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  • 1
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters 61 (1982), S. 151-165 
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les données pétrologiques et géochimiques montrent clairement que les péridotites ont un caractère fortement résiduel. Les fortes teneurs en Cr# [Cr#= 100*Cr/(Cr+Al)] du spinelle (〉 60) associées aux très faibles concentrations en terres rares lourdes sur roche totale (〈0.1 aux valeurs chondritiques) témoignent de fort taux de fusion (25 à 35%) que l'on rencontre habituellement dans les contextes de subduction. Les enrichissements importants en TiO2 des spinelles et clinopyroxènes secondaires des peridotites (〉 1 % et 0.5%, respectivement) sent interprétés comme résultant de phénomènes d'imprégnations importants entre les péridotites et des liquides magmatiques. Les fortes concentrations en terres rares légères des péridotites (proches des valeurs chondritiques) associées aux fortes anomalies en Nb, Sr, Zr, et Hf suggerent que ces liquides étaient de nature boninitique. Les basaltes et les cumulats gabbroïques dérivent de la cristallisation de liquides tholéiitiques de type MORB. Leurs fortes anomalies en Nb, suggerènt cependant une origine dans un bassin arrière-arc De nouvelles datations isotopiques40K40Ar obtenues sur les basaltes arrière-arch (29 Ma) et les boninites (43 Ma) montrent que le massif des Cyclops s' est probablement formé dans un contexte de zone de subduction impliquant une subduction vers le Sud de la lithosphere océanique australienne sous la marge nord australienne. Les péridotites et laves associées (boninites) se seraient formées à l'Eocène dans un bassin avant-arc, avant d'être obductées au Miocène sur l'are situé plus au sud. Les rétrochevauchements Pliocène ont conduit aux charriages tardifs du bassin arrière-arc sur l'arc et le bassin avant-arc.
    Notes: Summary The Cyclops massif (Irian Jaya - Western Indonesia) displays all components of an ophiolitic sequence including residual mantle peridotites (harzburgites and dunites), cumulate gabbros, dolerites, normal mid-oceanic ridge basalts (N-MORB) and minor amounts of boninitic lavas. This ophiolitic series tectonically overlies high temperature (HT)-high pressure (HP) mafic rocks metamorphosed during the Miocene. Mineral chemistry and bulk rock rare-earth element (REE) abundances of the peridotites are characteristic of highly residual mantle rocks. The high Cr# [Cr#=100*Cr/(Cr+Al)] of spinel (up to 60) and very low heavy rare-earth element (HREE) concentrations of peridotites (〈 0.1 time the chondritic values) are in agreement with residues of 25 to 35% melting as expected for peridotites from supra-subduction zone environments. Ti-enrichments in spinels and secondary clinopyroxenes (up to 1%, and 0.5%, respectively) are likely a consequence of reaction between mantle-derived melts and the host peridotites. High light rare-earth element (LREE) concentrations reaching up to chondritic values and high field strength element (HFSE) anomalies suggest that the initial composition of the residual peridotites has been previously modified by the passage of boninitic melt(s). The associated basalts and related cumulate rocks display major and trace element contents with Nb-negative anomalies typical of back-arc magmas. New40K/40Ar isotopic ages obtained from the back-arc basin basalts (BABB - 29 Ma) and boninites (43 Ma) combined with the geochemical signatures of the rocks studied here, indicate that the Cyclops Mountains may have formed in a single suprasubduction environment. This implies southward plunging subduction of the Australian oceanic lithosphere beneath the northern part of the Australian margin. The ultramafic rocks and related lavas (boninites) likely formed during the Eocene in a forearc environment, before their southward obduction onto the island arc crustal welt during the early Miocene. The Pliocene back-thrusting event has led to the slicing of the backarc basin series onto the arc and fore-arc sequences.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 67 (1999), S. 111-142 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé De nouveaux résultats obtenus à partlr de l'étude des roches magmatiques dans la plaine Abyssale Ibérique et sur le Bane de Gorrlnge permettent avec ceux obtenus sur le Bane de Galice de mieux contraindre la formation de la marge Ouest Ibérique. Ces trois zones ont été échantillonnées selon des coupes Est-Ouest de la transition océan-continent, à partir du pied on immédiatement à l'Ouest des derniers blocs continentaux basculés. La croûte de chacun de ces secteurs est composée de rares basaltes, localement en coussin, reposant directement sur des péridotites (prédominantes) qui elles-mêmes contiennent des niveaux de pyroxénites et de rares lentilles de gabbros localement différenciés. Ces derniers sont souvent fortement cisaillés et métamorphises et parfois transformés en schistes chloriteux. Les péridotites fertiles (lherzolites) du Bane de Gallce sont considérées comme représentatives d'un manteau lithosphérique sous-continental. Cette origine est étendue aux sections mantelliques à dominante harzburgitique de la plaine Abyssale Ibérique et du Bane de Gorringe. En effet elles exposent de rares pyroxénites alcalines et d'abondantes lentilles de webstérite à plagioclase, inconnues en domaine purement océanique. La minéralogie des séries gabbroïques indique des conditions variées de mise en place des magmas. Les pyroxènes riches en aluminium du Bane de Galice et de la Plaine Abyssale Ibérique et la présence locale de spinelle dans les gabbros cisaillés (Plaine Abyssale Ibérique) supposent une cristallisation sous des pressions proches de 0.8 GPa ( ∼ profondeur de 24 km). Ces gabbros ne peuvent done pas avoir cristallisé sous une croûte océanique normale et sont interprétés comme provenant de magmas sous-plaqués à la base d'une croûte continentale faiblement amincie. Quelques gabbros du Bane de Gallce et ceux du Bane de Gorringe ont enregistré des conditions de cristallisation plus superficielles (à molns de 18 km), donc au sein de péridotites situées sous une croûte continentale plus mince ou inexistante. Dans un processus d'étirement crustal la mlse en place de ces gabbros apparaît ainsi échelonnée avec des venues précoces dans le cas de la Plaine Abyssale Ibérique et plus tardives dans le cas du Banc de Gorringe. Les basaltes reposant directement sur les péridotites du fond océanique correspondent aux premiers magmas extrusifs post-rift. Ils different sensiblement du Nord au Sud de la marge: depuis des tholeiites enrichies et transitionnelles exposees sur le Banc de Gallce et dans la Plaine Abyssale Ibérique, jusqu' à des tholeiites transitionnelles et appauvries sur le Banc de Gorringe. Les éléments traces et les données isotopiques disponibles montrent que les basaltes et les gabbros dérivent de sources mantelliques similaires et hétérogènes (10.3 ≥ εNdT ≥ 3.6). Le comportement de quelques éléments incompatibles (Nb en particulier) témoigne localement d'un possible fractionnement de rutile à faible profondeur dans le manteau lithosphérique on d'une contamination par de la croûte continentale. Un amincissement lithosphérique très lent, partiellement aidé par l'injection, le sous-plaquage et le cisaillement de quelques sills de gabbro et suivi de la dénudation d'un manteau sous-continental hétérogène, rend compte de la formation de l'ensemble de la marge Ouest Ibérique.
