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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure, Eneystment and Cyst Wall Composition of the Resting Cyst of the Peritrich Ciliate Opisthonecta henneguyi (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 50 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The cyst wall of Opisthonecta henneguyi has been studied ultrastructurally and cytochemically by light and electron microscopy, as well as by chemical and electrophoretic analyses, to examine the structure of the cyst wall and its composition. The cyst wall consists of four morphologically distinct layers. The ectocyst is a thin dense layer. The mesocyst is the thickest layer and is composed of a compact material. The endocyst is a thin layer like the ectocyst, but less dense. The granular layer varies in thickness and is composed of a granular material. In the resting cyst, kinetosomes of both oral apparatus and trochal band as well as the myoneme system are maintained, and only cilia are resorbed. The sugars present in the cyst wall are predominantly N-acetylglucosamine (90%) and glucose (10%). The niesocyst is composed of chitin, and the endocyst includes glycoproteins and acid mucopolysaccharides. During secretion of the cyst wall, the endocyst and granular layer are secreted from precursors synthesized “de novo”. No cytoplasmic precursors of ectocyst and mesocyst have been detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00105.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actin of Histriculus cavicola: Characteristics of the Highly Divergent Hypotrich Ciliate Actins (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 46 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A macronuclear gene-sized molecule carrying an actin gene from the hypotrich ciliate, Histriculus cavicola, was characterized. Southern blot analysis using a coding region probe suggested that actin in H. cavicola is encoded by a single gene. A comparison of the promoter regions indicated that the H. cavicola actin gene has a TATA box in the 51 flanking region in a position identical to those in other oxytrich ciliates. The coding sequence of this gene is not interrupted by any introns, and codes for a protein of 375 amino acid residues. This protein shares a high degree of similarity with other oxytrichid actins, and a relatively low similarity with actins from other eukaryotes. Comparative analyses of sequences indicated that most of the amino acid substitutions in hypotrich actins are found in surface loops, while the core structures are well-conserved. The sites that interact with DNase I and several regions involved in actin-actin contact have diverged considerably in hypotrich actins, while nucleotide-binding sites are the best-conserved interaction motif.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1999.tb06063.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paramecium tetraurelia Encodes Unconventional Actin Containing Short Introns (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 45 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify and clone an actin gene fragment from Paramecium tetraurelia. This DNA fragment was 1,138 bp long, more than 96% of the actin coding sequence, and contained four in-frame UAA codons and two small introns located at positions unique in the actin intron catalogue. This is the first report for the phylum Ciliophora of an actin gene containing introns. The deduced amino acid sequence of this actin fragment shared 58-77% identity with other actins. When compared with rabbit α-muscle actin, similarities were observed mainly in subdomains 1 and 3, whereas subdomains 2 and 4 appeared to be more divergent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1998.tb05109.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Cold and Nocodazole Treatments on the Microtubular Systems of Paramecium in Interphase (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 36 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The sensitivity of the microtubular systems to cold and nocodazole treatments as well as the cellular distribution of microtubules containing acetylated a-tubulin have been studied in Paramecium. Our results indicate that the microtubular systems of Paramecium show marked differences in stability. Cold and nocodazole treatments produce the depolymerization of the major part of the cytoplasmic microtubular network while the cortical structures remain stable under treatment. This differential stability of the microtubular systems is associated with the acetylation of the a-tubulin. The use of the antibody 6-11B-1, specific for acetylated α-tubulin, shows that the microtubular systems containing acetylated a-tubulin are the same as those that remain stable after depoly-merizing treatments. Finally, the images obtained during the repolymerization by heating suggest that the cortical dikinetids are able to nucleate the microtubules of the cytoplasmic network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1989.tb01056.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Encystment in the Hypotrichous Ciliate Paraurostyla weissei: Ultrastructure and Cytochemistry (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 34 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The cyst wall of Paraurostyla weissei consists of four morphologically distinct layers. It shows an ultrastructure and composition similar to that of the previously described kinetosome-resorbing cysts, and its cytoplasm displays characteristics of “urostylid-type” cysts. Therefore it is possible to consider it a “transition ciliate” between Stichotrichina and Sporadotrichina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1987.tb03142.