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  • 1
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    Enhanced seasonal CO_2 exchange caused by amplified plant productivity in northern ecosystems, link to model results (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Forkel, Matthias; Carvalhais, Nuno; Rödenbeck, Christian; Keeling, Ralph F; Heimann, Martin; Thonicke, Kirsten; Zaehle, Sönke; Reichstein, Markus (2016): Enhanced seasonal CO_2 exchange caused by amplified plant productivity in northern ecosystems. Science, 6274, 696-699, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4971
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Atmospheric monitoring of high northern latitudes (〉 40°N) has shown an enhanced seasonal cycle of carbon dioxide (CO2) since the 1960s but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The much stronger increase in high latitudes compared to low ones suggests that northern ecosystems are experiencing large changes in vegetation and carbon cycle dynamics. Here we show that the latitudinal gradient of the increasing CO2 amplitude is mainly driven by positive trends in photosynthetic carbon uptake caused by recent climate change and mediated by changing vegetation cover in northern ecosystems. Our results emphasize the importance of climate-vegetation-carbon cycle feedbacks at high latitudes, and indicate that during the last decades photosynthetic carbon uptake has reacted much more strongly to warming than carbon release processes.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 1.7 GBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) V3 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bakker, Dorothee C E; Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S; Metzl, Nicolas; O'Brien, Kevin M; Olsen, Are; Smith, Karl; Cosca, Catherine E; Harasawa, Sumiko; Jones, Steve D; Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Schuster, Ute; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sweeney, Colm; Takahashi, Taro; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wada, Chisato; Wanninkhof, Rik; Alin, Simone R; Balestrini, Carlos F; Barbero, Leticia; Bates, Nicolas R; Bianchi, Alejandro A; Bonou, Frédéric Kpédonou; Boutin, Jacqueline; Bozec, Yann; Burger, Eugene; Cai, Wei-Jun; Castle, Robert D; Chen, Liqi; Chierici, Melissa; Currie, Kim I; Evans, Wiley; Featherstone, Charles; Feely, Richard A; Fransson, Agneta; Goyet, Catherine; Greenwood, Naomi; Gregor, Luke; Hankin, Steven; Hardman-Mountford, Nicolas J; Harlay, Jérôme; Hauck, Judith; Hoppema, Mario; Humphreys, Matthew P; Hunt, Christopher W; Huss, Betty; Ibánhez, J Severino P; Johannessen, Truls; Keeling, Ralph F; Kitidis, Vassilis; Körtzinger, Arne; Kozyr, Alexander; Krasakopoulou, Evangelia; Kuwata, Akira; Landschützer, Peter; Lauvset, Siv K; Lefèvre, Nathalie; Lo Monaco, Claire; Manke, Ansley; Mathis, Jeremy T; Merlivat, Liliane; Millero, Frank J; Monteiro, Pedro M S; Munro, David R; Murata, Akihiko; Newberger, Timothy; Omar, Abdirahman M; Ono, Tsuneo; Paterson, Kristina; Pearce, David J; Pierrot, Denis; Robbins, Lisa L; Saito, Shu; Salisbury, Joe; Schlitzer, Reiner; Schneider, Bernd; Schweitzer, Roland; Sieger, Rainer; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Sullivan, Kevin; Sutherland, Stewart C; Sutton, Adrienne; Tadokoro, Kazuaki; Telszewski, Maciej; Tuma, Matthias; van Heuven, Steven; Vandemark, Doug; Ward, Brian; Watson, Andrew J; Xu, Suqing (2016): A multi-decade record of high-quality fCO2 data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT). Earth System Science Data, 8(2), 383-413, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-02
    Description: The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis of quality-controlled fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) values for the global surface oceans and coastal seas with regular updates. Version 3 of SOCAT has 14.5 million fCO2 values from 3646 data sets covering the years 1957 to 2014. This latest version has an additional 4.4 million fCO2 values relative to version 2 and extends the record from 2011 to 2014. Version 3 also significantly increases the data availability for 2005 to 2013. SOCAT has an average of approximately 1.2 million surface water fCO2 values per year for the years 2006 to 2012. Quality and documentation of the data has improved. A new feature is the data set quality control (QC) flag of E for data from alternative sensors and platforms. The accuracy of surface water fCO2 has been defined for all data set QC flags. Automated range checking has been carried out for all data sets during their upload into SOCAT. The upgrade of the interactive Data Set Viewer allows better interrogation of the SOCAT data collection and rapid creation of high-quality figures for scientific presentations. Automated data upload has been launched for version 4 and will enable more frequent SOCAT releases in the future. High-profile scientific applications of SOCAT include quantification of the ocean sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and its long-term variation, detection of ocean acidification, as well as evaluation of coupled-climate and ocean-only biogeochemical models. Users of SOCAT data products are urged to acknowledge the contribution of data providers, as stated in the SOCAT Fair Data Use Statement. This living data publication documents changes in the methods and data sets used in this new version of the SOCAT data collection compared with previous publications of this data collection (Pfeil et al., 2013; Sabine et al., 2013; Bakker et al., 2014).
