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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Integrated Theory of Stress Corrosion (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 206 (1965), S. 82-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The main problem in this theory is that ordering has not been detected in the alloys in question, although some recent work5, using electron transmission microscopy, does suggest ordering in 'Incoloy 800'. Another objection to the theory, which also applies to previous theories, is that it does not ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/206082b0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of a human heat-shock HSP 70 gene sequence to chromosome 6 and detection of two other loci by somatic-cell hybrid and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (1987)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 75 (1987), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The human 70 kdalton heat-shock protein (HSP 70) is a member of a multigene family which is expressed in response to various physiological stresses including elevated temperatures. Using a cloned genomic HSP 70 DNA sequence we demonstrate by somatic cell hybrid and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses that there are a minimum of three distinct HSP 70 loci in the human genome, one of which is located on chromosome 6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00591072
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation of anaerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by amino acids or nucleic acid bases: ergosterol and unsaturated fatty acids cannot replace oxygen in minimal media (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 247-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: yeast growth; sterols; unsaturated fatty acids; oxygen; anaerobiosis; amino acids; purine and pyrimidine bases; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nine out of ten industrially important strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not grow in minimal media under anaerobic conditions even when ergosterol and unsaturated fatty acids were provided. Anaerobiosis was maintained either by flushing the culture flasks with prepurified nitrogen or by incubating the flasks in an anaerobic chamber. Traces of oxygen present in ‘prepurified nitrogen gas’ were sufficient to initiate yeast growth and on removal of the oxygen by catalytic means the yeasts failed to grow. The yeast grew very well anaerobically if the medium was supplemented with a mixture of amino acids or with a mixture of purines and pyrimidines. The growth initiated by including a mixture of amino acids was further enhanced when the medium was supplemented with ergosterol and an unsaturated fatty acid. Since no oxygen requirement for the synthesis of amino acids or purines and pyrimidines has been demonstrated, growth promotion by these compounds under anaerobic conditions is most likely not by eliminating the need for oxygen for their synthesis. We suggest that the amino acids and the nucleic acid bases yielded, through some hitherto unknown reactions, small amounts of a molecular or usable form of oxygen which allowed key reactions essential for ‘anaerobic’ growth to proceed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900584
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of 21% (v/v) ethanol by fermentation of very high gravity (VHG) wheat mashes (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1992), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Very high gravity ; Wheat mash fermentation ; Fuel alcohol ; High pitching rates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Very high gravity wheat mashes containing 300 g or more sugares per liter were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch and fermented with a commercial preparation of active dry yeast. The active dry yeast used in this study was a blend of several strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae. The fermentation was carried out at 20°C at different pitching rates (inoculation levels) with and without the addition of yeast extract as nutrient supplement. At a pitching rate of 76 million cells per g of mash an ethanol yield of 20.4% (v/v) was obtained. To achieve this yeast extract must be added to the wheat mash as nutrient supplement. When the pitching rate was raised to 750 million cells per g of mash, the ethanol yield increased to 21.5% (v/v) and no nutrient supplement was required. The efficiency of conversion of sugar to ethanol was 97.6% at the highest pitching rate. This declined slightly with decreasing pitching rate. A high proportion of yeast cells lost viability at high pitching rates. It is suggested that nutrients released from yeast cells that lost viability and lysed, contributed to the high yield of ethanol in the absence of any added nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01583635
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of fuel alcohol from oats by fermentation (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: oats fermentation ; mash viscosity ; β-glucanase ; very high gravity ; fuel alcohol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Very high gravity (〉30 g dissolved solids per 100 ml) mashes were prepared from hulled and hulless oats and fermented at 20° C with active dry yeast to produce ethanol. Excessive viscosity development during mashing was prevented by hydrolyzing β-glucan with crude preparations of ‘σ-glucanase’ or ‘Biocellulase’. Both these preparations possessed endo-β-glucanase activity. By using these enzymes and by decreasing the water to grain ratio, very high gravity mashes with low viscosity were prepared. Unlike wheat and barley mashes, oat mashes contained sufficient amounts of assimilable nitrogen to promote a fast rate of fermentation. The free amino nitrogen (FAN) content of oat mash could be predicted by the equation, mg FAN L−1=8.9n wheren is the number of grams of dissolved solids in 100 ml of mash supernatant fluid. Ethanol yields of 353.2±3.7 L and 317.6±1.3 L were obtained per tonne (dry weight basis) of hulless (59.8% starch) and hulled (50.8% starch) oats respectively. The efficiency of conversion of starch to ethanol was the same in normal and very high gravity mashes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569812
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of virginiamycin to control the growth of lactic acid bacteria during alcohol fermentation (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 18 (1997), S. 284-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: fuel alcohol; virginiamycin; lactic bacteria; yield reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The antibiotic virginiamycin was investigated for its effects on growth and lactic acid production by seven strains of lactobacilli during the alcoholic fermentation of wheat mash by yeast. The lowest concentration of virginiamycin tested (0.5 mg Lactrol TMkg−1 mash), was effective against most of the lactic acid bacteria under study, but Lactobacillus plantarum was not significantly inhibited at this concentration. The use of virginiamycin prevented or reduced potential yield losses of up to 11% of the produced ethanol due to the growth and metabolism of lactobacilli. However, when the same concentration of virginiamycin was added to mash not inoculated with yeast, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and L. paracasei grew after an extensive lag of 48 h and L. plantarum grew after a similar lag even in the presence of 2 mg virginiamycin kg−1 mash. Results showed a variation in sensitivity to virginiamycin between the different strains tested and also a possible reduction in effectiveness of virginiamycin over prolonged incubation in wheat mash, especially in the absence of yeast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900381
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lysine inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: role of repressible L-lysine ε-aminotransferase (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 572-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Growth inhibition ; L-lysine ε-aminotransferase ; nitrogen limitation ; α-oxoadipic acid ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lysine added to grain mashes under nitrogen-limiting conditions (as in most industrial fermentations) inhibited growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This inhibition was relieved by raising the assimilable nitrogen content. Lysine-induced inhibition is not mediated through accumulation of α-oxoadipic acid, an intermediate of lysine metabolism which accumulates by a back up of intermediates in de novo synthesis. Lysine degradation is regulated by the synthesis of L-lysine ε-aminotransferase, an enzyme that catalyses the first step in one of three possible routes of lysine degradation (not previously reported in S. cerevisiae). Synthesis is repressed under nitrogenlimiting conditions, but derepressed when excess assimilable nitrogen is available. Derepression results in degradation of lysine and decreases inhibitory effects on growth. The toxic compound appears to be lysine itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367670
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical and electrokinetic characterization of cellulose acetate polymeric membranes (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 2527-2536 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The electrochemical and electrokinetic aspects of cellulose acetate membranes of varying pore structure and desalting abilities have been investigated. The electrochemical studies included measurement of conductance and membrane potential for various membrane electrolyte systems. The electrokinetic characterization was made from streaming potential measurements. The data obtained are explained in terms of interfacial double layer phenomena prevalent in porous permselective barrier systems. The average pore diameter evaluated independently is also presented and an attempt has been made to understand the solute-water transport in terms of weak ionic character of membrane surface.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340716
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  • 9
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    Control of Lactobacillus contaminants in continuous fuel ethanol fermentations by constant or pulsed addition of penicillin G (2003)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Localization of a human heat-shock HSP 70 gene sequence to chromosome 6 and detection of two other loci by somatic-cell hybrid and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (1987)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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