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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of a gene responsible for the Na+/H+ antiporter system of alkalophilic Bacillus species strain C-125 (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An alkali-sensitive mutant, 38154, of the alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain C-125 could not grow at an alkaline pH. The nucleotide sequence of a 3.7 kb parental DNA fragment that recovers the growth of 38154 at alkaline pH has four open reading frames (ORF1–4). By sub-cloning the fragment, we demonstrated that a 0.25 kb DNA region is responsible for the recovery. Direct sequencing of the mutant's corresponding region revealed a G to A substitution. The mutation resulted in an amino acid substitution from Gly-393 to Arg of the putative 0RF1 product, which was deduced to be an 804-amino-acid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 89 070. The N-terminal part of the putative ORF1 product showed amino acid similarity to those of the chain-5 products of eukaryotic NADH quinine oxidoreductases. Membrane vesicles prepared from 38154 did not show membrane potential (δψ)-driven Na+/H+ antiporter activity. Antiporter activity was resumed by introducing a parental DNA fragment which recovered the mutant's alkalophily. These results indicate that the mutation in 38154 affects, either directly or indirectly, the electrogenic Na+/H+ antiporter activity. This is the first report which shows that a gene responsible for the Na+/H+ anti-porter system is important in the alkalophily of alkalo-philic microorganisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01329.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterisation of an amylase from a psychrotrophic Vibrio isolated from a deep-sea mud sample (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 84 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A psychrotrophic bacterium which produced amylase was isolated from a deep-sea mud sample collected at a depth of 1200 m from Sagami Bay, Japan. The isolate was identified as Vibrio sp. from its taxonomic characteristics. The amylase produced by the bacterium was purified and its characteristics were examined. The molecular mass of the amylase was estimated to be 66 kDa by SDS-PAGE and 70 kDa by gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme had maximum activity at neutral pH and the activity was inhibited by 1 mM Hg2+, 5 mM EDTA or 0.1% SDS. The amylase hydrolysed amylopectin and glycogen as well as soluble starch but did not hydrolyse cyclodextrins. Complete inactivation of the enzyme activity occurred after 1 h incubation at 45°C. The enzyme showed an optimal temperature for activity at 35°C and retained 10% of the maximum activity at 0°C.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04573.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of temperature and growth phase on fatty acid composition of the psychrophilic Vibrio sp. strain no. 5710 (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 119 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The cellular fatty acid composition of the psychrophilic Vibrio sp. strain No. 5710 isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample was analyzed. The presence of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) was demonstrated as found previously in other deep-sea bacteria, and the relative amount of 22:6 decreased as the growth temperature increased. A temperature shift from 10°C to 0°C resulted in a relative increase of 22:6, and an opposite shift led to a decrease. In addition, hexadecanoic acid (16:0) was found to increase as the growth temperature increased. Therefore, it is suggested that the adaptation of 5710 to the growth temperature was carried out by the changes in the relative amounts of 22:6 and 16:0. When 5710 was grown at low temperature, it increased the relative amount of 22:6 presumably to maintain membrane fluidity at that temperature. In contrast, 5710 grown at high temperature probably maintained the membrane fluidity by increasing the amount of a saturated fatty acid, 16:0. Furthermore, observation of the fatty acid compositions at mid-exponential phase and early stationary phase revealed the proportions of several fatty acids, including a major fatty acid, 9-cis-hexadecenoic acid (16:1c, palmitoleic acid), were affected by the growth phase which may be due to the physiological difference between the growth phases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06870.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Clostridium cellulovorans gene, engD, codes for both endo-β-1,4-glucanase and cellobiosidase activities (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 72 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A 5.8 kbp DNA fragment from Clostridium cellulovorans (ATCC 35296) containing endo-β-1,4-glucanase (1,4-β-d-glucan glucanohydrolase, carboxymethylcellulase, CMCase; EC 3.2.1.4) gene, engD was cloned in Escherichia coli. The clone harboring a subcloned 3.8 kb fragment in plasmid, pEQ52V, produced an enzyme that showed both endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity as well as cellobiosidase activity. Zymograms with the engD encoded enzyme with carboxymethyl-cellulose as the substrate indicated that the molecular mass of the active protein was 50 000.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03903.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Asymmetric cell division of a triangular halophilic archaebacterium (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 56 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The cell division of the halophilic archaebacterium, Haloarcula japonicus, which has a characteristic triangular shape in high salt concentration media, was analysed by time lapse microscopic cinematography. Cell division on an agar medium occured on average every 3.7 h. Cell plates were laid down asymmetrically, generating triangular or rhomboid shape daughter cells which then separated. Cell plate formation was clearly observed because the cells are flat and thin enough to see through using a conventional light microscope.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb03181.