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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-03-08
    Description: We simulated an experimental summer storm in large-volume (~1200 m3, ~16m depth) enclosures in Lake Stechlin (https://www.lake-lab.de) by mixing deeper water masses from the meta- and hypolimnion into the mixed layer (epilimnion). The mixing included the disturbance of a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) which was present at the same time of the experiment in Lake Stechlin and situated in the metalimnion of each enclosure during filling. Phytoplankton community composition and biomass of phytoplankton functional groups were monitored for 42 days after the experimental disturbance event in addition to water physical variables and water chemistry. Mixing disrupted the thermal stratification, increased concentrations of dissolved nutrients and CO2 and changed light conditions in the epilimnion. Mixing stimulated phytoplankton growth and changes phytoplankton community composition, resulting in higher biomass of Cryptophyceae (within one week after mixing), Nostocales (mainly Dolichospermum sp.; 2-3 weeks after mixing) and thereafter Bacillariophyceae (mainly Asterionella sp.).
    Keywords: Achnanthes minutissima, biomass, wet mass; Ankyra sp., biomass, wet mass; Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, biomass, wet mass; Aphanocapsa sp., biomass, wet mass; Asterionella formosa, biomass, wet mass; Bacillariophyceae, biomass, wet mass; BIBS; Botryococcus braunii, biomass, wet mass; Bridging in Biodiversity Science; Ceratium hirundinella, biomass, wet mass; Chlamydomonas sp., biomass, wet mass; Chlorella sp., biomass, wet mass; Chlorococcales sp., biomass, wet mass; Chlorophyceae, biomass, wet mass; Chroococcus sp., biomass, wet mass; Chroococus distans, biomass, wet mass; Chrysochromulina parva, biomass, wet mass; Chrysoflagelata spp., biomass, wet mass; Chrysophyceae, biomass, wet mass; Chrysophyceae cysts, biomass, wet mass; Cimbella sp., biomass, wet mass; Climate change; Climate driven Changes in Biodiversity of Microbiota; Closterium aciculare, biomass, wet mass; Closterium acutum var. variabile, biomass, wet mass; Closterium cynthia, biomass, wet mass; Closterium gracile, biomass, wet mass; Coelastrum sp., biomass, wet mass; Coelosphaerium kuetzingianum, biomass, wet mass; Coenocystis policocca, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium bioculatus, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium botrytis, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium moniliforme var. moniliforme, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium phaseolus, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium reniforme, biomass, wet mass; Cosmarium turpinii, biomass, wet mass; Crucigenia rectangularis, biomass, wet mass; Cryptomonas sp., biomass, wet mass; Cryptophyceae, biomass, wet mass; Cyanophyceae, biomass, wet mass; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM); Defined after Reynolds et al. (2002) and Padisák et al. (2009); DEPTH, water; Description; Diatoms, centrales, biomass, wet mass; Dinobryon acuminatum, biomass, wet mass; Dinobryon cysts, biomass, wet mass; Dinobryon divergens, biomass, wet mass; Dinobryon sociale, biomass, wet mass; Dinophyceae, biomass, wet mass; disturbance; Dolichospermum akinete, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum circinalis, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum flosaquae, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum lemmermanni, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum macrospora, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum planctonicum, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum solitaria, biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum sp., biomass, wet mass; Dolichospermum spp., biomass, wet mass; Dolichspermum mendotae, biomass, wet mass; Elakatothrix gelatinosa, biomass, wet mass; enclosure experiment; Enclosure experiment; Epipyxis sp., biomass, wet mass; Epithemia sp., biomass, wet mass; Euastrum gemmatum, biomass, wet mass; Eudorina sp., biomass, wet mass; Fragilaria crotonensis, biomass, wet mass; Fragilaria cyclopum, biomass, wet mass; Fragilaria sp., biomass, wet mass; Franceia sp., biomass, wet mass; Germany; Gloeocapsa sp., biomass, wet mass; Golenkinia sp., biomass, wet mass; Gymnodinium helveticum, biomass, wet mass; Gymnodinium lacustre, biomass, wet mass; Haptophyceae, biomass, wet mass; Hormogonales sp., biomass, wet mass; Katablepharis ovalis, biomass, wet mass; Kephyrion sp., biomass, wet mass; Lagerheimia sp., biomass, wet mass; Lake_Stechlin; Mallomonas sp., biomass, wet mass; Merismopedia sp., biomass, wet