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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Geneva : WMO
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 844(18)
    In: World Climate Programme
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 35 S.
    Series Statement: World Climate Programme 18
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Call number: MOP Per 301(40)
    In: Division of Atmospheric Physics technical paper
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: II, 43 S.
    ISBN: 0643004203
    Series Statement: Division of Atmospheric Physics technical paper 40
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A10-93-0051-1 ; AWI A10-93-0051-2 ; MOP 40335 / Mitte
    In: Developments in atmospheric science
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Various conversions and constants. - List of principal symbols. - Chapter 1. The global picture. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Basic models. - 3. Temperatures, cloud cover and solar constant. - 4. Time constants. - 5. Mean meridional cross-sections. - 6. Cloud and radiation loss. - 7. Radiative cooling rates and global dynamics. - 8. Satellite observations and longitudinal asymmetries. - 9. Global dynamics as a passive variable. - Chapter 2. Terminlogy, basic laws, and standards. - 1. Field quantities. - 2. Absorption, reflection and transmission. - 3. Scattering. - 4. Thermal emission. - 5. Meteorological radiation quantities. - 6. Standards. - Chapter 3. The sun. - 1. Radiant output. - 2. Long-term variations. - 3. Position terminology and formulae. - 4. Zenith angle and air mass. - 5. 24-hour totals of radiation input. - Chapter 4. Radiative Transfer. - 1. Introduction. - 2. The transfer equation. - 3. Mie scatter. - 4. Numerical solutions. - Chapter 5. Solar radiation within the atmosphere. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Ozone absorption. - 3. Water vapour absorption in clear skies. - 4. The effect of cloud. - 5. Rayleigh scatter. - Chapter 6. Radiation at the ground. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Solar direct beam. - 3. Diffuse radiation in clear skies. - 4. Radiation on a tilted surface. - 5. Radiative properties of the surface. - 6. Parameterized components of net radiation at the ground. - 7. Radiation in the ocean. - Chapter 7. Long-wave radiation transfer in the clear atmospere. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Distribution and nature of atmospheric absorption. - 3. The equation of radiative transfer. - 4. The equation of vertical flux density. - 5. Transmittance modelling. - 6. Radiative cooling models for the troposphere and lower stratosphere. - 7. Radiative cooling in the middle atmosphere (30-100 km). - Chapter 8. Clouds and long-wave transfer. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Water droplet and ice crystal infrared parameters. - 3. The absorption approximation. - 4. "Standard" clouds. - 5. Emissivities of clouds. - 6. Effects of clouds on atmospheric cooling. - 7. Comparison of atmospheric cooling in clear skies and in a cloudy atmosphere. - Chapter 9. Atmospheric aerosols. - 1. Introduction. - 2. The extinction of short-wave solar radiation. - 3. Absorption of short-wave radiation. - 4. Atmospheric turbidity. - 5. Extinction of infrared long-wave radiation. - 6. The effect of an increase in atmospheric aerosols on climate. - Chapter 10. Radiation and general dynamics. - 1. The mean temperature profile of the atmosphere. - 2. Radiation in the troposphere. - 3. Radiation within the boundary layer. - 4. Radiation and the meteorology of cloud. - Appendix. - 1. Aerosol size distributions. - 2. Particle growth with humidity. - 3. Aerosol refractive indices. - 4. Cloud droplet size distributions. - References. - Index.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 318 S. : graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 0444414444
    Series Statement: Developments in atmospheric science 5
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: AWI Library
    Branch Library: AWI Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 341 (1989), S. 428-429 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The annual-global-mean radiative temperature Ts is con-trolled by the balance of the incoming solar radiation that is absorbed by the planet and the terrestrial infrared radiation^the intensity of which is proportional to T4. The value of Ts is -255 K or -18 á°C, which would be the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 182-185 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We used a ruby laser (0.694 jim) with a pulse length of 0.5 us, and the transmitter and receiver beamwidths were 1.0 mrad and 5.7 mrad respectively1. The field of view of the radiometer (10-12 jim) was 6 mrad and it had a minimum detectable radiance of 0.002 mW cm~2 sr~* with an output ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 4 (1986), S. 187-197 
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Cape Grim ; aerosol ; turbidity ; sea-salt ; size distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Five years of turbidity data at Cape Grim have been analysed. The turbidity at 500 nm in “clean” maritime airmasses from the South to the West shows a seasonal variation, with a minimum in winter. There is also a variation in turbidity with wind speed. The winter minimum can be explained partially by a minimum in wind strength in that season. On the assumption, based on observations at Cape Grim and at other locations, that the boundary layer turbidity is caused by seasalt haze, an attempt is made to interpret the observed turbidity values and their seasonal changes. Optical extinction coefficients at the surface deduced from the measured values of optical depth are compared with extinction coefficients calculated from Mie theory using particle size distributions measured at Cape Grim. Reasonable agreement is obtained when the growth of salt particles in the high maritime humidity is considered, using both theoretical models and previous experimental results together with the rapid increase in salt concentration with wind speed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 56 (1997), S. 137-152 
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Remotely sensed scanning radiometer and lidar data on cirrus clouds were obtained during the cirrus FIRE IFO experiment in November 1986 from the ER-2 aircraft plat-form. Data were examined particularly on 2 November for an area in the vicinity of Wausau, Wisconsin where unusual effects were noticed in bispectral histograms from various channels in the scanner data. After calibration of the data in spectral channels of both the Scan Cloud Radiometer (SCR) and Multichannel Cloud Radiometer (MCR) instruments, including direct comparison between compatible channels in the two instruments, it was found that the 0.856 µm SCR channel gave good data, whereas the 0.665 µm and 0.74 µm SCR channels gave large offsets, when compared with the MCR 0.754 µm data. The latter channel was found to compare well in a second comparison with coincident AVHRR channel satellite data. Similarly, the SCR 11.17 µm data gave consistent results and the SCR 3.74 µm data were carefully calibrated. Bispectral histograms formed between 0.856 µm, 3.74 µm and 11.17 µm SCR channel data indicated that some coherent layers of cirrus clouds were giving enhanced solar reflectance at 3.74 µm, indicative of small (~ 〈25 µm radius) particles, whereas other neighbouring layers gave little reflectance. A comparison of 0.856 µm reflections with 11.17 µm absorption optical depth indicated that the small particles where probably ice crystals. A comparison of 3.74 µm solar albedo and 11.17 µm absorption optical depths of these layers with theoretical calculations for ice spheres indicated a mode radius of about 8 µm for the cloud particle size distribution. An estimate from similar recent calculations on hexagonal ice crystals indicated that the retrieved effective radius would be increased to 25 µm. The difference between the two retrieved radii was a measure of the uncertainty in the retrievals, considering also differences in the assumed size distributions. Qualitative comparison with ER-2 lidar data gave a tentative identification of the reflecting layers. The results demonstrate the power of the 3.74 µm channel for identification of small-particle layers in cirrus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1986-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-7764
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0662
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1974-11-20
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1972-03-20
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
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