stages (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 10386-10397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using forward recoil spectrometry and atomic force microscopy, the phase evolution of a critical blend thin film of deuterated poly(methyl methacrylate) (dPMMA) and poly(styrene-ran-acrylonitrile) (SAN) is found to develop by three distinct stages. During the early stage, dPMMA-rich wetting layers rapidly grow at the air/polymer and polymer/substrate interfaces. A hydrodynamic flow mechanism is proposed based on the scaling of the layer thickness with time, t−1, and the direct observation of an interconnected, bicontinuous morphology across the depletion zone. The lateral wave number of this morphology grows rapidly as t−1 but slows down to t−1/3 when the phase size approaches the film thickness. During the intermediate stage, the wetting layer thins and, concurrently, dPMMA-rich domains spanning the SAN-rich middle grow as t−0.41 in good agreement with an interfacially driven growth model. During the late stage, these capillary fluctuations eventually cause spontaneous rupturing of the middle layer resulting in an interconnected 2D network which eventually coarsens into isolated SAN-rich droplets encapsulated by a thick dPMMA-rich wetting layer. The surface roughness increases rapidly initially, reaches a constant value, and then increases at a much faster rate than that predicted by a trilayer model based on capillary fluctuations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1322638
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competing growth kinetics in simultaneously crystallizing and phase-separating polymer blends (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 7311-7315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic interplay between crystal superstructure growth and late-stage liquid phase coarsening in a polymer blend has been examined. By controlling the relative quench depths for liquid–liquid phase separation and crystallization, the growth kinetics of the characteristic length scales of the simultaneous ordering processes show a crossover from crystallization dominated to phase-separation dominated behavior. Based on a scaling argument for late-stage coarsening during spinodal decomposition, we argue that this kinetic crossover is inevitable in a blend for which the critical temperature of liquid–liquid phase separation is well above the equilibrium melting temperature of the blend. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1464537
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saturable Binding of Anesthetics to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 625 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb33897.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin-labeled analogs of local anesthetics (1973)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 16 (1973), S. 707-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00264a030
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OTTER: The design and development of an intelligent underwater robot (1996)
    Springer
    Autonomous robots 3 (1996), S. 297-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7527
    Keywords: autonomous underwater robot ; task-level control ; control/software architecture ; vision-sensing system ; coordinated arm/vehicle control ; 3D graphical user interfaces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Recent advances in sensing and intelligent control technologies open a whole new dimension in underwater autonomy. However, before truly-capable, autonomous underwater robots can be created for subsea intervention and exploration, many research issues must be first investigated and developed experimentally on testbed platforms. OTTER is an underwater robot designed to be used as a testbed for autonomous technologies. Both OTTER's hardware and software systems are configured to support simultaneous development and testing of different concepts for underwater robotic by independent researchers. A general control-software framework enables common access to all subsystems and avoids the duplication of basic robotic functionality jointly required by all projects. Additionally, the new autonomous technologies enabled by the results of individual research are mutually compatible and can be easily integrated into a single robotic system. Examples of new technologies demonstrated on the OTTER underwater robot include control from a real-time vision-sensing system, coordinated arm/vehicle control, and control from 3D graphical user interfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00141161
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular environment of the phencyclidine binding site in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor membrane (1991)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 122 (1991), S. 143-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: phencyclidine ; ESR ; EPR ; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ; spin label ; dielectric constant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Phencyclidine is a highly specific noncompetitive inhibitor of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. In a novel approach to study this site, a spin-labeled analogue of phencyclindine. 4-phenyl-4-(1-piperidinyl)-2.2.6.6.-tetramethylpiperidinoxyl (PPT) was synthesized. The binding of PPT inhibits86Rb flux (IC50=6.6μm), and [3H] phencyclidine binding to both resting and desensitized acetylcholine receptor (IC50=17 μm and 0.22 μm, respectively). From an indirect Hill plot of the inhibition of [3H]phencyclidine binding by PPT. a Hill coefficient of approximately one was obtained in the presence of carbamylcholine and 0.8 in α-bungarotoxin-treated preparations. Taken together, these results indicate that PPt mimics phencyclidine in its ability to bind to the noncompetitive inhibitor site and is functionally active in blocking ion flux across the acetylcholine receptor channel. Analysis of the electron spin resonance signal of the bound PPT suggests that the environment surrounding the probe within the ion channel is hydrophobic, with a hydrophobicity parameter of 1.09. A dielectric constant for the binding site was estimated to be in the range of 2–3 units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01872637
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