mass; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Microcystis spp., biomass, wet mass; Monoraphidium contortum, biomass, wet mass; Monoraphidium griffithii, biomass, wet mass; Monoraphidium sp., biomass, wet mass; Mougeotia sp., biomass, wet mass; Navicula sp., biomass, wet mass; Nephrocytium limneticum, biomass, wet mass; NITROLIMIT; Nostocales, biomass, wet mass; Ochromonas sp., biomass, wet mass; Oocystis borgei, biomass, wet mass; Oocystis lacustris, biomass, wet mass; Oxygen/Nitrogen ratio; Pandorina morum, biomass, wet mass; Pediastrum boryanum, biomass, wet mass; Pediastrum duplex, biomass, wet mass; Peridinium aciculiferum, biomass, wet mass; Peridinium sp., biomass, wet mass; Phacotus lenticularis, biomass, wet mass; Phytoplankton, biomass, wet mass; Phytoplankton, functional group, biomass, wet mass; phytoplankton traits; Picocyanobacteria, biomass, wet mass; Planktothrix rubescens, biomass, wet mass; Pseudanabaena sp., biomass, wet mass; Pseudokephyrion ellipsoideum, biomass, wet mass; Pseudopedinella, biomass, wet mass; Pseudosphaerocystis sp., biomass, wet mass; Pseudotetraedriella kamillae, biomass, wet mass; Quadrigula pfitzeri, biomass, wet mass; Quantitative phytoplankton method (Utermöhl, 1958); Radiococcus sp., biomass, wet mass; Radiocystis sp., biomass, wet mass; Rhabdogloea scendesmoides, biomass, wet mass; Rhodomonas lacustris, biomass, wet mass; Rhodomonas lens, biomass, wet mass; Rhopalodia gibba, biomass, wet mass; Scenedesmus aculeolatus, biomass, wet mass; Scenedesmus armatus, biomass, wet mass; Scenedesmus costato-granulatus, biomass, wet mass; Scenedesmus ecornis, biomass, wet mass; Scenedesmus sp., biomass, wet mass; Schroederia robusta, biomass, wet mass; Sphaerocystis sp., biomass, wet mass; Spyrogyra sp., biomass, wet mass; Staurastrum cf. planktonicum, biomass, wet mass; Staurastrum paradoxum, biomass, wet mass; Stauridium tetras, biomass, wet mass; Stickstofflimitation in Binnengewässern; Synedra sp., biomass, wet mass; Synedra ulna, biomass, wet mass; TemBi; Tetraedron minimum, biomass, wet mass; Trachydiscus sexangulatus, biomass, wet mass; Treatment; Treubaria sp., biomass, wet mass; Ulothrix sp., biomass, wet mass; Zygnema sp., biomass, wet mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17848 data points
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 15 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1Horizontal distribution, long-term (1933–82) and short-term (day-to-day) changes in abundance, vertical stratification and circadian rhythm of the freshwater dinoflagellate Ceratium hirtmdinella were studied in Lake Balaton, the largest shallow lake of Central Europe.2The lowest abundance was consistently found in those areas of the lake which had the strongest currents.3The density of C. hirundinella seemed to be, at least in those parts of the lake above the level of fertility considered oligotrophic, insensitive to changes in trophic conditions; only its relative contribution to total biomass decreased with increased enrichment.4During the day the bulk of the population stayed at a level in which the light intensity was between 126 and 440 μE m-2 s-1 PAR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. This study introduces delayed fluorescence (DF) excitation spectroscopy as an on-line tool for in situ monitoring of the composition and biomass of various colour classes of phytoplankton when they are photosynthetically active (cyanobacteria, chlorophytes, chromophytes and cryptophytes). The DF data are validated by comparison with those from conventional methods (weekly microscopic counts and the measurement of chlorophyll concentration).2. The composition of phytoplankton as assessed by DF agreed reasonably well with the results from microscopic counts, particularly when differences in chlorophyll-specific DF integrals of the various colour classes were taken into account.3. Integrals of DF spectra were converted into concentration of chlorophyll a using empirical factors derived from field data. The value of the conversion factor was nearly twice as high when the relative abundance of cyanobacteria was low (〈15%) than when it was high. The converted DF-chl time series agreed well with chlorophyll measurements particularly when blooms were developing. As the DF method is inherently free of the interference caused by pigment degradation products, the discrepancy between the two data sets increased during the collapse of blooms and when sediment resuspension was intense.4. Fourier spectrum analysis of the time series of DF-chl indicated that samples must be taken, at a minimum, every 2–3 days to capture the dynamics of phytoplankton. As a consequence, the dynamics of various algal blooms, including their