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  • 1
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    53BP1 promotes non-homologous end joining of telomeres by increasing chromatin mobility (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-22
    Description: Double-strand breaks activate the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, which promotes the accumulation of DNA damage factors in the chromatin surrounding the break. The functional significance of the resulting DNA damage foci is poorly understood. Here we show that 53BP1 (also known as TRP53BP1), a component of DNA damage foci, changes the dynamic behaviour of chromatin to promote DNA repair. We used conditional deletion of the shelterin component TRF2 (also known as TERF2) from mouse cells (TRF2(fl/-)) to deprotect telomeres, which, like double-strand breaks, activate the ATM kinase, accumulate 53BP1 and are processed by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Deletion of TRF2 from 53BP1-deficient cells established that NHEJ of dysfunctional telomeres is strongly dependent on the binding of 53BP1 to damaged chromosome ends. To address the mechanism by which 53BP1 promotes NHEJ, we used time-lapse microscopy to measure telomere dynamics before and after their deprotection. Imaging showed that deprotected telomeres are more mobile and sample larger territories within the nucleus. This change in chromatin dynamics was dependent on 53BP1 and ATM but did not require a functional NHEJ pathway. We propose that the binding of 53BP1 near DNA breaks changes the dynamic behaviour of the local chromatin, thereby facilitating NHEJ repair reactions that involve distant sites, including joining of dysfunctional telomeres and AID (also known as AICDA)-induced breaks in immunoglobulin class-switch recombination.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613650/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613650/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dimitrova, Nadya -- Chen, Yi-Chun M -- Spector, David L -- de Lange, Titia -- DP1 OD000379/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000379-04/OD/NIH HHS/ -- EY18244/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- GM049046/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM42694/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- OD000379/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM049046/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM049046-16/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):524-8. doi: 10.1038/nature07433. Epub 2008 Oct 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18931659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; *DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Movement ; Protein Binding ; Sequence Homology ; Signal Transduction ; Telomere/*genetics/*metabolism ; Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    An Approach for Analysis of Natural Hazard Impacts on Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-20
    Description: The activated sludge process is a advansed biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters by using different aerobic types of microorganisms (biomass). In recent years, the activated sludge processes are shown to be significantly negative affected by the natural hazards (the climate factors) as extreme temperatures, intensive rainfall, etc. An approach for analysis of natural hazard (climate change) impacts on wastewater treatment process with activated sludge is proposed. The approach is based on qualitative analysis of the input-output static characteristics of the activated sludge process, involving uncertainties in the inflow parameters of the aerobic bioreactor. The process model is described by the system from two nonlinear ordinary equations with interval coefficients. The impact levels of one natural hazard on the activated sludge process are defined as a deviation between the nominal and the affected input-output characteristics. T...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    As(III) removal from aqueous solutions using non-stoichiometric coprecipitation with iron(III) sulphate and filtration or flotation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 283-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90149-X
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ammonium-hydrogen exchange on two carboxylate resins
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 299 (1994), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Keywords: Carboxylates ; Ion exchange ; Resins
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003-2670(94)89001-3
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difference in excitability along geometrically inhomogeneous structures and occurrence of “hot spots” (1991)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 66 (1991), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The differences in excitability along geometrically inhomogeneous, electrically excitable structures as well as the possibility of occurrence of “hot spots” at certain branch points were theoretically analysed on the basis of the Hodgkin-Huxley model assuming uniform specific membrane parameters along the structure length. It was shown that the “hot spots” conditioned by geometrical inhomogeneities should be not only morphological but also functional formations. The excitability at the branch point could be higher than that at the rest of the structure when the branch point was an electrical equivalent of a step decrease in the cable diameter. The stronger the diameter decrease, the higher the excitability at the branch point and thus the higher is the possibility of observation of “hot spots” in the nerve cells whose dendrites have a profuse branching. The realization of the “hot spots”, however, depended on the distance from the site of the stimulus application (synapse) to the branch point and on the stimulus (synaptic current) strength, as well. The closer the synaptic current strength to the threshold value, and the shorter the synapse-branch point distance, the higher was the possibility of a propagating action potential origin at the branch point but not at the site of the stimulus application and thus the higher was the possibility of realization of “hot spots”. The conclusion that the geometrical position of the initial segment contributes to its higher excitability (as compared to the rest of the cell) in the case of orthodromic activation of the neuron was also made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00243294
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solving Linear Systems with Error Control: Minisymposium within the 4th International Conference NMA'98 (1999)
    Springer
    Reliable computing 5 (1999), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1340
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026449926367
