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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A partir de cinco cruceros de investigación realizados en el periodo 2008 – 2010, en dos bahías semicerradas (Buena Vista y San Juan de los Remedios), de la región norcentral de Cuba, se analizó la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la turbidez del agua y su relación con la temperatura, salinidad, concentración y saturación de oxígeno disuelto, pH, transparencia, color, sólidos suspendidos y totales, demanda química de oxigeno (DQO) y la intensidad del viento in situ. Se evaluó la calidad de las aguas por el índice del estado trófico, y de la comparación y relación transparencia vs. turbidez se obtuvieron intervalos de turbidez (FTU) que se utilizaron como indicador de la calidad de los cuerpos de aguas estudiados. La turbidez presentó relación estadística (positiva) significativa (α〈0,05) con el color del agua, los sólidos totales y la DQO, e inversa con la transparencia, el pH, y la concentración y saturación de oxígeno disuelto. En la distribución horizontal, los máximos de turbidez se localizaron en aguas cercanas a la costa coincidiendo con zonas contaminadas por materia orgánica, que según el índice del estado trófico clasificaron como mesotróficas o eutróficas. Según los intervalos de turbidez determinados en función de la transparencia, se identificó como calidad BUENA los valores menores que 5 FTU y MALA a partir de 8 FTU. Con intensidades de vientos superiores a 14 km h-1 se incrementó la turbidez a concentraciones mayores que 8 FTU, lo que limitó la visibilidad de los fondos en la región.
    Description: It was analyzed the space-time variations of turbidity and their relation with temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen concentration and saturation, pH, water transparency and color, suspended and total solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the in situ intensity of the wind in two semi-enclosed bays (Buena Vista and San Juan de los Remedios) located in the north-central region of Cuba. Measurements were taken during five cruises in different seasons of the year between 2008 and 2010. Water quality was determined by the trophic state index. Intervals of turbidity (FTU) were obtained from the relation transparency vs. turbidity, which were used as indicators of water quality in the studied water bodies. Turbidity showed a significant (α〈0,05) and direct statistic relation with water color, total solids and COD; and an inverse relation with transparency, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration. Areas of higher turbidity values coincided with near-shore zones contaminated by organic matter that classified as mesotrophic and eutrophic, according to the trophic state index. Consistent with the intervals of turbidity determined in relation to transparency, used for evaluating water quality in marine zones of fishery use in the north-central region, it was identified as GOOD the quality values lower than 5 FTU, and as BAD quality values higher than 8 FTU. With wind intensities stronger than 14 km h-1 blowing from the first quadrant, turbidity increases up to values higher than 8 FTU, limiting the visibility in the bottoms of this region.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: turbidez, ; calidad, ; bahías semicerradas, ; región norcentral,
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 24-35
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The Gulf of Batabanó (GB), is the region of the Cuban marine platform of greater extension and fishing importance. Habitat effects of marine species have been reported as a consequence of natural and anthropic factors. The objective was to determine significant spatio-temporal variations in the hydrology of GB in different periods and environmental situations. For this, the variability of rainfall and air temperature was analyzed in 1975-1995 and 1996-2015 periods of low and high cyclonic activity, the thermohaline characteristics of the GB before (1959-1970) and after (2006-2016) the river damming, and the effect of two hurricanes almost simultaneous in 2008 (“Gustav” and “Ike”). Significant differences in the interannual variability of meteorological parameters between the north and south of the GB corresponded to local characteristics, and changes occurred in the distribution of the months of maximum rainfall. The perennial impact of the damming, coupled with temporary precipitation deficits in spring, summer and winter, caused thermohaline increases in 2006-2016, with an increase of 0.7 °C in water temperature and 2.3 in average salinity of the GB, with respect to 1959-1970. Salinity showed an increase in the distribution of hypersaline values, and an average 〉 36 in months of high rainfall, with a general average of 35.4 in 1959 -1970 and 37.7 in 2006-2016, this suggests that damming has been a major factor in the increase in salinity. The thermohaline impact in the GB of two hurricanes in 2008 was restored in the short term, with greater inertia in turbidity.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Southwestern platform ; Space-time variation ; Hydrometeorology ; Plataforma suroccidental ; Variación espacio-temporal ; Hidrometeorología
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 308-318
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Las fluctuaciones de las capturas de esponja en Cuba evidencian disminuciones que obligan a mantener un enfoque precautorio y velar por el estricto cumplimiento de las medidas regulatorias. Fueron objetivos de este trabajo determinar las principales variaciones de la abundancia, talla y calidad de esponjas comerciales en el golfo de Batabanó duran- te el período 2015-2019 y proponer medidas de manejo que favorezcan la sostenibilidad del recurso. La densidad se estimó en transectos de 2x100 m (200 m2). El potencial pescable, expresado en toneladas métricas, fue calculado a partir de la densidad promedio de individuos. La cuota de captura se calculó en base al 15 % del potencial pescable. Las especies más representadas fueron Spongia obscura y S. barbara. Las densidades encontradas (entre 0.01 y 0.03 ind/m2) fueron bajas, pero se corresponden con las reportadas a finales de la pasada década, lo que corrobora la estabilización de las capturas (cuota anual promedio de 18.7 TM) y evidencia la efectividad de las actuales medidas de manejo. Sin embargo, la densidad y talla muestran tendencia a la disminución entre 2015 y 2019. Esto, unido a la disminución de la abundancia de Hippospongia lachne, a la presencia de esponjas muertas (total o par- cialmente) y a mala calidad de varios ejemplares, sugiere el deterioro del stock pesquero. Basado además en las afectaciones del hábitat re- portadas para esta región, se recomienda disminuir la cuota anual al 10 % del potencial pescable, no extraer ejemplares menores a 15 cm de diámetro mayor e implementar nuevamente el cultivo.
