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  • 1
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    Botanische diversiteit in Nederland: de getallen (1995)
    Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum [etc.], Leiden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Keywords: biodiversiteit ; Nederland ; flora
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 2
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    De samenstelling van de Nederlandse flora gerelateerd aan de kans op uitsterven (verdwijnen) van plantesoorten in de 20ste eeuw (1995)
    Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum [etc.], Leiden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: Tussen 1840 en 1990 zijn 73 plantesoorten uit Nederland verdwenen (tabel 3); daarnaast zijn in de laatste 25 jaar 14 soorten teruggevonden die als verdwenen werden beschouwd (tabel 4). Het aantal verdwijnende soorten is vanaf 1920 min of meer constant in de tijd: ca. 20 soorten per 20 jaar. Ook recent is er geen toename van het aantal verdwenen soorten geconstateerd, dit ondanks de toename van de bedreiging van veel biotooptypen. De studie toont aan dat er een zeer duidelijk verband bestaat tussen het areaaltype van de soort en de kans op verdwijnen. Soorten met een voorpost-areaal en met een marginaal areaal hebben een veel grotere kans te verdwijnen dan soorten met een centraal of subcentraal areaal; het verdwijnen van zulke soorten is een natuurlijk proces.
    Keywords: biodiversiteit ; plantesoorten ; biotooptypen ; areaaltypen ; kans op verdwijnen
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 3
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    Boekbespreking 3: M.J.M. Hootsmans (red.), Van zeereep tot binnenduin. Flora, fauna en beheer in de Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen 1990\xe2\x80\x932000 (2003)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 29 no. 4, pp. 113-113
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    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 4
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    Effecten van klimaatsverandering op planten in Nederland (2003)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 29 no. 4, pp. 93-98
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: The Dutch databases FLORIVON en FlorBase are nation-wide databases which contain about 10 million records of occurrence of vascular plant species, collected in the 20th century on a scale of approximately 1 square km. In this study, these data are statistically analysed to find and identify relations between changes in botanical biodiversity and changes in climate and other environmental factors. Prior to the analysis, the data have been corrected for several major forms of survey bias. The records are grouped into three intervals covering the 20th century: 1902\xe2\x80\x931949, 1975\xe2\x80\x931984, and 1985\xe2\x80\x931999. For the intervals 1902\xe2\x80\x931949 and 1975\xe2\x80\x931984, we find small but significant increases in the presence of both \xe2\x80\x98warm\xe2\x80\x99 and \xe2\x80\x98cold\xe2\x80\x99 species. However, in the final decades of the 20th century we find a marked increase in \xe2\x80\x98warm\xe2\x80\x99 species only, coinciding with the marked increase in ambient temperature observed during this period. This is evidence for a rapid response of the Dutch flora to climatic change. Urbanisation is also examined as an alternative explanation for the increase in \xe2\x80\x98warm\xe2\x80\x99 plant species. It is found to explain only 50% of the increased presence of such species in the final decades of the 20th century. Besides temperature-related effects, the most important change during the 20th century was a strong decline in plant species of nutrient poor sites and a marked increase of plant species of nutrient rich sites.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 5
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    Haloragaceae (1972)
    In:  Flora Malesiana - Series 1, Spermatophyta vol. 7 no. 1, pp. 239-263
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: Perennial (rarely annual) herbs, or undershrubs, terrestrial or aquatic, sometimes stoloniferous ( Gunnera). Leaves opposite, spiral, or verticillate, in the terrestrial species nearly always simple, in the aquatic ones always partly pinnately divided, pinnately nerved or (in Gunnera) palmately nerved. Stipules 0, but the leaves often flanked by small, subulate and caducous enations. Flowers mostly in spike-like inflorescences, sometimes in a compound panicle, mostly solitary or (sometimes) in clusters of up to a dozen flowers in the axil of a bract or reduced leaf, \xe2\x99\x80 monoecious, dioecious or polygamous, perigynous, actinomorphous, mostly 4-merous, or 2-, or (not in Mal.) 3-merous. Sepals 4 or 2, rarely (not in Mal.) 3, in \xe2\x99\x80 flowers sometimes much reduced to 0, free or little connate, mostly persistent. Petals alternisepalous, 4, 2 or 0, rarely 3 (not in Mal.), free, in \xe2\x99\x80 flowers absent or strongly reduced, often soon caducous, mostly more or less unguiculate and cochleariform, longer than the sepals. Stamens as many as sepals and then epi- or alternisepalous, or twice as many, 8, 4 or 2, rarely (not in Mal.) 3 fertile and 3 sterile, or 1, in \xe2\x99\x80 flowers completely reduced; filaments mostly filiform, long and very thin, rarely (not in Mal.) short and thick; anthers 2-celled, basifixed, latrorse, mostly oblong to linear, rarely \xc2\xb1 elliptic. Disk 0. Ovary 1- or 4-, rarely 2- or (not in Mal.) 3-celled, in the \xe2\x99\x82 flowers 0 or reduced; style alternisepalous, free, mostly short, grading into the globose or subulate stigmas which spread in fruit, the stigmatic, more-celled papillae hair-like elongating towards the end of the anthesis (except in Gunnera). Ovules as many as styles, or (in Gunnera) single, apical, pendulous, anatropous and apotropous. Fruit nut-like or (in Gunnera) a drupe, variously sculptured, indehiscent 1-seeded or breaking up into 4(-2) 1- seeded mericarps. Seed with a thin testa; embryo cylindrical, surrounded by a thick, white, oily albumen, or (in Gunnera) obcordate and in top of a very copious and oily albumen.\nDistribution. Genera 7, with c. 150 spp., nearly all over the world, but rather rare in the tropics.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 6
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    A new Xanthophyllum (Polygalaceae) from Borneo (1970)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 18 no. 2, pp. 392-392