timing, duration and net growth rate, could be estimated with greater confidence than by using conventional methods alone.5. On-line DF spectroscopy is an advanced technique for monitoring daily the biomass and composition of the photosynthetically active phytoplankton in aquatic environments, including turbid shallow lakes. At present, the detection limit is around 1 mg DF-chl a m−3 in terms of total biomass but confidence in estimates of phytoplankton composition declines sharply below about 5 mg chl a m−3.6. On-line DF spectroscopy represents a promising approach for monitoring phytoplankton. It will be useful in water management where it can act as an early-warning system of declines in water quality. In basic ecological research it can supplement manual methods. While default calibration spectra may be acceptable for routine monitoring, we suggest a careful individual calibration of the DF spectrometer for basic research. The statistical methods developed here help to assess the adequacy of various calibration sets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: hypertrophic pond ; Cylindrospermopsis ; phytoplankton associations ; top-down effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytoplankton species composition and abundance of a shallow hypertrophic fishpond (Mézeshegyi-tó, East Hungary) was studied for the period 1992–1995. The pond showed a pronounced algal periodicity. High-diversity phytoplankton assemblages occurred in spring and autumn. During the winter period, low diversity values were related either to stable community states, when K-strategist species dominated the plankton, or to a large bloom of r-strategist species. In summer, the stable environment led to low-diversity, high-biomass phytoplankton assemblages, dominated by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. At this time, the growth conditions for Cylindrospermopsiswere akin to those prevailing in a continuous fermentor. The overwhelming dominance of this species lasted for more than four months, during which time, the phytoplankton resembled that of one in the tropics. In August, 1993, an unsuccessful chemical treatment for reducing the algal bloom succeeded in killing the pond's entire population of fish. The large fish-stock comprised the planktivorous silver carp. Although the summer of 1994 was one of the warmest summers of this century, the expected Cylindrospermopsis bloom failed to develop probably because of a higher grazing pressure by large zooplankton. In spite of the fact that the temporal and spatial pattern of the phytoplankton is influenced principally by bottom-up effects, changes in cascading trophic interactions may also considerably influence the species composition and biomass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phytoplankton ; lake typology ; trophic status ; community assembly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An overview of the eleventh IAP Workshop is presented. Although significant progress has been made in the recognition of the factors governing species selection at differing trophic levels, it is recognised that the ultimate influences of species composition are precedent and stochasticity. No individual species is selected uniquely by a given combination of environmental conditions, although there are functional and morphological traits which pre-adapt some species above others to function preferentially in either oligotrophic or eutrophic conditions. With this in mind, a new set of rules of community assembly is offered.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phytoplankton succession ; oligotrophic lakes ; picophytoplankton ; winter growth ; diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytoplankton samples were taken weekly from January to December of 1994 (epilimnion) and 1995 (0–25 m, euphotic zone) from the deep, stratified, alkaline, oligotrophic Lake Stechlin, Baltic Lake District, Germany. The purpose of the study was to gain detailed information about phytoplankton changes including those of picophytoplankton, to relate these changes to stratification patterns and nutrient chemistry of the lake and to compare them to results from other lakes of similar character. During 1994–1995, a total of 142 phytoplankton taxa was encountered in quantitative samples, most being common in deep, oligotrophic lakes. Seasonal development of phytoplankton is characterized by a definite spring peak followed by a moderate summer peak. Autotrophic picophytoplankton made the largest contribution to the annual total biomass. This is probably true for other, temperate, non-acidic, oligotrophic lakes. Development of the spring assemblage (autotrophic picophytoplankton and centric diatoms) starts in February–March and is terminated by the onset of stratification when diatoms sink to the hypolimnion. Picophytoplankton, especially Synechococcus sp., assembles in a narrow deep-layer maximum in the upper hypolimnion. Our data show that neither deep circulations nor decreased incident radiation under winter ice and snow cover prevent the development of some specially adapted low-light – high-nutrient species. Our views about the length of vegetation period for phytoplankton need to be revised with respect to winter and isothermal conditions.