    Description: Commercial sponge catches in Cuba show decreases that require maintaining a precautionary approach and ensuring strict compliance with regulatory measures. This study aims to determine variations in abundance, size and quality of commercial sponges in the Gulf of Batabanó, during the 2015-2019 period, and to propose fishing management measures that favor this resource sustainability. Sponges den- sity was estimated in 2x100 m (200 m2) tran- sects. The fishing potential, expressed in metric tons, was calculated from the average density of individuals. The catch quota was calcula- ted based on 15 % of the fishing potential. The most represented species were Spongia obscura and S. barbara. The densities found (between 0.01 and 0.03 ind/m2) were low, but correspond to those reported at the end of the last decade, which corroborates the stabilization of catches (average annual quota of 18.7 metric tons) and demonstrates the effectiveness of the current fishing management. However, the density and size show a tendency to decrease between 2015 and 2019. This, together with the decrease in the abundance of Hippospongia lachne, the pre- sence of totally or partially dead sponges and the poor quality of some specimens, suggests the deterioration of the fishing stock. Based on the habitat affectations reported for this region, it is recommended to reduce the annual quota to 10 % of the fishing potential, not to extract specimens smaller than 15 cm in diameter and to implement sponge aquaculture again
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Spongia ; Manejo pesquero ; Pesquerías ; Sostenible ; Batabanó ; Spongia ; Fishing management ; Fisheries ; Sustainable ; Batabano
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.72-85
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-03-15
    Description: The meso-predator Panulirus argus has an impact on the populations of benthic mollusks that constitute its food. In the present study, composition of P. argus diet and predation pressure exerted on gastropods population from Santa Cruz del Sur (SCrso) and Gulf of Batabanó (GB) fishing regions, Cuba, were determined. Gastropod density and diversity were quantified by trawling, which based on the abundance of lobsters reported for each region, served to estimate the impact of predation on gastropod community. 250 lobsters were captured: 62 from SCrso in October 2012, 136 from GB in February 2014 and 52 from GB in July 2018. The void was similar in SCrso (38.7%) and GB (38.0%). Thirteen trophic categories were recorded, the most frequent: operculums (48.8%), crustacean remains (48.0%), shell remains (47.2%) and plant remains (35.0%), showing that the diet is mainly composed of mollusks and crustaceans. The frequency of occurrence of plant remains suggests nonaccidental consumption. Seventeen species of mollusks were identified, being Tegula fasciata, Phrontis antillarum, Aliger gigas, Turbo castanea and Chione cancellata the most frequent. The most predated species were T. fasciata (3.36), P. antillarum (0.54) and A. gigas (0.45). Predation pressure was 0.92 gastropods lobster-1 in SCrso and 3.31 gastropods lobster-1 in GB, which according to the respective densities of lobsters (3,546 lobsters km-2 and 3,837 lobsters km-2) and gastropods (3.76 ind. m-2 and 1.45 ind. m-2), allowed estimating that lobsters consume 0.087% of the gastropod community in SCrso and 0.887% in GB. Evidence of cannibalism was also found.
