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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Weather economics : based on papers and discussions at a symposium held at the Welsh Plant Breeding Station near Aberystwyth on march 13th, 1968 (1970)
    Oxford : Pergamon Press
    Details Availability
    Call number: MOP 43109 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 126 Seiten
    Series Statement: Memorandum / University College of Wales 11
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Front Matter Copyright List of Figures Editor's Acknowledgements Aberystwyth Memoranda Introduction / JAMES A. TAYLOR CHAPTER 1 - The Cost of British Weather / JAMES A. TAYLOR CHAPTER 2 - The Effect of the Weather on Farm Organization and Farm Management / J.M. STANSFIELD CHAPTER 3 - Weather and Machinery Work-days / C.V. SMITH CHAPTER 4 - Basic Frost, Irrigation and Degree-day Data for Planning Purposes / W.H. HOGG CHAPTER 5 - Variations in the Marginal Value of Agricultural Labour Due to Weather Factors / W.J. TAGGART CHAPTER 6 - A Note on the Areal Patterns in the Value of Early Potato Production in South-west Wales, 1967 / J.G. TYRRELL CHAPTER 7 - Weather and Risk in Forestry / P.A. WARDLE CHAPTER 8 - The Use of Cost/benefit Studies in the Interpretation of Probability Forecasts for Agriculture and Industry: an Operational Example / E.T. STRINGER CHAPTER 9 - Edited Report of the Discussions Held at Symposium XI, 1968 / JAMES A. TAYLOR CHAPTER 10 - Economic Postscript / G.N. RUBRA Author Index Subject Index
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
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    Use of BIIGLE and iSIS to analyse time-series image data from the HAUSGARTEN observatory (2014)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Imaging Workshop, Southampton, 2014-04-07-2014-04-10
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 3
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    Temporal trends in the biomass of three epibenthic invertebrates from the deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN (Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean) (2018)
    INTER-RESEARCH
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology-Progress Series, INTER-RESEARCH, 602, pp. 15-29, ISSN: 0171-8630
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-24
    Description: In a bid to further understand processes that influence deep-sea epibenthic megafauna, which fulfil critical roles in the global carbon cycle, we present data from the Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research observatory HAUSGARTEN, in the Fram Strait, showing significant temporal changes in total biomass of 3 key organisms (Kolga hyalina, Elpidia heckeri and Mohnia spp.) at stations N3, HG-IV and S3 during repeated deployments over a time series spanning 2004−2015. Overall, all species investigated displayed a similar reproduction/recruitment cycle, with increasing mean mass per individual leading to decreases in abundance, and vice versa. However, there were 3 ‘events’ that deviated from this pattern. The first was a mass reproduction event of E. heckeri at HG-IV from 2012 onwards, likely due to an increased carrying capacity. The second event involved migration of K. hyalina from HG-IV between 2004−2007, with a return in 2011. This coincided with a shift in the composition of the particle flux at the station. The final event was a mass migration of K. hyalina to N3 between 2004 (0 ind. m−2) and 2007 (4.765 ± 0.084 ind. m−2). This event coincided with a 4-fold increase in phytodetrital food availability at the seafloor at N3. Our results highlight the importance of time-series studies to ascertain the key factors that influence epibenthic megafaunal communities. It also highlights the fact that more needs to be done in understanding the life history of these organisms, as this understanding is, so far, widely lacking.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Megafauna community assessment of polymetallic-nodule fields with cameras: platform and methodology comparison (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Biogeosciences, 17(12), pp. 3115-3133, ISSN: 1726-4189
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-26
    Description: With the mining of polymetallic nodules from the deep-sea seafloor once more evoking commercial interest, decisions must be taken on how to most efficiently regulate and monitor physical and community disturbance in these remote ecosystems. Image-based approaches allow non-destructive assessment of the abundance of larger fauna to be derived from survey data, with repeat surveys of areas possible to allow time series data collection. At the time of writing, key underwater imaging platforms commonly used to map seafloor fauna abundances are autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and towed camera “ocean floor observation systems” (OFOSs). These systems are highly customisable, with cameras, illumination sources and deployment protocols changing rapidly, even during a survey cruise. In this study, eight image datasets were collected from a discrete area of polymetallic-nodule-rich seafloor by an AUV and several OFOSs deployed at various altitudes above the seafloor. A fauna identification catalogue was used by five annotators to estimate the abundances of 20 fauna categories from the different datasets. Results show that, for many categories of megafauna, differences in image resolution greatly influenced the estimations of fauna abundance determined by the annotators. This is an important finding for the development of future monitoring legislation for these areas. When and if commercial exploitation of these marine resources commences, robust and verifiable standards which incorporate developing technological advances in camera-based monitoring surveys should be key to developing appropriate management regulations for these regions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Megafauna community assessment with cameras: Platform, annotator and methodology comparison (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Ocean Science Meeting, San Diego, California, USA
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 6
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    Temporal variations (2004-2015) in epibenthic megafaunal communities from the arctic deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN (2016)
    In:  EPIC351st European Marine Biology Symposium, Rhodes, Greece, 2016-09-26-2016-09-30
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    Publication Date: 2016-11-08
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 7
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    Dynamic benthic communities: assessing temporal variations in benthic community structure, megafaunal composition and diversity at the Arctic deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN between 2004 and 2015 (2017)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 122, pp. 81-94, ISSN: 0967-0637
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-27
