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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-04-10
    Beschreibung: By combining the data of the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer and the AKARI satellite, we study the infrared colour properties of a sample of 2712 nearby radio-luminous galaxies (RLGs). These RLGs are divided into radio-loud (RL) active galactic nuclei (AGNs), mainly occurring at redshifts of 0.05 〈 z 〈 0.3 and star-forming-dominated RLGs (SFGs), mainly occurring at redshifts of 0.01 〈 z 〈 0.15. RL AGNs and SFGs are separately distributed in the ([3.4]–[4.6])–([4.6]–[12]) two-colour diagram, in which the RL AGNs display a double-core distribution, and the SFGs display a single-core distribution. SFGs have a redder [4.6]–[12] colour than RL AGNs due to the significant contribution from the dust component of SFGs. We find simple criteria of mid-infrared (MIR) colour separation between RL AGNs and SFGs such that: 95 per cent of RL AGNs have [4.6]–[12] 〈 3.0 and 94 per cent of SFGs have [4.6]–[12] 〉 3.0. We also analyse the MIR colours of RL AGNs divided into low- and high-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs and HERGs, respectively). The ([3.4]–[4.6])–([4.6]–[12]) diagram clearly shows separate distributions of LERGs and HERGs and a region of overlap, which suggests that LERGs and HERGs have different MIR properties. LERGs are responsible for the double-core distribution of RL AGNs on the ([3.4]–[4.6])–([4.6]–[12]) diagram. In addition, we also suggest 90–140 μm band spectral index α(90, 140) 〈 –1.4 as a criterion of selecting nearby active galaxies with non-thermal emissions at far-infrared wavelengths.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Digitale ISSN: 1365-2966
    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-10-25
    Beschreibung: The manipulation of protein backbone structure to control interaction and function is a challenge for protein engineering. We integrated computational design with experimental selection for grafting the backbone and side chains of a two-segment HIV gp120 epitope, targeted by the cross-neutralizing antibody b12, onto an unrelated scaffold protein. The final scaffolds bound b12 with high specificity and with affinity similar to that of gp120, and crystallographic analysis of a scaffold bound to b12 revealed high structural mimicry of the gp120-b12 complex structure. The method can be generalized to design other functional proteins through backbone grafting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Azoitei, Mihai L -- Correia, Bruno E -- Ban, Yih-En Andrew -- Carrico, Chris -- Kalyuzhniy, Oleksandr -- Chen, Lei -- Schroeter, Alexandria -- Huang, Po-Ssu -- McLellan, Jason S -- Kwong, Peter D -- Baker, David -- Strong, Roland K -- Schief, William R -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 21;334(6054):373-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1209368.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algorithms ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/*chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Antibody Affinity ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, CD4/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Epitopes/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Mimicry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Engineering ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Surface Plasmon Resonance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-10-15
    Beschreibung: The HIV envelope (Env) protein gp120 is protected from antibody recognition by a dense glycan shield. However, several of the recently identified PGT broadly neutralizing antibodies appear to interact directly with the HIV glycan coat. Crystal structures of antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) PGT 127 and 128 with Man(9) at 1.65 and 1.29 angstrom resolution, respectively, and glycan binding data delineate a specific high mannose-binding site. Fab PGT 128 complexed with a fully glycosylated gp120 outer domain at 3.25 angstroms reveals that the antibody penetrates the glycan shield and recognizes two conserved glycans as well as a short beta-strand segment of the gp120 V3 loop, accounting for its high binding affinity and broad specificity. Furthermore, our data suggest that the high neutralization potency of PGT 127 and 128 immunoglobulin Gs may be mediated by cross-linking Env trimers on the viral surface.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280215/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280215/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pejchal, Robert -- Doores, Katie J -- Walker, Laura M -- Khayat, Reza -- Huang, Po-Ssu -- Wang, Sheng-Kai -- Stanfield, Robyn L -- Julien, Jean-Philippe -- Ramos, Alejandra -- Crispin, Max -- Depetris, Rafael -- Katpally, Umesh -- Marozsan, Andre -- Cupo, Albert -- Maloveste, Sebastien -- Liu, Yan -- McBride, Ryan -- Ito, Yukishige -- Sanders, Rogier W -- Ogohara, Cassandra -- Paulson, James C -- Feizi, Ten -- Scanlan, Christopher N -- Wong, Chi-Huey -- Moore, John P -- Olson, William C -- Ward, Andrew B -- Poignard, Pascal -- Schief, William R -- Burton, Dennis R -- Wilson, Ian A -- AI082362/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI33292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI74372/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI84817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI074372-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HFE-224662/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- P01 AI082362/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI082362-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI082362-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001209/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292-14/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR017573/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA128416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 25;334(6059):1097-103. doi: 10.1126/science.1213256. Epub 2011 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Neutralizing Antibody Center, nhe Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Antibody Specificity ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Cell Line ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disaccharides/chemistry/metabolism ; Epitopes ; Glycosylation ; HIV Antibodies/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; HIV-1/*immunology/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Mannose/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Mannosides/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Oligosaccharides/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/chemistry/*immunology/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-25
