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Lipids and lipolytic enzymes in the trunkwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L . during heartwood formation (1996)

Hillinger, Claudia ; Höll, W. ; Ziegler, Hubert

Springer

Trees 10 (1996), S. 376-381

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ISSN: 0931-1890

Keywords: Key words Acylesterhydrolase ; Heartwood formation ; Lipase ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; Phospholipases

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The radial profile of lipase and phospholipase activities was determined in the trunkwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L. The trees were felled in November at the time of heartwood formation and alterations in the enzymatic activities were investigated across the sapwood and heartwood. Methods employed include gaschromatographic, colorimetric and enzymatic assays. On a dry weight basis, the hydrolysis of the artificial substrate p-nitrophenylpalmitate shows a maximum activity in growth ring 4; however, the assay has proved not to be specific for lipase. In contrast, lipase analyses (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase; E.C. 3.1.1.3) with an authentic substrate show activity peaks in growth rings 1 and 4. With protein as a reference the highest activity is found in growth ring 5. A similar tendency is observed for phospholipase A1 (E.C. 3.1.1.32) and phospholipase A2 (E.C. 3.1.1.4). Phospholipase C (E.C. 3.1.4.3) activity decreases towards the sapwood-heartwood boundary; negligible traces of activity are detected in the heartwood, whereas, based on the protein content, growth ring 4 yields maximal activity. Phospholipase D (3.1.4.4) exhibits the same radial pattern with regard to protein content as a reference. On a dry weight basis there is a significant increase within the sapwood area, while in the heartwood the activity drastically decreases. The enzyme activities are discussed in relation to degradative processes within the plasma membranes and the hydrolysis of reserve lipids during heartwood formation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185641

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Electronic Resource

Lipids and lipolytic enzymes in the trunkwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L . during heartwood formation (1996)

Hillinger, Claudia ; Höll, W. ; Ziegler, Hubert

Springer

Trees 10 (1996), S. 366-375

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ISSN: 0931-1890

Keywords: Key words Acyllipids ; Heartwood formation ; Phospholipids ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; Sterols

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The radial distribution of membrane and storage lipids was determined in the trunkwood of Robinia pseudoacacia L. The trees were felled in November at the time of heartwood formation and fluctuations in the amount and composition of phospholipids, free sterols, steryl esters, di- and triacylglycerols, and free fatty acids were investigated across the sapwood-heartwood boundary. The individual compounds were identified and quantified by thin layer chromatography, enzymatic and colorimetric assays, and by capillary gas chromatography. Phospholipids show a significant decrease towards the boundary area, and in the heartwood only trace amounts can be detected. The same pattern is observed for free sterols in the sapwood; in the heartwood, however, they reach maximum values with increasing depth of the trunk. Steryl esters exhibit a complementary behaviour by accumulating at the periphery of the heartwood. No concentration changes are found in the total amounts of diacylglycerols and free fatty acids. In contrast, the triacylglycerol concentration declines steadily across the trunk. With regard to qualitative composition, free fatty acids and the fatty acid moieties of the esterified constituents vary in their chain length from 14 to 24 carbon atoms and have up to three double bonds. A radial gradient in the ratio saturated/unsaturated fatty acids can be observed: except for the phospholipid fraction the relative amounts of unsaturated fatty acids increase in centripetal direction. Seven phospholipids were identified: phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid, which constitutes the major proportion. In the sterol group, sitosterol is the most abundant component. The composition of the esterified sterols remains constant across the trunk cross-section, whereas the relative frequencies of individual free sterols change markedly.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185640

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3

Electronic Resource

Lipids and lipolytic enzymes in the trunkwood ofRobinia pseudoacacia L. during heartwood formation (1996)

Hillinger, Claudia ; Höll, Wolfgang ; Ziegler, Hubert

Springer

Trees 10 (1996), S. 366-375

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Details

ISSN: 1432-2285

Keywords: Acyllipids ; Heartwood formation ; Phospholipids ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; Sterols

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The radial distribution of membrane and storage lipids was determined in the trunkwood ofRobinia pseudoacacia L. The trees were felled in November at the time of heartwood formation and fluctuations in the amount and composition of phospholipids, free sterols, steryl esters, diand triacylglycerols, and free fatty acids were investigated across the sapwood-heartwood boundary. The individual compounds were identified and quantified by thin layer chromatography, enzymatic and colorimetric assays, and by capillary gas chromatography. Phospholipids show a significant decrease towards the boundary area, and in the heartwood only trace amounts can be detected. The same pattern is observed for free sterols in the sapwood; in the heartwood, however, they reach maximum values with increasing depth of the trunk. Steryl esters exhibit a complementary behaviour by accumulating at the periphery of the heartwood. No concentration changes are found in the total amounts of diacylglycerols and free fatty acids. In contrast, the triacylglycerol concentration declines steadily across the trunk. With regard to qualitative composition, free fatty acids and the fatty acid moieties of the esterified constituents vary in their chain length from 14 to 24 carbon atoms and have up to three double bonds. A radial gradient in the ratio saturated/unsaturated fatty acids can be observed: except for the phospholipid fraction the relative amounts of unsaturated fatty acids increase in centripetal direction. Seven phospholipids were identified: phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid, which constitutes the major proportion. In the sterol group, sitosterol is the most abundant component. The composition of the esterified sterols remains constant across the trunk cross-section, whereas the relative frequencies of individual free sterols change markedly.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185640

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	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

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4

Electronic Resource

Lipids and lipolytic enzymes in the trunkwood ofRobinia pseudoacacia L. during heartwood formation (1996)

Hillinger, Claudia ; Höll, Wolfgang ; Ziegler, Hubert

Springer

Trees 10 (1996), S. 376-381

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1432-2285

Keywords: Acylesterhydrolase ; Heartwood formation ; Lipase ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; Phospholipases

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The radial profile of lipase and phospholipase activities was determined in the trunkwood ofRobinia pseudoacacia L. The trees were felled in November at the time of heartwood formation and alterations in the enzymatic activities were investigated across the sapwood and heartwood. Methods employed include gaschromatographic, colorimetric and enzymatic assays. On a dry weight basis, the hydrolysis of the artificial substrate pnitrophenylpalmitate shows a maximum activity in growth ring 4; however, the assay has proved not to be specific for lipase. In contrast, lipase analyses (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase; E.C. 3.1.1.3) with an authentic substrate show activity peaks in growth rings 1 and 4. With protein as a reference the highest activity is found in growth ring 5. A similar tendency is observed for phospholipase A1 (E.C. 3.1.1.32) and phospholipase A2 (E.C. 3.1.1.4). Phospholipase C (E.C. 3.1.4.3) activity decreases towards the sapwood-heartwood boundary; negligible traces of activity are detected in the heartwood, whereas, based on the protein content, growth ring 4 yields maximal activity. Phospholipase D (3.1.4.4) exhibits the same radial pattern with regard to protein content as a reference. On a dry weight basis there is a significant increase within the sapwood area, while in the heartwood the activity drastically decreases. The enzyme activities are discussed in relation to degradative processes within the plasma membranes and the hydrolysis of reserve lipids during heartwood formation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185641

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