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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of the lactose and citrate plasmids in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 96 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis strain C17 to ferment lactose and citrate are stable functions when cells are continuously cultivated under carbon limitation with lactose and citrate present in the medium. Switching the carbohydrate source to glucose rapidly resulted in a population which could no longer ferment lactose. The presence of citrate had no effect on the rapidity of the loss of ability to utilize lactose. The ability of strain C17 to utilize citrate was unaffected by cultivation for more than two weeks on citrate-free medium, containing either lactose or glucose as fermentable carbohydrate. These results confirm the lack of stability of the lactose plasmid and demonstrate for the first time that the citrate plasmid in L. lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis is remarkably stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05385.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Requirement for c- ras proteins during viral oncogene transformation (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 320 (1986), S. 540-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Anti-ras monoclonal antibodies originally prepared by Furth et a/.15 have been analysed extensively. Monoclonal antibody Yl3-259 (which binds the c-ras proteins of a variety of species15) neutralized the activity of co-injected, purified ras protein, and induced a morphological reversion to the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320540a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Requirement for ras proto-oncogene function during serum-stimulated growth of NIH 3T3 cells (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 313 (1985), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the present study we used monoclonal antibodies (238 and 259) against viral ras protein prepared by Furth et al.8 (obtained from D. R. Lowy). These antibodies bind both viral Harvey ras protein and the related cellular protein, but antibody 259 alone recognizes viral Kirsten ras protein8. In ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/313241a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physiology of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis immobilized in hollow-fibre bioreactors: glucose, lactose and citrate metabolism at high cell densities (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 39 (1993), S. 94-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis was selected to study the physiological influences of immobilization and growth to high cell densities. Cells were cultivated on glucose or lactose medium in the presence and absence of citrate. With excess glucose the cells produced mainly lactate as the fermentation product (homofermentative) providing that not all of the substrate was consumed. The population so cultivated was exposed to extreme gradients of pH and lactate concentrations. When the glucose concentration was reduced the population showed a mixed product profile with half of the glucose being fermented to lactate, the remainder to formate, acetate, ethanol and 2,3-butanediol. Inclusion of citrate in the medium shifted the population to homofermentation, with respect to the amount of glucose or lactose consumed. The citrate was metabolized via the pyruvate-formate lyase and α-acetolactate synthase routes. The pH of the medium was shown to strongly influence the product profile from citrate, presumably by affecting the activity of the key enzymes of pyruvate metabolism. The lactococci immobilized at high cell densities show product profiles typical of carbohydrate limitation at low dilution rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166855
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catabolism of alkylbenzenes by Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643 (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 32 (1989), S. 68-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643 grew on a range of n-alkylbenzenes (C2-C7) and on several branched species within this chain size (isopropylbenzene, isobutylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene and tert-amylbenzene). All of the alkylbenzenes were catabolized via ring attack, rather than side-chain attack, proceeding via initial dioxygenase activity resulting in the corresponding 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxyalkylbenzene, which underwent reduction to the corresponding 2,3-dihydroxyl-intermediate (3-alkyl-substituted catechols). The 3-substituted catechols were ring-cleaved by an extra-diol type enzyme between C1 and C2 resulting in characteristic meta ring-fission products. Further catabolism was by hydrolytic attack to give alkyl-chain dependent carboxylic acids and, presumably, 2-oxopenta-4-enoate. Details of the intermediates and enzymes involved in alkylbenzene catabolism are given. This is the most versatile aromatic, ring-cleaving, alkylbenzene-utilizing bacterium thus far reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00164825
