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  • 1
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-07-29
    Description: Author(s): E. D. Cantero, C. C. Montanari, M. Behar, R. C. Fadanelli, G. H. Lantschner, J. E. Miraglia, and N. R. Arista We present a combined experimental-theoretical study of the energy loss of C and O ions in Zn in the energy range 50–1000 keV/amu. This contribution has a double purpose, experimental and theoretical. On the experimental side, we present stopping power measurements that fill a gap in the literature ... [Phys. Rev. A 84, 014902] Published Thu Jul 28, 2011
    Keywords: Photon, electron, atom, and molecule interactions with solids and surfaces
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-15
    Description: Nature Reviews Microbiology 12, 289 (2014). doi:10.1038/nrmicro3230 Authors: Cláudio Nunes-Alves, Matthew G. Booty, Stephen M. Carpenter, Pushpa Jayaraman, Alissa C. Rothchild & Samuel M. Behar Clinical trials of vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis are well under way and results are starting to come in. Some of these results are not so encouraging, as exemplified by the latest Aeras-422 and MVA85A trials. Other than empirically determining whether a vaccine reduces the
    Print ISSN: 1740-1526
    Electronic ISSN: 1740-1534
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-06-10
    Description: Contemporary Jews comprise an aggregate of ethno-religious communities whose worldwide members identify with each other through various shared religious, historical and cultural traditions. Historical evidence suggests common origins in the Middle East, followed by migrations leading to the establishment of communities of Jews in Europe, Africa and Asia, in what is termed the Jewish Diaspora. This complex demographic history imposes special challenges in attempting to address the genetic structure of the Jewish people. Although many genetic studies have shed light on Jewish origins and on diseases prevalent among Jewish communities, including studies focusing on uniparentally and biparentally inherited markers, genome-wide patterns of variation across the vast geographic span of Jewish Diaspora communities and their respective neighbours have yet to be addressed. Here we use high-density bead arrays to genotype individuals from 14 Jewish Diaspora communities and compare these patterns of genome-wide diversity with those from 69 Old World non-Jewish populations, of which 25 have not previously been reported. These samples were carefully chosen to provide comprehensive comparisons between Jewish and non-Jewish populations in the Diaspora, as well as with non-Jewish populations from the Middle East and north Africa. Principal component and structure-like analyses identify previously unrecognized genetic substructure within the Middle East. Most Jewish samples form a remarkably tight subcluster that overlies Druze and Cypriot samples but not samples from other Levantine populations or paired Diaspora host populations. In contrast, Ethiopian Jews (Beta Israel) and Indian Jews (Bene Israel and Cochini) cluster with neighbouring autochthonous populations in Ethiopia and western India, respectively, despite a clear paternal link between the Bene Israel and the Levant. These results cast light on the variegated genetic architecture of the Middle East, and trace the origins of most Jewish Diaspora communities to the Levant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behar, Doron M -- Yunusbayev, Bayazit -- Metspalu, Mait -- Metspalu, Ene -- Rosset, Saharon -- Parik, Juri -- Rootsi, Siiri -- Chaubey, Gyaneshwer -- Kutuev, Ildus -- Yudkovsky, Guennady -- Khusnutdinova, Elza K -- Balanovsky, Oleg -- Semino, Ornella -- Pereira, Luisa -- Comas, David -- Gurwitz, David -- Bonne-Tamir, Batsheva -- Parfitt, Tudor -- Hammer, Michael F -- Skorecki, Karl -- Villems, Richard -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 8;466(7303):238-42. doi: 10.1038/nature09103. Epub 2010 Jun 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31096, Israel. behardm@usernet.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20531471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Northern/ethnology ; Alleles ; Asia ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Ethiopia/ethnology ; Europe ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genotype ; Geography ; Humans ; India/ethnology ; Jews/classification/*genetics ; Middle East/ethnology ; Phylogeny ; Principal Component Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-08-23
    Description: Currently, the only widely available metabolic imaging technique in the clinic is positron emission tomography (PET) detection of the radioactive glucose analog 2- 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose ( 18 FDG). However, 18 FDG-PET does not inform on metabolism downstream of glucose uptake and often provides ambiguous results in organs with intrinsic high glucose uptake, such as the brain. Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a novel, noninvasive approach that combines deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging with oral intake or intravenous infusion of nonradioactive 2 H-labeled substrates to generate three-dimensional metabolic maps. DMI can reveal glucose metabolism beyond mere uptake and can be used with other 2 H-labeled substrates as well. We demonstrate DMI by mapping metabolism in the brain and liver of animal models and human subjects using [6,6'- 2 H 2 ]glucose or [ 2 H 3 ]acetate. In a rat glioma model, DMI revealed pronounced metabolic differences between normal brain and tumor tissue, with high-contrast metabolic maps depicting the Warburg effect. We observed similar metabolic patterns and image contrast in two patients with a high-grade brain tumor after oral intake of 2 H-labeled glucose. Further, DMI used in rat and human livers showed [6,6'- 2 H 2 ]glucose stored as labeled glycogen. DMI is a versatile, robust, and easy-to-implement technique that requires minimal modifications to existing clinical magnetic resonance imaging scanners. DMI has great potential to become a widespread method for metabolic imaging in both (pre)clinical research and the clinic.