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power spectra of extracellular potentials generated by an infinite, homogeneous excitable fibre (1990)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 28 (1990), S. 24-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Extracellular potential ; Intracellular action potential duration ; Mathematical model ; Power spectrum ; Propagation velocity ; Radial distance ; Single fibre
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The power spectra of the extracellular potentials (EPs) generated under activation of an infinite, homogeneous excitable fibre immersed into an infinite, resistive, isotropic and homogeneous volume conductor are theoretically analysed. The changes in the power spectrum related to the changes in the propagation velocity v, amplitudes Vm and duration Tin of the intracellular action potential (IAP) are analytically determined. It is found that in the ultra-low-frequency region the EP spectral power follows the course of alteration in the square of the modified Bessel function of the second kind and order zero multiplied by the fourth power of the frequency, and the Tin can be assessed by the deviation of the EP power spectrum from this function. It is shown why the sensitivity of the spectral characteristics depends substantially on the radial distance y0 from the activated fibre to the point of observation; why the total spectral amplitude depends directly on the IAP wavelength but the total spectral power depends on the IAP wavelength as well as on its duration and propagation velocity; and why the EPs are not proportional to the IAP second spatial derivative even in close proximity to the fibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441673
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power spectra of single infinite fibre extracellular potentials recorded by a bipolar electrode (1990)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 28 (1990), S. 537-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Bipolar recording ; Extracellular action potential ; Fibre-electrode distance ; Intracellular action potential duration ; Power spectrum ; Propagation velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The power spectra of bipolarly recorded extracellular action potentials (EAPs) generated by an infinite, homogeneous, excitable fibre in an infinite, resistive, isotropic and homogeneous volume conductor were theoretically analysed. The changes in the power spectrum of EAP, which occurred as a result of alterations in the propagation velocity v and duration Tin of the intracellular action potential IAP, were analytically determined for bipolar parallel and radial electrodes with a small interpole distance. It was found that the sensitivity of the spectral characteristics to alteration in v, Tin and/or the IAP asymmetry substantially depends on the fibre-electrode distance; information on the IAP fast changes, that seems to be lost in unipolar recording as a result of the filtering effect of the fibre-electrode distance, can be restored. The orientation of the recording electrode need not be taken into account when a qualitative analysis is carried out, but when a quantitative analysis has to be performed, then the electrode orientation has a significant influence. A method is suggested for determination of the fibres' orientation by means of the spectrum of EAPs recorded bipolarly. The selectivity of the bipolar electrodes is analysed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radial changes of extracellular potential amplitude and integral characteristics and the inverse problem in electroneurography (1992)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 30 (1992), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Activated fibres' territory ; Desynchronisation ; Extracellular potential amplitude ; Extracellular potential integral ; Fibre-electrode distance ; Fibre excitation parameters ; Inverse problem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of solving the inverse problem in electroneurography, i.e. of estimating the main parameters specifying the activated fibre's functional state, using the amplitude and integral characteristics of the surface potentials generated by infinite homogeneous fibres, has been analysed. An analytical expression has been found for the amplitude of the negative phase Anph of the single fibre extracellular action potential (SFEAP) as a function of the wavelength b, the fibre-electrode distance y and a scale factor Ao proportional to the intracellular action potential amplitude Vm, to the square of the fibre radius a and to the ratio of the axoplasm conductivity τa and volume conductor conductivity τe. For a large fibre-electrode distance, typical of surface recordings, an analytical expression of the integral of the negative phase Inph of the SFEAP as a function of Ao, b, y and the propagation velocity v was also found. Simple methods are proposed for estimating v, the location of the electrical centre of the activated fibres' territory and the product of the number of activated fibres N, duration Tin of the intracellular action, potential and of the factor Ao. The estimation errors due to the temporal and spatial dispersion of the activated fibres were analysed as a function of the fibre-electrode distance and the territory shape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446975
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of surface potential spectral characteristics for solving the inverse problem in electroneurography (1992)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 30 (1992), S. 399-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Activated fibres' territory ; Anisotropy ratio ; Desynchronisation ; Frequency-dependent volume conductor ; Inverse problem ; Power spectrum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The changes in the power spectra of single-fibre extracellular action potentials (SFEAPs) generated in an infinite anisotropic frequency-dependent volume conductor, which occurred as a result of alterations in the propagation velocity v and duration Tin of the intracellular action potential (IAP) were analytically determined. Effects of the temporal and spatial dispersions of almost synchronously activated fibres on the power spectrum of compound extracellular potentials (CEPs) were analysed for different shapes and sizes of the activated fibres' territory. It was found that, as a result of desynchronisation in the fibres' activation, dips existed in the CEP power spectra and that the frequencies of the dips depended on the degree of desynchronisation but did not depend on the velocity. It was shown that the hypothetical power spectrum of compound IAP was sensitive to the variations in the desynchronisation in the fibres' activation and in the risetime and duration of IAP even at a great fibre electrode distance typical for surface recordings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446167
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