    Beschreibung: We describe a procedure for designing proteins with backbones produced by varying the parameters in the Crick coiled coil-generating equations. Combinatorial design calculations identify low-energy sequences for alternative helix supercoil arrangements, and the helices in the lowest-energy arrangements are connected by loop building. We design an antiparallel monomeric untwisted three-helix bundle with 80-residue helices, an antiparallel monomeric right-handed four-helix bundle, and a pentameric parallel left-handed five-helix bundle. The designed proteins are extremely stable (extrapolated DeltaGfold 〉 60 kilocalories per mole), and their crystal structures are close to those of the design models with nearly identical core packing between the helices. The approach enables the custom design of hyperstable proteins with fine-tuned geometries for a wide range of applications.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4612401/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4612401/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Po-Ssu -- Oberdorfer, Gustav -- Xu, Chunfu -- Pei, Xue Y -- Nannenga, Brent L -- Rogers, Joseph M -- DiMaio, Frank -- Gonen, Tamir -- Luisi, Ben -- Baker, David -- 076846/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 24;346(6208):481-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1257481.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50/3, 8010-Graz, Austria. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK. ; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. dabaker@u.washington.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25342806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Protein Denaturation ; Protein Engineering/*methods ; *Protein Structure, Secondary ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-03-30
    Beschreibung: Vaccine development to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV-1 is a global health priority. Potent VRC01-class bNAbs against the CD4 binding site of HIV gp120 have been isolated from HIV-1-infected individuals; however, such bNAbs have not been induced by vaccination. Wild-type gp120 proteins lack detectable affinity for predicted germline precursors of VRC01-class bNAbs, making them poor immunogens to prime a VRC01-class response. We employed computation-guided, in vitro screening to engineer a germline-targeting gp120 outer domain immunogen that binds to multiple VRC01-class bNAbs and germline precursors, and elucidated germline binding crystallographically. When multimerized on nanoparticles, this immunogen (eOD-GT6) activates germline and mature VRC01-class B cells. Thus, eOD-GT6 nanoparticles have promise as a vaccine prime. In principle, germline-targeting strategies could be applied to other epitopes and pathogens.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3689846/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3689846/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jardine, Joseph -- Julien, Jean-Philippe -- Menis, Sergey -- Ota, Takayuki -- Kalyuzhniy, Oleksandr -- McGuire, Andrew -- Sok, Devin -- Huang, Po-Ssu -- MacPherson, Skye -- Jones, Meaghan -- Nieusma, Travis -- Mathison, John -- Baker, David -- Ward, Andrew B -- Burton, Dennis R -- Stamatatos, Leonidas -- Nemazee, David -- Wilson, Ian A -- Schief, William R -- 5T32AI007606-10/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI081625/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI33292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI84817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI094419/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30 AI027767-24/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001209/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073148/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI081625/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI033292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA080416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32CA080416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- UM1 AI100663/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 May 10;340(6133):711-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1234150. Epub 2013 Mar 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AIDS Vaccines/chemistry/genetics/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antigens, CD4/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Germ Cells/*immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/chemistry/genetics/*immunology ; HIV Infections/*prevention & control ; HIV-1/*immunology ; Humans ; Macaca ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nanoparticles ; Protein Engineering ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-11-16
    Beschreibung: The partial differential governing equation governing fluid infiltration into an unsaturated transversely isotropic porous medium was developed by considering mass conservation, Darcy’s law, and the elastic deformability of the porous skeleton. Analytical solutions for two-dimensional coupled infiltration in an unsaturated porous medium of finite extent were obtained using a Fourier transform technique. The analytical formulation was used to examine the two-dimensional infiltration and evaporation problem for a transversely isotropic unsaturated porous medium. This study provides a comparison between the analytical solution and computational estimates for a two-dimensional coupled infiltration problem in a transversely isotropic deformable porous region where there is recharge at the surface. The results indicate that the pressure head changes occur most rapidly when the unsaturated porous medium is hydraulically isotropic.