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: A switchlike response in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity implies the existence of a threshold in the NF-kappaB signaling module. We show that the CARD-containing MAGUK protein 1 (CARMA1, also called CARD11)-TAK1 (MAP3K7)-inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB) kinase-beta (IKKbeta) module is a switch mechanism for NF-kappaB activation in B cell receptor (BCR) signaling. Experimental and mathematical modeling analyses showed that IKK activity is regulated by positive feedback from IKKbeta to TAK1, generating a steep dose response to BCR stimulation. Mutation of the scaffolding protein CARMA1 at serine-578, an IKKbeta target, abrogated not only late TAK1 activity, but also the switchlike activation of NF-kappaB in single cells, suggesting that phosphorylation of this residue accounts for the feedback.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shinohara, Hisaaki -- Behar, Marcelo -- Inoue, Kentaro -- Hiroshima, Michio -- Yasuda, Tomoharu -- Nagashima, Takeshi -- Kimura, Shuhei -- Sanjo, Hideki -- Maeda, Shiori -- Yumoto, Noriko -- Ki, Sewon -- Akira, Shizuo -- Sako, Yasushi -- Hoffmann, Alexander -- Kurosaki, Tomohiro -- Okada-Hatakeyama, Mariko -- 5R01CA141722/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):760-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1250020.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ; Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QC Bio) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA. ; Laboratory for Cell Signaling Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan. Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan. ; Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ; Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University 4-101, Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan. ; Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ; Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan. ; Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (QC Bio) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp. ; Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp. ; Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. ahoffmann@ucla.edu kurosaki@rcai.riken.jp marikoh@rcai.riken.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chickens ; Feedback, Physiological ; Guanylate Cyclase/genetics/*metabolism ; I-kappa B Kinase/*metabolism ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; NF-kappa B/*agonists ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics/*metabolism ; Serine/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-07-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behar, Samuel M -- Sassetti, Christopher M -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jul 3;511(7507):39-40. doi: 10.1038/nature13512. Epub 2014 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA. ; 1] Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA. [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24990740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Humans ; *Immunotherapy ; Interferon Type I/*immunology ; Interleukin-1/*immunology ; Male ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*immunology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*immunology/*therapy
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behar, Samuel M -- Baehrecke, Eric H -- R01 AI098637/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 24;528(7583):482-3. doi: 10.1038/nature16324. Epub 2015 Dec 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, and Eric H. Baehrecke is in the Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*metabolism ; *Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Neutrophils/*immunology ; Tuberculosis/*immunology/*pathology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1996-07-19
    Description: CD1 proteins have been implicated as antigen-presenting molecules for T cell-mediated immune responses, but their intracellular localization and trafficking remain uncharacterized. CD1b, a member of this family that presents microbial lipid antigens of exogenous origin, was found to localize to endocytic compartments that included the same specialized subset of endosomes in which major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are proposed to bind endocytosed antigens. Unlike MHC class II molecules, which traffic to antigen-loading endosomal compartments [MHC class II compartments (MIICs)] primarily as a consequence of their association with the invariant chain, localization of CD1b to these compartments was dependent on a tyrosine-based motif in its own cytoplasmic tail.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sugita, M -- Jackman, R M -- van Donselaar, E -- Behar, S M -- Rogers, R A -- Peters, P J -- Brenner, M B -- Porcelli, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 19;273(5273):349-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8662520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD1/analysis/chemistry/*metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes ; Base Sequence ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/immunology ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/immunology ; Endocytosis ; Endosomes/*immunology/ultrastructure ; HLA-D Antigens/analysis ; HeLa Cells ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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