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis ; community composition ; seasonality ; complexity ; stress ; characteristic disturbance pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationships between the species richness, diversity and equitability of phytoplankton is discussed in the context of Connell's (1978, Science 199: 1304–1310) Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH). The records of 759 vertical phytoplankton samples, which were obtained from four shallow central European lakes (Balaton, Neusiedlersee, and two small artificial ponds) at daily to weekly intervals were analysed. 1) The Shannon-Weaver function was used to measure diversity of the recorded species compositionof the phytoplankton. It is shown on fictitious data that compositional diversity is sensitive to the numberof coequilibrating species provided that the suspected interrelationship between diversity and ‘complexity’is amenable to the application of this method. 2) The disturbance scale that was developed on the basis of the field records fits well to Reynolds'(1988, Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 23: 683–691) derivation: 〈 3 days qualifies as high frequency, approximatel3–8 days as intermediate frequency and 〉 8–9 days as low frequency of disturbance for phytoplankton. 3) Arithmetical means of the compositional diversity of phytoplankton under different frequencies ofdisturbance support the hypothesis that maximal diversity appears at intermediate frequencies. 4) There are different reasons for decrease in diversity at higher and lower frequencies. Inequitabilitydiminishes diversity at low disturbance; while species number decreases at high frequencies. 5) The case of Neusiedlersee calls attention to the fact that it is difficult, if at all possible, to differentiatebetween the indices under continuous stress and high frequency of disturbance in lakes in temperateregions. Similar species number-equitability pattern are induced by both and it is also presumablethat high frequency disturbance can itself effect a serious stress. 6) The striking effects that regular major periodic events (e.g. significant changes in the grazing pressureat the onset of the clear-water phase, autumnal cooling) in the plankton have on its species diversity areevident. Thus, the relative importance of intermediate frequency disturbances has its own seasonality:it is increasingly important in periods (partly in the spring, but mostly in the summer-autumn equilibriumphases), in which competition among phytoplankton species is increasing. This observation suggestsa way by which the stochasticity-based IDH can be incorporated into rather more deterministicexplanations (e.g. PEG-model; Sommer et al., 1986. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 106: 433–471) of planktonsuccession. 7) The most controversial issue and, therefore, the main difficulty, with IDH is that it not onlymaintains species richness in an ecosystem but it also supposes its presence. The lack of either earlyor late successional species in a given community can inactivate the mechanism. From the point of viewof the diversity-species richness relationship, the persistence of disturbance at given frequencies is ofgreater importance than the temporal alterations themselves in the evolutionary ecology of the phytoplankton. 8) For characteristically unperturbed phytoplankton communities (no case was studied here), equilibriumconcepts (niche diversification, etc.) should be more strongly applicable to their diversity andspecies richness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 215 (1991), S. 111-119 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: shallow lakes ; phytoplankton biomass ; chlorophyll-a ; cell size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Based on 388 parallel data of phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll-a of two shallow lakes and two ponds, the following results were obtained: 1) Relative chlorophyll-a content of phytoplankton biomass varied between 0.08–1.88%; chlorophyll-a concentration showed great differences among lakes. 