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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 200 (1963), S. 705-706 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Serial sections through the inner ears of two de Castro-stained specimens of Lacerta vivipara were available for examination, and de Castro-stained specimens of Anniella pulchra and Anguis fragilis were available for comparison, along with Bodian-stained serial sections of the inner ears in ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 760 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 513 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 70 (1966), S. 347-363 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The structure of the crystalline inclusions found in Batrachoseps liver cells is described and it is shown that the most symmetric unit cell upon which the crystal lattice is built is a face-centered cube. Taking into consideration the physical properties of a face-centered cubic structure, an attempt is made to determine the nature of the macromolecules that comprise the crystal. It is concluded on the basis of available evidence that the macromolecules probably represent serum lipoproteins. The intracellular synthesis of the crystals and the possible functions they may subserve in the animal are discussed. A comparison is made between the crystals and granules in rat hepatocytes discussed by Bruni and Porter (1965).
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 37 (1994), S. 110-119 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm ; Glycoprotein ; GPI ; Maturation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The principal galactose oxidase/NaB[3H]4-labeled membrane protein of rat caudal epididymal spermatozoa was isolated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The protein is released from the membrane by the action of phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C, and thereby its properties are transformed from those of a protein anchored to the hydrophobic membrane to those of a hydrophilic solution protein. Because it is the only membrane-associated protein released by the enzyme which did not absorb to a propylaspartate resin, a simple, single step purification procedure was devised.Although the amino terminus of the protein is blocked to Edman degradation, the majority of the protein structure was determined from a series of tryptic peptides and from limited acid hydrolysis. Approximately 65% of the protein mass is carbohydrate which is primarily attached through O-glycosidic bonds to the 18 threonines. The molecular weight of the glycoprotein was estimated to be 16,600, considerably smaller than the Mr = 26,000 to 37,000 previously determined by gel electrophoresis. The anomalous electrophoretic behavior is undoubtedly due to the large percentage of carbohydrate. The distribution of carbohydrate on the protein side chains suggests the protein may form a positively charged, specialized scaffolding for the presentation of the carbohydrate moieties. Because the appearance of the ability to label the protein with galactose oxidase is correlated with sperm maturation in the epididymis, the glycoprotein structures may be an important componetn in the fertilization process. The combination of linkage by glycosylphosphatidylinositol and low molecular weight mucin-like structure indicates this may be a member of a new class of membrane proteins. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 40 (1995), S. 16-28 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Testis ; Sertoli cell ; Spermatogenic cells ; Osteopontin ; Cell adhesion molecule ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have identified a bone cell adhesion molecule, osteopontin, in the rat testis and epididymis by Northern analysis, RT-PCR, Western immunoblot analysis, and immunocytochemistry. A polyclonal antibody raised against rat epididymal fluid proteins was used to detect fusion proteins produced by a testis λgt11 cDNA library. Sequence analysis of one of four positive cDNA clones, designated as pREP5, revealed identity with the rat osteopontin (OPN) cDNA. The partial cDNA clone pREP5 encompasses 64% of the 1,457 residues reported by Oldberg et al. (1986; Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:8819-8823). Immunoblot analysis with a monoclonal antibody against OPN detects the presence of immunoreactive poly-peptides in rat testis homogenates as well as in epididymal fluid and sperm extracts. Immunocytochemical localization to the basal and adluminal region of the seminiferous tubule suggests that OPN could be a Sertoli cell product. Indeed, Northern blot analysis of testicular cell preparations demonstated positive hybridization to Sertoli cellenriched RNA, but not to RNA isolated from interstitial cell preparations or to isolated germ cell RNA preparations. OPN is also detected in the rat epididymis and on epididymal spermatozoa. This is the first report on the presence of OPN mRNA and protein in rat testis and epididymis and on the presence of OPN on the surface of epididymal spermatozoa: The characterization of this protein in other tissue suggests that OPN could play a role in testicular cell adhesion during spermatogenesis and/or epididymal maturation, although other potential functions in the male reproductive tract are discussed. