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  • 1
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    Effects of the tropospheric large-scale circulation on European winter temperatures during the period of amplified Arctic warming (2020)
    JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
    In:  EPIC3International Journal of Climatology, JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, 40(1), pp. 509-529, ISSN: 0899-8418
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: We investigate factors influencing European winter (DJFM) air temperatures for the period 1979?2015 with the focus on changes during the recent period of rapid Arctic warming (1998?2015). We employ meteorological reanalyses analysed with a combination of correlation analysis, two pattern clustering techniques, and back-trajectory airmass identification. In all five selected European regions, severe cold winter events lasting at least 4 days are significantly correlated with warm Arctic episodes. Relationships during opposite conditions of warm Europe/cold Arctic are also significant. Correlations have become consistently stronger since 1998. Large-scale pattern analysis reveals that cold spells are associated with the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO?) and the positive phase of the Scandinavian (SCA+) pattern, which in turn are correlated with the divergence of dry-static energy transport. Warm European extremes are associated with opposite phases of these patterns and the convergence of latent heat transport. Airmass trajectory analysis is consistent with these findings, as airmasses associated with extreme cold events typically originate over continents, while warm events tend to occur with prevailing maritime airmasses. Despite Arctic?wide warming, significant cooling has occurred in northeastern Europe owing to a decrease in adiabatic subsidence heating in airmasses arriving from the southeast, along with increased occurrence of circulation patterns favouring low temperature advection. These dynamic effects dominated over the increased mean temperature of most circulation patterns. Lagged correlation analysis reveals that SCA? and NAO+ are typically preceded by cold Arctic anomalies during the previous 2-3 months, which may aid seasonal forecasting.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Nonlinear response of mid-latitude weather to the changing Arctic (2016)
    In:  EPIC3NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE, 6, pp. 992-999
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-12
    Description: Are continuing changes in the Arctic influencing wind patterns and the occurrence of extreme weather events in northern midlatitudes? The chaotic nature of atmospheric circulation precludes easy answers. The topic is a major science challenge, as continued Arctic temperature increases are an inevitable aspect of anthropogenic climate change. We propose a perspective that rejects simple cause-and-effect pathways and notes diagnostic challenges in interpreting atmospheric dynamics. We present a way forward based on understanding multiple processes that lead to uncertainties in Arctic and mid-latitude weather and climate linkages. We emphasize community coordination for both scientific progress and communication to a broader public.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 3
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    Fram Strait September 2004 Cruise on R/V Lance : Cruise report (2005)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Cruise on R/V Lance, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, 23 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smooth transformations of Kratzer's potential in N dimensions (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 2983-2986 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We study smooth transformations V(r)=g(−1/r)+f(1/r2) of Kratzer's potential −a/r+b/r2 in N≥2 spatial dimensions. Eigenvalue approximation formulas are obtained which provide lower or upper energy bounds for all the discrete energy eigenvalues Enl and all N≥2, corresponding, respectively, to the two cases that the transformation functions g and f are either both convex (g″≥0) and f″≥0) or both concave (g″≤0 and f″≤0). Detailed results are presented for V(r)=−a/r+b/rβ and V(r)=−(v/r)[1−ar/(1+r)]+b/r2. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476889
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined Density Functional, Self-Consistent Reaction Field Model of Solvation (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 921-924 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100003a014
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociative photoionization of H2 and D2 in the energy region of 25–45 eV (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 8449-8457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dissociative photoionization of molecular hydrogen and deuterium has been studied using synchrotron radiation and an electrostatic analyzer with a position sensitive detection system for the threshold region of the doubly excited states, 25–45 eV. The Q1 1Σ+u(1) autoionizing state plays an important role in the production of fast protons below 30 eV. It is found that, for the incident photon energy 30–40 eV, the dominant process for the production of energetic protons is autoionization of the Q2 1Πu(1) state which preferentially autoionizes to the H+22pσu state rather than to the H+21sσg state. The Q2 1Πu(2) and Q2 1Σ+u autoionizing states are also found to produce fast protons in this energy region. Above 42 eV, the kinetic energy distributions are dominated by direct ionization to the 2pσu and 2pπu states of H+2. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471594
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of trialuminum triboron heptakis(dimethylamino)pentahydride (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 8 (1969), S. 270-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50072a017
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Square-well representations for potentials in quantum mechanics (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 33 (1992), S. 3472-3476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: A single particle moves in one dimension and obeys nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. If the potential shape f(x) is symmetric and vanishes at infinity, then, without loss of generality, it can be represented in the form of a mixture f(x)=∫0∞A(t)w(x/t)dt of square wells w(x). It is shown that A(t)=f'(t) and that the discrete eigenvalues of the Schrödinger operator H=−D2+vf(x) are given approximately by the general formula En(approximately-equal-to)EAn=mins(approximately-greater-than)0[s+v∫0∞f'(t)w¯n(st2)dt], where {w¯n(s)}n=0∞ are the known "kinetic potentials'' associated with the simple square-well problem. For n=0 or 1, the approximations EnA are lower bounds to the corresponding exact energies En. The general formula is applied to the sech-squared potential and to the truncated quartic oscillator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529896
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixtures of potentials in quantum mechanics (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 33 (1992), S. 1710-1716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: A global geometrical approximation theory for the spectra of Schrödinger operators H =− D2 + vf(x) is discussed. The potential f(x) is composed either of sums, or of continuous mixtures, of soluble potentials. In both cases it is proved that the kinetic-potential formalism [J. Math. Phys. 24, 324 (1983); 25, 2078 (1984)] automatically yields optimal energy lower bounds. The examples f(x)=||x||+x2 and f(x)=−∫basech2(tx)dt are treated in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529649
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ground-state energy of a system of identical bosons (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 29 (1988), S. 990-994 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: A system of N identical bosons is studied, each having mass m, which interact in R3 via attractive central pair potentials and obey nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. A lower energy bound is found by the equivalent two-body method. An upper energy bound established previously on the basis of field theory is now derived by variational methods within conventional quantum mechanics. In the case of the linear potential Vij=γ||ri−rj|| the bounds imply that the ground-state energy is given by E=C(N)(N−1)((h-dash-bar)2/m)1/3(γN/2)2/3, where 2.3381〈C(N)〈2.343 52. The energy is therefore determined in this case with error 〈0.116% for all N≥2. Similar results are given for other power-law potentials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.527996
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