    Notes: Summary New petrological data on magmatic rocks obtained from the Iberia Abyssal Plain and from the Gorringe Bank, combined with those already known on the Galicia Bank, allow to better constrain the formation of the West Iberian Margin. These three zones were sampled along East-West transects of the ocean-continent transition, immediately West or at the foot of the last tilted continental block of the margin. These sections expose similar lithological successions including scarce basalts, locally pillowed, resting directly on peridotites (predominant) which themselves include layers of pyroxenites and rare lenses of gabbros and gabbroic differentiates. The latter are locally strongly sheared and metamorphosed e.g. to chlorite schists. At the Galicia Bank the exposed undepleted lherzolites are considered to be typical of a sub-continental lithospheric mantle environment. The mantle sections exposed at both the Iberia Abyssal Plain and the Gorringe Bank are clearly different. The presence of plagioclase-bearing websterite lenses and of small alkaline pyroxenites within the predominant harzburgites, is unknown in pure oceanic environments and supports their lithospheric sub-continental origin. Along each transect, the mineralogy of the gabbroic series documents various depths of emplacement and deformation. The highest pressures near 0.8 GPa ( ∼ 24 km depth) at Galicia Bank and Iberia Abyssal Plain are estimated from Al-rich pyroxenes and from the occurrence of metamorphic spinels in the sheared gabbros (Iberia Abyssal Plain). These gabbros are interpreted as deriving from underplated magmas at the base of a slightly thinned continental crust. The lower pressures (≤ 0.6 GPa) registered in the Gorringe Bank gabbroic rocks and in some reexamined gabbros from the Galicia Bank, suggest the existence of successive intrusions during the stretching process. The few basalts sampled on top of the exposed peridotites of the sea floor are inferred to be among the first post-rift extrusive magmas. They differ slightly from the North to the South of the margin: enriched and transitional tholeiites occur at Galicia Bank and in the Iberia Abyssal Plain, transitional and depleted tholeiites at the Gorringe Bank. The trace elements and the isotope data available show that the basalts and the gabbros derived from similar heterogeneous mantle sources (10.3 ≥ εNdT ≥ 3.6). The behavior of some incompatible elements (Nb in particular) documents locally either a possible fractionation of rutile in shallow lithospheric mantle or some contamination by the continental crust. A very slow lithospheric stretching, assisted by the intrusion, underplating, and the shearing of a few gabbroic sills, followed by the unroofing of heterogeneous subcontinental mantle can account for the formation of the entire West Iberian margin.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The 1981 French–Chinese expedition to Tibet focused on the Lhasa block, extending earlier coverage 400 km north of the Tsangpo suture. The Lhasa block stood between 10 and 15° N latitude over most of the Upper Cretaceous and Eocene and, if Gondwanian in origin, had detached from Gondwana ...
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Tibetan plateau, which probably results from successive accretion of several continental blocks to the south of Eurasia, is cross-cut by two major EW suture zones1'2. To the south, the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone is underlain by a nearly continuous ophiolite belt over several hundred kilometres. ...
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Results are reported from the 1980 joint French–Chinese field expedition in Tibet. The area covered was from the High Himalaya in the south, to the region of Nagqu ∼250 km north of Yangbajain. Ophiolites in the Zangbo valley represent remnants of the crust of an ocean basin which lay ...
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Xigaze ophiolite which outcrops along the Yarlung Zangbo river, southern Tibet, locally displays a complete ophiolitic sequence from marine sedimentary cover over basaltic volcanics to the north, to fresh Cr diopside-rich harzburgites to the south. In contrast with other ophiolites, the mafic ...
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 337 (1989), S. 729-732 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Limousin comprises several crystalline nappes (Fig. 1) with different lithologies and metamorphic histories8"10. One of these, the Intermediate Allochton, contains ophiolite bodies (Fig. 2) first interpreted as layered intrusions11'12, but does not bear any relict of former eclogites, which are ...
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