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catabolism of biphenyl by Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643 and Nocardia sp. NCIB 10503 (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 30 (1989), S. 395-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The metabolism of biphenyl by Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643 is reported in detail; that of Nocardia sp. NCIB 10503 is briefly investigated. Both organisms dissimilate biphenyl by the same route via oxidation to 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl, meta cleavage to a product identified as 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate which is then cleaved to give benzoate. Benzoate is a deadend metabolite in the pseudomonad but in the nocardia is further catabolised to catechol and thence to cis, cis-muconate. The enzymes involved in the individual steps of the proposed pathway have been assayed. The proposed pathway differs from that previously suggested for Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643 but is the same as found in other pseudomonads. This is the first report of catabolism of biphenyl in an actinomycete.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296630
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interactions of various aromatic substrates degraded by Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643: synergistic inhibition of growth by two compounds that serve as growth substrates (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 34 (1991), S. 536-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 10643, which grows on biphenyl and a range of alkyl- and isoalkylbenzenes, simultaneously degraded mixtures of biphenyl or ethyl-benzene with 3- or 4-hydroxybenzoates. However, the bacterium could not grow on a mixture of ethylbenzene and biphenyl despite both compounds serving as good growth substrates when supplied separately and both being catabolized by converging pathways. Exposure of the bacterium to both substrates together quickly led to total loss of viability. We call this phenomenon “synergistic inhibition” of growth. It does not appear to be due to co-solubility of one substrate in the other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180584
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of 3-chloro-2-methylpropionic acid by Xanthobacter sp. CIMW 99 (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 36 (1991), S. 246-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Both stereoisomers of 3-chloro-2-methylpropionic acid (CMPA) and its methyl esters (MeCMPA) serve as growth substrates for a bacterial isolate (Xanthobacter sp. CIMW 99) when supplied as sole source of carbon and energy. Biodegradation of dl-CMPA and dl-MeCMPA was shown to be via a common pathway; an initial, constitutive, esterase converted the methyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Further metabolism required the activation of CMPA involving a CoA-, ATP-, Mg2+-dependent chloroacyl-CoA synthetase. Most noteworthy, it was the product of this reaction (3-chloro-2-methylpropionyl-CoA) that underwent hydrolytic dehalogenation to give 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyl-CoA (3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA). Further biodegradation proceeded by the action of a dehydrogenase on the CoA derivative to give methylmalonate-CoA-semialdahyde. Cells of CIMW 99 also contained a stable, constitutive, highly active 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase that was specific for the l(+) isomer. However, evidence is presented suggesting that this enzyme was not involved in the catabolism of the chlorinated substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00164429
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of calcium alginate entrapment on the physiology of Mycobacterium sp. strain E3 (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 38 (1993), S. 642-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of calcium alginate entrapment on the physiology of Mycobacterium sp. E3 is reported. As a model system the NADH-requiring conversion of propene to 1,2-epoxypropane in the presence and absence of glucose as co-substrate was selected. The co-factor-dependent reaction was used as a measure of the physiological status of the resting cells. Initial kinetic experiments established a system free from diffusional limitations. In the presence of glucose there were no differences between the physiology of the free and immobilized cells. The apparent differences observed in the absence of co-substrate were demonstrated to be caused by calcium ions and to a lesser degree alginate; the addition of calcium, alginate or calcium alginate beads containing no cells to the free cells gave similar data to that obtained with immobilized cells. The results presented highlight the high concentrations of calcium to which cells immobilized in calcium alginate beads can be exposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182804
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria (1990)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 1 (1990), S. 191-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: alkenylbenzenes ; alkylbenzenes ; arenes ; benzene ; biphenyl ; fused aromatic compounds ; single bacterial isolates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Aromatic compounds of both natural and man-made sources abound in the environment. The degradation of such chemicals is mainly accomplished by microorganisms. This review provides key background information but centres on recent developments in the bacterial degradation of selected man-made aromatic compounds. An aromatic compound can only be considered to be biodegraded if the ring undergoes cleavage, and this is taken as the major criteria for inclusion in this review (although the exact nature of the enzymic ring-cleavage has not been confirmed in all cases discussed). The biodegradation of benzene, certain arenes, biphenyl and selected fused aromatic hydrocarbons, by single bacterial isolates, are dealt with in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058836
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