    Description: La langosta espinosa Panulirus argus es un mesodepredador que tiene un impacto en las poblaciones de moluscos bentónicos que constituyen su alimento. En el presente estudio, se determinó la composición de la dieta de P. argus y la presión de depredación que ejerce sobre los gastrópodos de las regiones pesqueras Santa Cruz del Sur (SCrso) y golfo de Batabanó (GB), Cuba. Mediante arrastres se cuantificó la densidad y diversidad de gastrópodos, que, basado en la abundancia de langostas, sirvió para estimar el impacto de la depredación. Se capturaron 250 langostas: 62 en SCrso octubre 2012, 136 en el GB febrero 2014 y 52 en el GB julio 2018. La vacuidad fue similar en SCrso (38,7%) y en el GB (38,0%). Se registraron 13 categorías tróficas, las más frecuentes: opérculos (48,8%) y restos de crustáceos (48,0%), de conchas (47,2%) y vegetales (35,0%), demostrando que la dieta se compone principalmente de moluscos y crustáceos. La frecuencia de ocurrencia de vegetales sugiere consumo no accidental. Se identificaron 17 especies de moluscos, siendo Tegula fasciata, Phrontis antillarum, Aliger gigas, Turbo castanea y Chione cancellata las más frecuentes. La mayor tasa de depredación fue sobre las especies T. fasciata (3,36), P. antillarum (0,54) y A. gigas (0,45). La presión de depredación fue 0,92 gastrópodos langosta-1 en SCrso y 3,31 gastrópodos langosta-1 en el GB, lo que según las respectivas densidades de langostas (3.546 langostas km-2 y 3.837 langostas km-2) y gastrópodos (3,76 ind. m-2 y 1,45 ind. m-2), demostró que P. argus consume 0,087% de los gastrópodos en SCrso y 0,887% en el GB. Se encontraron además evidencias de canibalismo.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Lobster ; Decapods ; Natural diet ; Feeding ; Mollusks ; Trophic spectrum ; Langosta ; Decápodos ; Dieta natural ; Alimentación ; Moluscos ; Espectro trófico
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.34-44
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-11
    Description: El desconocimiento de los procesos reproductivos y la talla de madurez sexual de las esponjas comerciales de baño (familia Spongiidae) en Cuba constituye, actualmente, una limitante para el adecuado manejo de la pesquería de estas especies. El objetivo de esta revisión fue compilar la información existente sobre reproducción de esponjas comerciales, experiencias de repoblación basados en sistemas de cultivo, y el establecimiento de tallas mínimas de captura. La información acumulada posibilitó identificar vacíos en el conocimiento regional, inferir tallas límite para regular la actividad extractiva en Cuba y elaborar una propuesta de medidas coyunturales que minimicen el riesgo del colapso en la pesquería cubana de esponjas. Se comprobó que urge la realización de estudios histológicos, citológicos y de supervivencia larval en las especies cubanas. Además, se corroboró que una talla mínima legal de 15 cm de diámetro mayor se corresponde con los estándares internacionales actualmente establecidos para esponjas comerciales de otras regiones y, por tanto, contribuiría a mejorar el rendimiento pesquero sin mayores afectaciones al potencial reproductivo de las poblaciones en explotación. Sin embargo, la extracción de esponjas menores (a 15 cm de diámetro mayor) podría hacer colapsar la población por generar fallas en el reclutamiento y afectaciones desconocidas en los procesos reproductivos poblacionales. La implementación definitiva del cultivo de esponjas a escala nacional es la solución más plausible y biológicamente aceptable para la obtención de las esponjas de pequeña talla, que satisfacen de mejor manera las actuales demandas del mercado internacional.
    Description: The lack of knowledge about the reproductive processes and the size of sexual maturity of commercial bath sponges (Family Spongiidae) in Cuba, currently constitutes a limitation to develop adequate management and conservation plans in the fishery of these species. This review aimed to summarize the existing information on the reproduction of commercial sponges, repopulation experiences based on farming systems, and the establishment of minimum capture sizes. These data helped to identify the main gaps in regional knowledge, to infer size limit to regulate extractive activity in Cuba, and to prepare conjunctural measures that minimize the risk of collapse in the Cuban sponge’s fishery. It was concluded that it is urgent the need of histological, cytological, and larval survival studies in Cuban species. In addition, it was confirmed that a legal minimum size of 15 cm in largest diameter corresponds to the international standards currently established for commercial sponges from other regions and, therefore, would contribute to improving fishing yield without further affecting the reproductive potential of populations in exploitation. However, the extraction of smaller individuals (with a largest diameter of 15 cm or smaller) could cause the population to collapse due to recruitment failures and unknown effects on population reproductive processes. The definitive implementation of sponge culture on a national scale is the most plausible and biologically acceptable solution for obtaining small-sized sponges, which better satisfy the current demands of the international market.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Pesca responsable ; Manejo pesquero ; Cultivo de esponjas ; Aspectos reproductivos ; Pesquería de poríferos ; Sustainable fishing ; Fisheries management ; Sponges farming ; Reproductive aspects ; Porifera fishery
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 66-84pp.
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