2) Significant correlations (r = 0.68–0.92) were established between phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll-a concentration. The regression in the artificial ponds was non-linear. 3) In parallel with the increase of average cell volume, a decrease in relative chlorophyll-a content was observed. A significant correlation (r = + 0.83) between the two variables was found. Relative chlorophyll-a content of phytoplankton is a log-function of average cell volume.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 289 (1994), S. 23-42 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: meroplankton ; picoalgae ; selective environments ; resuspension ; climatic effects ; desiccation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytoplankton species composition, horizontal distribution, seasonal- and long-term dynamics are investigated in relation to some environmental factors, based on about 700 samples taken between 1968 and 1992 in the shallow, turbid, turbulent, saline Neusiedlersee (Austria/Hungary). We deduced: 1. The phytoplankton is relatively poor in species which is attributable to high salinity and turbidity. Blue-green algae of picoalgal size, meroplanktonic diatoms, green algae either with gelée or elongated form are the most important groups in the plankton; 2. No consequent horizontal differences in the distribution of phytoplankton biomass were found; the high contribution of diatoms (69%) and green algae (22%) is characteristic; 3. Despite the low percentage contribution (0.54%) of phytoplankton dry weight in total seston, the two variables correlate closely because of simultaneous resuspension after wind actions. The prevalence of both low phytoplankton/seston ratio and significant correlation between these two variables is indicative to the presence of a meroplankton; 4. Phytoplankton biomass, especially that of diatoms, varies within wide limits in the short term as a combined effect of growth/loss, transport by horizontal water currents and periodic resuspension from the sediment surface. Diatoms like Fragilaria, Surirella and Campylodiscus are involved especially. Parameters of population dynamics (growth rate, annual cycles, length of stationary phases, standing crop) were estimated based on moving averages. Growth rates were smaller than those of ‘normal’ planktonic species; however, the similarities of seasonal pattern suggest that the carrying capacity of the lake is very constant; 5. Picoalgal biomass is very high in the lake; its contribution to total biomass can exceed 75%, especially in spring. The large cellular chlorophyll a content of Neusiedlersee's phytoplankton can most probably be explained by this high picoalgal standing crop, which is not included in the routine biomass estimations; 6. Concerning long-term changes of phytoplankton, periodic appearances and disappearances are very characteristic. Annual average biomass of most species is growing for several (3–5) years, then declining with a similar rate and these periods are recurrent. Climatic drying-out periods, during which water level lowers, conductivity increases, nutrients and their ratios change following trend-like periodicities, and they are supposed to be responsible for the observed longterm periodicity of dominant species. An increased nutrient load in the seventies was superimposed on this cyclicity; 7. Most of the species can be found in smaller or larger amounts in the littoral microhabitats (canals, inner ponds) of the lake in periods when they are absent or very rare in the open water. Thus, these littoral microhabitats play a very important role in the survival and recruitment of planktonic populations to the open water.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Silica scales ; Chrysophyceae ; Synurophyceae ; distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The silica-scaled flagellate flora of permanent (reservoirs, fishponds) and temporary (roadside Caricetum) waters of the Hortobágy National Park, eastern Hungary, was studied based on materials collected in summer 1995 and spring 1996. Altogether, twenty-six taxa were identified in TEM studies: two belong to Chrysophyceae (Chrysosphaerella brevispina, Paraphysomonas vestita) and twenty-four to the Synurophyceae of which eighteen Mallomonas (M. acaroides, M. akrokomos, M. alpina, M. annulata, M. areolata, M. calceolus, M. caudata, M. corymbosa, M. crassisquama, M. cyathellata, M. elongata, M. heterospina, M. intermedia, M. paxillata, M. portae-ferreae, M. punctifera, M. teilingii and M. tonsurata) and six Synura (S. curtispina, S. petersenii var. petersenii, S. petersenii var. glabra, S. spinosa, S. splendida and S. uvella).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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