    Keywords: SOCAT; Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3657 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE O2 BALANCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE: A Tool for Studying the Fate of Fossil-Fuel CO2 (1998)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 23 (1998), S. 207-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Carbon dioxide is a radiatively active gas whose atmospheric concentration increase is likely to affect Earth's climate. CO2 is added to the atmosphere by biomass burning and the combustion of fossil fuels. Some added CO2 remains in the atmosphere. However, substantial amounts are taken up by the oceans and land biosphere, attenuating the atmospheric increase. Atmospheric O2 measurements provide one constraint for partitioning uptake rates between the ocean and the land biosphere. Here we review studies of atmospheric O2 concentration variations and discuss their implications for CO2 uptake by the ocean and the land biosphere. We compare estimates of anthropogenic carbon fluxes from O2 studies with estimates from other approaches and examine the contribution of natural ocean carbon fluxes to atmospheric O2 variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.23.1.207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palaeoceanography Antarctic stratification and glacial CO 2 (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 412 (2001), S. 605-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] One way of accounting for lowered atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations during Pleistocene glacial periods is by invoking the Antarctic stratification hypothesis, which links the reduction in CO2 to greater stratification of ocean surface waters around Antarctica. As discussed ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35088129
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global and hemispheric CO 2 sinks deduced from changes in atmospheric O 2 concentration (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 381 (1996), S. 218-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We focus on time series from Alert (82.5° N), La Jolla (32.9° N) and Cape Grim (40.7° S), as shown in Fig. 1. The data reveal seasonal cycles, interannual trends, and gradients with latitude. We express changes in O2/N2 relative to a reference according to〈5(02/N2) = ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/381218a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of Antarctic sea ice on glacial–interglacial CO 2 variations (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 404 (2000), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Ice-core measurements indicate that atmospheric CO2 concentrations during glacial periods were consistently about 80 parts per million lower than during interglacial periods. Previous explanations for this observation have typically had difficulty accounting for either the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35004556
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy carbon dioxide (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 363 (1993), S. 399-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE isotopes of oxygen in atmospheric carbon dioxide have long suffered from neglect - as one veteran of the business has put it, "figuring out the carbon iso-topes was enough work without having to bother about the oxygen isotopes as well". Well, people are finally starting to bother. And as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/363399a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal and interannual variations in atmospheric oxygen and implications for the global carbon cycle (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 358 (1992), S. 723-727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Measurements of changes in atmospheric molecular oxygen using a new interferometric technique show that the O2 content of air varies seasonally in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and is decreasing from year to year. The seasonal variations provide a new basis for estimating ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/358723a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring correlations between atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide mole fractions: A preliminary study in urban air (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 7 (1988), S. 153-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Atmospheric oxygen ; atmospheric carbon dioxide ; carbon cycle ; urban air ; interferometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract On 25 and 26 October 1986 the air in Cambridge, Massachusetts was monitored for O2 and CO2 mole fraction. O2 concentrations were detected from changes in the relative refractivity of dried air between two lines of 198Hg at 2537.269 and 4359.562 Å using dual-wavelength interferometry. Changes in oxygen mole fraction were resolved with two-minute time resolution to a precision of ±2.0 ppm. Changes in O2 were shown to be strongly anticorrelated with changes in CO2 as expected for combustion processes. The demonstrated instrumental capabilities are appropriate for measuring changes in O2 mole fraction in background air which could be of importance to a broad range of biogeochemical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048044
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  • 10
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    Atmospheric evidence for a global secular increase in carbon isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis (2017)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-11
    Description: A decrease in the 13C/12C ratio of atmospheric CO2 has been documented by direct observations since 1978 and from ice core measurements since the industrial revolution. This decrease, known as the 13C-Suess effect, is driven primarily by the input of fossil fuel-derived CO2 but is also sensitive to land and ocean carbon cycling and uptake. Using updated records, we show that no plausible combination of sources and sinks of CO2 from fossil fuel, land, and oceans can explain the observed 13C-Suess effect unless an increase has occurred in the 13C/12C isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis. A trend toward greater discrimination under higher CO2 levels is broadly consistent with tree ring studies over the past century, with field and chamber experiments, and with geological records of C3 plants at times of altered atmospheric CO2, but increasing discrimination has not previously been included in studies of long-term atmospheric 13C/12C measurements. We further show that the inferred discrimination increase of 0.014 ± 0.007‰ ppm−1 is largely explained by photorespiratory and mesophyll effects. This result implies that, at the global scale, land plants have regulated their stomatal conductance so as to allow the CO2 partial pressure within stomatal cavities and their intrinsic water use efficiency to increase in nearly constant proportion to the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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