    Description: Established in the Fram Strait in 1999, the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory HAUSGARTEN enables us to study changes on the deep Arctic seafloor. Repeated deployments of a towed camera system (Ocean Floor Observation System) along the same tracks allowed us to build a time series longer than a decade (2004 - 2015). Here, we present the first time-series results from a northern and the southernmost station of the observatory (N3 and S3, ~2650m and 2350m depth respectively) obtained via the analysis of still imagery. We assess temporal variability in community structure, megafaunal densities and diversity, and use a range of biotic and abiotic factors to explain the patterns observed. There were significant temporal differences in megafaunal abundances, diversity and abiotic factors at both stations. A particularly high increase in megafaunal abundance was recorded at N3 from 12.08 (±0.39; 2004) individuals m-2 to 35.21 (±0.97; 2007) ind. m-2 alongside a ten-fold increase in (drop-)stones. At S3, megafaunal densities peaked in 2015 (22.74 ±0.61 ind. m-2) after an increasing trend since 2004 (12.44 ±0.32 ind. m-2). Holothurians showed particularly striking temporal differences: densities of the small sea cucumber Elpidia heckeri densities rose ten-fold from 0.31 ind. m-2 (±0.04; 2004) to 3.74 ind. m-2 (±0.14; 2015) at S3, coinciding with a sustained increase in phytodetritial matter (chloroplastic pigment equivalents) at the seafloor. Initially entirely absent from N3, densities of the larger holothurian Kolga hyalina peaked in 2007 (5.87 ±0.22 ind. m-2) and declined continuously since then. Overall diversity (γ) increased at both stations over the course of the study, however, with varying contributions of α and β diversities. Our results highlight the importance of time-series studies as megafaunal community composition is characterised by continuous changes. This indicates that epibenthic communities from the deep seafloor are reactive and dynamic, with no “null” community state. To continue to monitor them is therefore crucial in understanding natural and anthropogenic impacts in an area exposed to the effects of climate change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
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    Ocean of change: what can we learn from long-term ecological research at HAUSGARTEN observatory (2016)
    In:  EPIC3Arctic Frontiers Seminar Abroad, Bremen, 2016-11-16-2016-11-16
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 9
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    Regional and Local-Scale Variation in Benthic Megafauna from the LTER Observatory HAUSGARTEN in the Arctic (2015)
    In:  EPIC314th Deep-Sea Biology Symposium, Aveiro, Portugal, 2015-08-31-2015-09-04
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-02
    Description: The LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory HAUSGARTEN, in the eastern Fram Strait, provides us the unique ability to study the composition of benthic megafaunal communities through the analysis of seafloor photographs. This, in combination with extensive annual sampling campaigns, which have yielded a unique data set on faunal, bacterial, biogeochemical and geological properties, as well as on hydrography and sedimentation patterns, allows us to address the question of why variations in megafaunal community structure and species distribution exist within regional (60-110 km) and local (〈4 km) scales. Here, we present first results from the latitudinal HAUSGARTEN transect, consisting of three different stations (N3, HG-IV, S3) between 78°30’N and 79°45’N (2500m depth), obtained via the analysis of images acquired by a towed camera (Ocean Floor Observation System) in 2011. We assess variability in megafaunal densities, species composition and diversity as well as biotic and abiotic factors, which may cause the patterns observed. While there were significant differences in megafaunal composition and densities between all stations (N3 = 26.74 ±0.63; HG-IV = 11.21 ±0.25; S3 = 18.34 ±0.39 individuals/m2), significant local differences were only found at HG-IV. We discuss our results in the context of sea ice coverage in the area and biogeochemical sediment parameters indicating food availability on the deep seafloor. These parameters were measured in parallel to the photographic transects, to develop the understanding of external factors that affect species distribution patterns amongst arctic benthic megafauna. Finally, we focus on specific individual species, such as the sea cucumber Kolga hyalina and the amphipod Neohela lamia, that display particularly significant and varied distribution patterns across the latitudinal transect, as well as within each transect, in 2011 and other years. The results will be discussed in the context of diminishing sea ice coverage with projections of completely ice free areas within 30 years.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 10
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    Bioturbation rates in the deep Fram Strait: Results from long-term in situ experiments at the arctic LTER Observatory HAUSGARTEN (2018)
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 511, pp. 1-9, ISSN: 0022-0981
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-10
    Description: Benthic fauna constantly modifies their physical, chemical and biological environment. The permanent biological reworking of surface sediments mediates biogeochemical processes at the seafloor and is, therefore, of global importance. There are numerous studies measuring the rate and extent of bioturbation worldwide, however, information on mixing rates in the deep ocean and especially in the Polar Regions are extremely scarce; to our knowledge there is, by now, only a single study providing bioturbation rates from the deep Arctic Ocean. The present study presents mixing rates and mixed layer depths for the deep seafloor at the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory HAUSGARTEN in Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean. Two stations at similar water depths (2400 m and 2500 m water depth, respectively) but approx. 55 km apart from each other were chosen to carry out long-term (2 and 4 years, respectively) in situ bioturbation experiments using luminophores as a tracer. Biodiffusion-like mixing rates Db at the experimental sites were rather similar (0.26 cm2 a-1 at HG-IV; 0.28 cm2 a-1 at S3); slightly (non-significantly) higher Db values at the southern HAUSGARTEN site S3 could be explained by more favorable environmental conditions and related differences in the faunal composition. Indications for a non-local transport of sediment particles from the surface to deeper parts of the sediment, resulting in higher values for the Non-Local Index (NLI), could only be found for the central HAUSGARTEN site HG-IV. Elevated densities of burrowing megafauna at HG-IV, compared to S3, might be responsible for the subsurface maxima in luminophore distribution and comparably higher NLI values at the central HAUSGARTEN site (5.37 at HG-IV; 3.26 at S3). Mixed layer depths L at the two sites were almost identical; considerable mixing of surface sediments occurred down to max. 6-7 cm sediment depth.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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