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of malate dehydrogenase from deep-sea psychrophilic Vibrio sp. strain no. 5710 and cloning of its gene (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 137 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A metabolic key enzyme malate dehydrogenase (MDH) was purified from a deep-sea psychrophilic bacterium, Vibrio sp. strain no. 5710. The enzyme displayed an optimal activity shifted toward lower temperature and a pronounced heat lability. A gene encoding this enzyme was isolated and cloned. Recombinant Escherichia coli cells harboring the isolated clone expressed MDH activity with temperature stability identical to that of the parental psychrophile. Nucleotide sequencing of the gene revealed that its primary sequence was similar to that of a mesophile E. coli MDH (78% amino acid identity), for which the three-dimensional structure is known. The enzyme is thus suitable for the analysis of molecular adaptations to low temperatures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08113.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characteristic presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine psychrophilic vibrios (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 129 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The cellular fatty acid compositions of 22 psychrophilic and psychrotrophic vibrios isolated from deep-sea sediment samples were analyzed. Twelve isolates were shown to contain docosahexaenoic acid (22:6), and five isolates contained eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5). The presence of these polyunsaturated fatty acids and the maximum growth temperatures of the isolates were correlated. Those containing docosahexaenoic acid possessed the lowest maximum growth temperatures (lower than 20° C, Group I), while those containing eicosapentaenoic acid had maximum growth temperatures between 20 and 25° C (Group II). A group of five isolates which did not contain such polyunsaturated fatty acids had higher maximum growth temperatures (Group III). These results imply that those polyunsaturated fatty acids may play a role in low-temperature adaptation of marine vibrios and suggest that the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids could be used to discriminate between psychrophilic and psychrotolerant marine bacteria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07556.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of a bacterium isolated from amber (1994)
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 3 (1994), S. 567-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Schlagwort(e): amber ; Bacillus subtilis ; 16S rRNA sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A bacterium has been isolated from Baltic amber, after it was soaked in ethanol and flamed. The bacterium was a Gram-positive aerobic spore-forming rod whose 16S rDNA sequence had a 99.6% homology to that of Bacillus subtilis. Accordingly, the bacterium was identified as a strain in the species Bacillus subtilis. Considering the isolation procedure that was employed, the isolate should not be a contaminant of the contemporary Bacillus population; however, it may not be considered as a bacterium trapped when the amber was formed. These results suggest that amber might contain bacteria that were derived from the environments in which the amber had been located.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114201
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria from a Japanese salt field and comparison of the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of an extremely halophilic isolate with those of other extreme halophiles (1994)
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 3 (1994), S. 632-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Schlagwort(e): extreme halophile ; halotolerant ; Haloarcula japonica ; 16S rRNA sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Halophilic and halotolerant bacteria were isolated from soil samples of a Japanese salt field, an environment where salt concentrations vary annually. From 1 g of each of the five samples collected, over 1×103 bacterial colonies (colony forming units (cfu)g-1) grew on agar medium containing 2M Na+. In contrast, 0–4 bacterial colonies (cfu g-1) were observed on agar medium containing 4M Na+. Two of the five samples contained numerous bacteria (102–103 cfu g-1) capable of growth on a 2M Na+ alkaline (pH=9.5) medium, while few bacterial colonies were observed from the other three samples. Only one of the five samples was shown to contain bacteria capable of growth on a 4M Na+ alkaline medium. Most of the bacteria isolated on 4M Na+ agar were eubacteria, but one extreme halophile (TR-1, already described as Haloarcula japonica JCM7785) was also isolated. The 16S rRNA sequence of TR-1 was determined and shows high homology (94.4–98.5%) to Ha. marismortui and Ha. sinaiiensis. These results suggested that: 1) environments with seasonally varying salinity can harbour halotolerants as well as halophiles and, 2) closely related halophiles can be isolated from geographically distant habitats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114206
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of functional domains of endoglucanases from Clostridium cellulovorans by gene cloning, nucleotide sequencing and chimeric protein construction (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 231 (1992), S. 472-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Nucleotide sequence ; Chimeric protein ; Endoglucanase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The nucleotide sequence of engD, an endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene from Clostridium cellulovorans was determined (Genbank Accession No. M37434). The COON-terminal part of the gene product, EngD, contained a Thr-Thr-Pro repeated sequence followed by a region that has homology to the exoglucanase of Cellulomonas fimi. EngD and EngB, another C. cellulovorans endoglucanase, show 75% amino acid sequence homology at their NH2-termini, in contrast to their carboxyterminal domains which show no homology. EngD had endoglucanase activity on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellobiosidase activity on p-nitrophenyl-cellobioside (p-NPC), and partial hydrolytic activity on crystalline cellulose (Avicel), while EngB showed hydrolytic activity against only CMC. Chimeric proteins between EngB and EngD were constructed by exchanging the non-homologous COOH-terminal regions. Chimeric proteins that contained the NH2-terminus of EngD retained cellobiosidase activity but chimeras with the EngB NH2-terminus showed no cellobiosidase activity. Hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose (Avicelase activity) was observed only with the enzyme containing the EngD NH2-terminus and EngD COOH-terminus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292718
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