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: In his paper on the peat swamp forests of Sarawak and Brunei (Gard. Bull. 20, 1963, 152) Dr. J. A. R. Anderson made notice of a distinctive Xanthophyllum species which he was not able to identify. In 1968, Mr. F. S. P. Ng, revising the genus for the Manual of Malayan Timber Trees, recognized it as a new species, but did not describe it. Working now on a monograph of the genus, and having examined all collections Dr. Anderson kindly sent on loan to me, I am able to describe it here as a new species.\nI am much indebted to Dr. H. Sleumer for rendering the diagnosis in Latin.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    Digitale ontsluiting van historische floristische streeplijsten van de provincie Drenthe (2003)
    In:  Gorteria: tijdschrift voor de floristiek, de plantenoecologie en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland vol. 29 no. 6, pp. 157-169
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    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    Biosystematic notes on Atriplex patula L., A. hastata L., and A. littoralis L. (Chenopodiaceae) (1970)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 18 no. 1, pp. 53-63
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: In about 10\xe2\x80\x9415 % of the cases a sharp distinction between Atriplex hastata L., patula L., littoralis L., and glabriuscula Edm. is not possible, both in the field and in the herbarium. In order to establish the status of the \xe2\x80\x98intermediates\xe2\x80\x99 a karyological examination was undertaken of 95 samples collected in the Netherlands including both typical specimens and intermediates. It appeared that the specimens clearly representing A. hastata, littoralis, or glabriuscula are diploid (n = 9), but those representing A. patula tetraploid (n = 18). The \xe2\x80\x98intermediates\xe2\x80\x99 between A. hastata and patula are either diploid or tetraploid. Hence a sharp distinction between the latter two taxa is only possible on the chromosome number. A similar result was found for the \xe2\x80\x98intermediates\xe2\x80\x99 between A. patula and littoralis. It depends on the specific concept one adheres to whether these four taxa should be ranked as species; European botanists usually give them specific rank, their American colleagues infraspecific rank. Autogamy seems to be the rule in these species. This as well as the chromosome numbers found rule out the possibility of hybridization as an explanation for the occurrence of intermediates. I have strong doubts as to the artificial hybrids reported in literature because of the technical difficulties involved and apparently not solved. Special attention has been paid to possible characters to be derived from the leaves, the phyllotaxis, and the bracts. The variation in the leaves of the four species examined is overlapping. The same holds true for the phyllotaxis and the ripe fruits and fruiting bracteoles. An account is given of some abnormalities which have been found during the chromosome countings. An attempt was made to correlate morphological characters of the leaf, especially the leaf-base and leaf-index, and the chromosomes in A. hastata and patula. The results presented in the scatter diagrams show that, though on the whole there is a marked correlation between leafshape and chromosome number, no sharp distinction can be made. Finally a provisional key is given.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 9
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    An annotated key to the South-East Asiatic, Malesian, Mascarene, and African species of Myriophyllum (Haloragaceae) (1969)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 17 no. 2, pp. 303-311
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: The area of distribution of most Myriophyllum species is insufficiently known. In this paper, many new localities are recorded for 16 species from SE. Asia, Malesia, Madagascar, and Africa, and a key is added. One species from New Guinea, M. coronatum, is described as new (fig. I). Of the other species the synonymy is complete, but no descriptions are given; of each the distribution and ecology is cited, and if necessary critical remarks are added.\nUnder the new species the second remark deals with the possible desirability of distinguishing subgenera or sections within the genus. It is concluded that, as the species show a reticulate affinity by parallelism, especially as regards reductions in both vegetative and sexual organs, the usefulness of distinguishing infrageneric taxa is debatable and not advisable.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    Botanical Files on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa). On the chance for gene flow between wild and cultivated Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. including L. serriola L., Compositae) and the generalized implications for risk-assessments on genetically modified plants (1994)
    In:  Gorteria. Supplement vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 1-44
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    Publication Date: 2024-02-08
    Description: In Botanical Files, a study of the real chances for gene flow from cultivated plants to the wild a system of dispersal codes (Dpdf) was introduced (see text box Dpdf).\xc2\xb37 They are indications of already occurring gene flow from cultivated plants to the wild flora, as can be deduced from herbarium collections and florisdc archives. These codes apply to the Netherlands only.\nOne of the crops of which the real chances for gene flow could not be determined, because of uncertainties regarding the relationship between the cultivated plant and its wild relatives, is Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Its relationship with the wild L. serriola L. is accepted to be very close, but the species are considered to be distinguishable. In a field trial, using 350 specimens from 67 genetically different populations, the distinction between the two species proved to depend largely on character states usually connected to domestication, like absence or presence of prickles, retention of achenes, leaf texture and colour.\nThe consequences are that both wild and cultivated lettuce must be considered to belong to the same species. The finding of some \xe2\x80\x98domesticated\xe2\x80\x99 character states in \xe2\x80\x98wild\xe2\x80\x99 lettuces indicates an already ongoing gene flow between cultivated lettuce and the wild flora, and the Dp(jf-code is adapted accordingly, indicating a substantial chance for gene flow from cultivated lettuce to its wild relative in the Netherlands.\nIf the scope of Dispersal codes as in Botanical Files is extended to Europe, European Dpdf-codes are needed. In this report a model is proposed using a plant geographical division of Europe into six vegetational regions. For each species six Dpdf-codes, summarizing the chances for gene flow to each of the regions, should be developed. For the major part of the species this can be done using the information already present in national herbarium collections.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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