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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The drainage pattern of Hansbreen and Werenskioldbreen, two polythermal glaciers in Svalbard (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 22 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: To improve our understanding of Svalbard-type polythermal glacier drainage, hydraulic geometry models of the subglacial hydrology of two contrasting glaciers in Svalbard have been constructed. The models are tested against a uniquely long and rich set of field observations spanning 45 years. Digital elevation models (DEMs) were constructed from bedrock data measured with ground penetrating radar and surface data of two medium-sized polythermal glaciers, Hansbreen and Werenskioldbreen, in south-west Spitsbergen. Hansbreen has a low angle bed with over-deepenings and a calving front, while Werenskioldbreen has steeper bed and terminates on land. Together they are representative of many Svalbard glaciers. The DEMs were used to derive maps of hydraulic potential and subglacial drainage networks. Validation of the models was done using field observations including location mapping and speleological exploration of active moulins, positions of main river outflows, dyetracing and water chemistry studies, and observations of water pressure inside moulins. Results suggest that the water pressure is generally close to ice overburden pressure but varies greatly depending on local conditions such as bed location, the thickness of cold ice layer, the thickness of the glacier and seasonal changes in meltwater input.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2003.tb00117.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural asymmetry and the stability of diverse food webs (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 442 (2006), S. 265-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Untangling the influence of human activities on food-web stability and persistence is complex given the large numbers of species and overwhelming number of interactions within ecosystems. Although biodiversity has been associated with stability, the actual structures and processes that confer ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04887
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paint (1951)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 43 (1951), S. 2251-2255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50502a024
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (1957)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 49 (1957), S. 411-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie51392a037
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resource compartmentation and the stability of real ecosystems (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 261-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A connectedness food-web description is a graphical rep-resentation of feeding relations and is constructed by directing vectors from prey to predators. Three variables used to character-ize and study the stability of connectedness webs are (1) number of species 5, (2) connectance C, and (3) ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333261a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of 0,0,0-propan-1,2,3-trithionobenzoate (3TBZ): Implication for thermally induced solid-state transformation of 3TBZ (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 21 (1991), S. 511-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of 0,0,0-propan-1,2,3-trithiobenzoate (3TBZ) has been determined by direct methods. Crystals are monoclinic,a=6.810(2),b=35.950(2),c=9.415(2) Å,β=94.78(2)°, space group P21/c,Z=4. The structure was refined using full-matrix least-squares toR=0.078,R w=0.064, 1957 reflections CuK α radiation, λ=1.5418 Å. The molecule has one relatively short S---C (methylene) intramolecular distance, S(2)---C(38)=3.440(4)Å, approximately 1.5 Å less than the shortest S---C distance observed in related crystal structures. An hypothesis related to this short contact is proposed in order to account for the unusual pyrolitic behavior of this compound in the solid state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01160668
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structures of two polymorphs of 4-methyl-2-nitroacetanilide (MNA) (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 13 (1983), S. 279-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of white (MNA-1) and yellow (MNA-3) forms of 4-methyl-2-nitroacetanilide have been determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystals of MNA-1 are monoclinic,a=10.421(2),b=9.980(2),c=9.568(2) Å,β=99.51(2)°, space groupP21/c,Z=4. Crystals of MNA-3 are triclinic,a=17.956(2),b=12.908(2),c=4.039(1) Å,α=93.13(2)°,β=83.71(2)°, γ=90.77(2)°, space groupP¯1,Z=4. Both structures were solved by direct methods using theShelx-76 system of programs, and refined using full-matrix least squares. The number of unique reflections used in refinement and the finalR values are: MNA-1, 1545, 0.067; MNA-3, 3127, 0.065. The two distinct molecules in MNA-3 have intramolecular hydrogen bonds and different molecular conformations, although both are fairly planar, and each type is closely packed in columns of parallel molecules along thec direction. In MNA-1 the C=O⋯H-N geometry is indicative of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and the molecules adopt a conformation in which the nitro and amide groups lie in planes at approximately 45° to the benzene ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01158908
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structures of O,O-propan-1,3-dithionobenzoate (2TBZ-A), O,O-2,2-dimethylpropan-1,3-dithionobenzoate (2TBZ-B), and O,O,O,O-pentaerythritoltetrathionobenzoate (4TBZ) (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 21 (1991), S. 601-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structures of three thionobenzoates have been determined: O,O-propan-1,3-dithionobenzoate (2TBZ-A) is tetragonal witha=13.086(2),c=19.048(2) Å, space groupI41/a,Z=8; O,O-2,2-dimethylpropan-1,3-dithionobenzoate (2TBZ-B) is monoclinic witha=13.851(5),b=12.428(3),c=10.996(4) Å,β=104.01(4)°, space groupP21/c,Z=4; and O,O,O,O-pentaerythritol-tetrathionobenzoate (4TBZ) is triclinic witha=15.423(4),b=10.924(3),c=10.698(2) Å,α=112.43(2),β=100.64(2), γ=104.57(2)°,Z=2, space groupP¯1. The structures were all solved by direct methods and refined by least squares toR=0.046 for 886 reflections (2TBZ-A),R=0.075 for 1458 reflections (2TBZ-B) andR=0.075 for 2975 reflections (4TBZ),I〉3σ(I) in each case, CuKα radiation, λ=1.5418 Å. The minimum S---CH2 intramolecular distances in these three structures are significantly larger than the minimum corresponding distance in O,O,O-propan-1,2,3-trithionobenzoate (3TBZ) (Moore and Palmer, 1990), thus providing a possible explanation of why 2TBZ-A, 2TBZ-B, and 4-TBZ are inert with respect to pyrolitic solid-state isomerization; whereas 3TBZ readily undergoes thermally induced rearrangement (Das, 1978; Hedgley, 1981).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01161083
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of an amber polymorph of 4-methyl-2-nitroacetanilide (MNA) (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 14 (1984), S. 283-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of a third polymorph of 4-methyl-2-nitroacetanilide has been determined by X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space groupP21/c,Z=4,a=10.158(2),b=11.635(2),c=8.041(2) Å andβ=94.55(2)°. Using 1027 unique reflections, the structure was solved by the method of vector verification and refined by full-matrix least squares, which gave convergence toR=0.080. The structure consists of nearly planar molecules, all approximately parallel to one another with their longitudinal axes parallel tob. The amide group forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the nitro group. Molecules related byc-glide are stacked alongc in a very distinct columnar form. The columns are held together by dipole-dipole interactions between close antiparallel carbonyl groups or between close antiparallel nitro groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01161165
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant community dynamics in a semi-arid ecosystem in relation to nutrient addition following a major disturbance (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 126 (1990), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: disturbance ; fertilizer ; nitrogen ; nutrient enrichment ; phosphorus ; secondary succession ; species richness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Effects of annual additions of mineral N and P (100 kg ha−1) on plant species composition and annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP) were investigated during the first three years following disturbance in a semi-arid ecosystem. Additions of N reduced richness of perennial plant species during years 2 and 3, while P reduced the number of perennial species only in year 3. From year 1 to year 2, annual and biennial species richness declined in all treatments while ANPP of annual species increased greatly. Added N increased ANPP of annual species while it decreased ANPP of most perennial species relative to the unfertilized control treatment. Community similarities were higher for the control and native vegetation than for other pairs of treatments using both species presence and plant production data. Nitrogen additions have retarded but not completely arrested secondary succession in this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041373
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