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Coriphosphine Staining to the Study of the Macronuclear Anlage of Stylonychia mytilus (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 23 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Coriphosphine staining of Stylonychia mytilus exconjugants at different times after separation reveals some details of the developing macronucleus. Green fluorescence is seen in both bands and heterochromatic blocks of the polytene chromosomes. No red fluorescence was observed along these chromosomes. Fragments of the old macronucleus and the pycnotic micronuclei have red or orange fluorescence. Red fluorescence is characteristic also of nucleoli in the new macronucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1976.tb03797.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Euplotes Cytoskeleton: Tubulin and Microtubular Systems in Interphase, (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 35 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Euplotes cytoskeleton obtained by treatment with Triton X-100 in a microtubule-stabilizing buffer has been studied by electron microscopy and SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. An antiserum has been prepared using the tubulin band from preparative gels of Euplotes cytoskeletons as an antigen. This antiserum reacts with the tubulin from different ciliated protozoa but fails to recognize the vertebrate tubulin by immunoblotting. Immunoblotting studies have demonstrated a slower electrophoretic mobility for the α-tubulin of Euplotes and Oxytricha than that of Paramecium and Tetrahymena. A cytoplasmic microtubular network in Euplotes has been revealed by indirect immunoftuorescence using both an anti-α-tubulin monoclonal antibody directed against chick brain tubulin and an antiserum raised against the tubulin of Euplotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1988.tb04116.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and Characterization of Three Polyclonal Antibodies Raised Against Cyst Wall Proteins of a Hypotrichous Ciliate (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 39 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three polyclonal antibodies raised against Paraurostyla sp. cyst wall polypeptides of molecular weight 110,000 (p110), 66,000 (p66) and 52,000 (p52) have been obtained. The specificity of the antisera was tested by immunoblotting. Anti-p110 antibody detected five bands of 300, 170, 135, 110 and 40 kDa, respectively. Antiserum obtained against p66 recognized only this protein. Anti-p52 antiserum showed reaction for two different bands of 52 and 44 kDa, respectively. The precise localization of these proteins in the cyst wall was assessed by light microscope immunocytochemistry. Anti-p110 antiserum produced a strong positive reaction in both the ectocyst and endocyst. Both anti-p66 and anti-p52 antibodies recognized the ectocyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb04854.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microtubular Systems of Paramecium in Division: Pattern of Cytospindle Assembly (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 37 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The pattern of cytospindle assembly and the modifications of the microtubular cytoplasmic network during division of Paramecium are studied by means of indirect immunofluorescence. The assembly of cytospindle starts at two independent areas placed respectively around the proter's and opisthe's buccal overture. The moment of the microtubule bundles’appearance depends on their distance from the buccal opening, with those closest appearing 1st. The existence of microtubule organizing centers that act transiently during division of Paramecium is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1990.tb01124.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nocodazole-Resistant Mutants in Paramecium (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 38 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of the microtubule inhibitor nocodazole was studied on Paramecium and shown to arrest cell multiplication, depolymerize the internal microtubule network, and block the development of macro- and micronuclear spindles and of the cytospindle (a cortical microtubule array assembled during division). After ultraviolet mutagenesis, three mutants resistant to nocodazole, that is capable of continued growth in the presence of the drug, were isolated and shown to correspond to three nonallelic single-gene nuclear mutations. One (nocr-1) is semidominant while the other two (nocr-2 and nocr-3) are recessive. Cytological and physiological studies of nocodazole's effects on the mutants demonstrate that their resistance is due neither to a lack of drug penetration nor to its degradation since, in each mutant in the presence of the drug, some microtubule networks are normal or subnormal while others remain affected as in wild-type cells. These are the first mutants resistant to microtubule depolymerizing drugs obtained in ciliates that provide a new tool for studying the assembly and dynamics of the diverse microtubule arrays in this type of organism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1991.tb01362.x
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