    Digitale ISSN: 1539-1663
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-12-18
    Beschreibung: A central question in protein evolution is the extent to which naturally occurring proteins sample the space of folded structures accessible to the polypeptide chain. Repeat proteins composed of multiple tandem copies of a modular structure unit are widespread in nature and have critical roles in molecular recognition, signalling, and other essential biological processes. Naturally occurring repeat proteins have been re-engineered for molecular recognition and modular scaffolding applications. Here we use computational protein design to investigate the space of folded structures that can be generated by tandem repeating a simple helix-loop-helix-loop structural motif. Eighty-three designs with sequences unrelated to known repeat proteins were experimentally characterized. Of these, 53 are monomeric and stable at 95 degrees C, and 43 have solution X-ray scattering spectra consistent with the design models. Crystal structures of 15 designs spanning a broad range of curvatures are in close agreement with the design models with root mean square deviations ranging from 0.7 to 2.5 A. Our results show that existing repeat proteins occupy only a small fraction of the possible repeat protein sequence and structure space and that it is possible to design novel repeat proteins with precisely specified geometries, opening up a wide array of new possibilities for biomolecular engineering.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brunette, T J -- Parmeggiani, Fabio -- Huang, Po-Ssu -- Bhabha, Gira -- Ekiert, Damian C -- Tsutakawa, Susan E -- Hura, Greg L -- Tainer, John A -- Baker, David -- GM105404/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K99GM112982/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM105404/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 24;528(7583):580-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16162. Epub 2015 Dec 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. ; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, California 94158, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCSF, San Francisco, California 94158, USA. ; Molecular Biophysics &Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26675729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; *Bioengineering ; *Computer Simulation ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Models, Molecular ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Stability ; Proteins/*chemistry ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-23
    Beschreibung: Silicon on insulator (SOI)-based transistors gated by nanogranular SiO 2 proton conducting electrolytes were fabricated to mimic synapse behaviors. This SOI-based device has both top proton gate and bottom buried oxide gate. Electrical transfer properties of top proton gate show hysteresis curves different from those of bottom gate, and therefore, excitatory post-synaptic current and paired pulse facilitation (PPF) behavior of biological synapses are mimicked. Moreover, we noticed that PPF index can be effectively tuned by the spike interval applied on the top proton gate. Synaptic behaviors and functions, like short-term memory, and its properties are also experimentally demonstrated in our device. Such SOI-based electronic synapses are promising for building neuromorphic systems.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Digitale ISSN: 1077-3118
    Thema: Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-09-20
    Beschreibung: [1]  We have performed an analysis of case events and statistics of positive ionospheric storms in the dayside region of the equatorial ionization anomaly during recurrent geomagnetic storms (RGSs), which dominate in geomagnetic and ionospheric conditions on the declining phase of solar activity in 2004 to 2008. It is shown that total electron content (TEC) has a tendency to minimize before the beginning of RGSs and to peak 3 to 4 days after, i.e. on the RGS recovery phase produced by high-intensity long-duration continuous auroral activity. The maximum of TEC coincides with the maximum of solar wind velocity within high-speed solar wind streams. An analysis of electron content vertical profiles, derived from two independent methods using ionosondes and COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 radio occultation, showed that in the maximum of an ionospheric storm on 28 March 2008, the F2 layer thickens, NmF2 increases by ~50% and hmF2 elevates by a few tens of kilometers. The response of positive ionospheric storms to solar, heliospheric and geomagnetic drivers reveals a prominent longitudinal asymmetry. In the longitudinal range from –90° to 90°, the solar illumination plays a major role, and in the range from 90° to –120°, the influence of heliospheric and geomagnetic drivers becomes significant. The highest correlations of the TEC enhancements with the heliospheric and geomagnetic drivers were found during December - February period ( r increased from ~ 0.3 to ~0.5). We speculate that the dynamics controlling this might result from an effect of solar zenith angle, storm-time effects of thermospheric ΣO/N 2 enhancement, and penetrating electric fields of interplanetary and magnetospheric origin.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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