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibody ; Glycoprotein ; Epididymal epithelium ; Sperm ; Plasma membrane ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Monoclonal antibody 4E9, which was raised against a partially purified detergent extract of rat caudal epididymal sperm, recognizes the tail of sperm from the cauda, but not from caput epididymidis, as well as epithelial cells in a restricted region of the distal caput/corpus epididymidis and proteins in epididymal fluid from corpus and cauda epididymidis. The antigen is apparently a glycoprotein, since it is retained on a Ricinus communis agglutinin l lectin column. Epididymal fluid antigens have apparent MrS of 38-26 kD, whereas the memrane-associated form of the molecule has an Mr of 26 kD. Immunocytochemical data and Western immunoblot data suggest that the membrane antigen is derived from the fluid antigen, which, in turn, is secrteted by the epididymal epithelium. Characterization of the membrane antigen indicates that it is tightly associated with the sperm surface, behaving as though it is an integral membrane protein. The antigen persists on ejaculated sperm. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 40 (1995), S. 186-195 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Germ cells ; Testis ; Gene expression ; Sperm ; Proacrosin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A number of hsp70-like proteins are associated with developing male germ cells. One of these molecules, P70, is not sensitive to heat stress and is germ cell-specific, and its expression is developmentally regulated. We have characterized the association of the rat P70(rP70) with differentiating germ cells in the testis and with posttesticular sperm. An antibody originally raised against human sperm proacrosin (designated C3; Siegel et al., 1987: J Reprod Immunol 11:307-319) was found to immunostain rP70 by immunoblot analysis and was used in subsequent studies of the rP70 molecule. The C3 antibody reacted with P70 isoforms in rat, human, mouse, guinea pig, boar, and rooster testicular homogenates. In the developing rat testis, abundant rP70 protein levels were first detected on postnatal day 22, with upregulation to adult levels occurring after postnatal day 28. Purified populations of adult rat pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids, and elongating spermatids, isolated by unit gravity velocity sedimentation, all expressed rP70. Posttesticular sperm exhibited a loss of the rP70 molecule; caput epididymal sperm were weakly immunoreactive for rP70, but no immunoreactivity was observed in either cauda epididymal sperm or epididymal fluid. In contrast to human ejaculated sperm, rat ejaculated sperm did not express rP70. The loss of P70 from rat posttesticular sperm may reflect species-specific differences in P70 functions, which are thought to include a role in the structural modifications that occur during germ cell differentiation. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 34 (1993), S. 175-182 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Fixation ; Artifact ; Ruthenium red ; Percoll ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Various fixation protocols were used in an attempt to improve preservation of rat epididymal sperm for high-resolution low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (HR-LVSEM). Wash solutions and fixatives of different composition and osmolarity were tested. Paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde concentrations were varied between 0.5% and 3%. Ruthenium red was tested as an additive in both primary fixation and postfixation, or in postfixation alone. HR-LVSEM revealed various degrees of ruffing, folding, blebbing, and peeling off of the plasma membrane, as well as holes of different sizes. The plasma membrane overlying the acrosome and the connecting piece proved to be particularly sensitive to varying fixation conditions. Consistent topographical differences were revealed among the different domains over the sperm head. Most of the differences were considered to be artifacts. Their consistency, however, suggests that structural and biochemical differences exist either within the membrane or in the structures subjacent to the membrane. Primary fixation turned out to be less critical than postfixation. Preservation of a smooth plasma membrane without holes could only be achieved when primary fixation in low aldehyde concentrations, with or without ruthenium red, was followed by postfixation with OsO4 and 1,000 ppm ruthenium red. Examination of thin sections of the same material confirmed that even a considerable number of small holes are difficult to detect in transmission electron microscopy. These results show that with the recent increase in resolution of LVSEM there is need for further effort to improve sample processing. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 115 (1964), S. 255-271 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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