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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 100 (1988), S. 507-554 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine genaue Kenntnis der Struktur, Dynamik und Reaktionsweise von Molekülen ist der Schlüssel zum Verständnis ihrer Funktionen und Eigenschaften. Die NMR-Spektroskopie hat sich durch die Einführung zweidimensionaler Verfahren zur bedeutendsten Methode entwickelt, um derartige Informationen über Moleküle in Lösung zu erhalten. Es steht nunmehr ein ganzes Arsenal von Aufnahmetechniken zur Verfügung, deren erfolgreiche Anwendung aber nicht nur die entsprechende apparative Ausstattung, sondern auch die richtige Auswahl der Experimente einschließlich der optimalen Meßparameter und natürlich auch die sorgfältige Auswertung der Spektren voraussetzt. In diesem Beitrag werden die Grundlagen der modernen NMR-Spektroskopie vorgestellt, und es wird gezeigt, daß es mit dem Produktoperatorformalismus möglich ist, die Pulsfolgen der NMR-Spektroskopie qualitativ und quantitativ zu verstehen. Nur ganz wenige, leicht verständliche Annahmen muß ein potentieller Anwender dieser Methoden kennenlernen, um mit ihnen vertraut zu werden. Wir wollen den Produktoperatorformalismus ebenso wie die für das Verständnis der Pulsfolgen unabdingbaren Phasencyclen auf einfache Weise einführen und den Umgang mit ihnen bei der Besprechung verschiedener 2D-NMR-Techniken üben. Eine Übersicht über die wichtigsten Pulstechniken bildet den zweiten Teil des Beitrags.
    Additional Material: 40 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 73 (1990), S. 1818-1832 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New investigations of cyclosporin A in CDCl3 have been performed to obtain additional and more accurate distance restraints than utilized in our previous studies of cyclosporin A. Build-up rates at 600 MHz using 6 different mixing times at low temperatures (252.5 K) were determined and transformed into distances using the two-spin approximation. With the new distance restraints in the MD simulations using the GROMOS package, we can unambiguously conclude the presence of a βII′-turn. The new structure resembles the X-ray structure more than the structure previously determined, especially regarding the orientation of the MeBmt side chain. In the new structure and in the solid state, the side chain is folded over the backbone (although there are substantial differences in the χ1 torsion), in contrast to the old structure, where the side chain is extended away from the backbone.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 27 (1988), S. 490-536 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: NMR spectroscopy ; Analytical methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An exact knowledge of the structure, dynamics, and reactions of molecules provides the key to understand their functions and properties. NMR spectroscopy has developed, through the introduction of two-dimensional methods, into the most important method for the investigation of these questions in solution. A great variety of different techniques is available. However, for their successful application not only the appropriate equipment is required, but also the right choice of experiments and optimum measurement parameters, as well as a careful evaluation of the spectra. This contribution describes the necessary background for modern NMR spectroscopy. With the aid of the so-called product operator formalism it is possible to understand pulsed Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy both qualitatively and quantitatively. Very few, readily understandable assumptions are sufficient for confident application of these methods. This article attempts to introduce in a simple manner this formalism as well as phase cycles necessary for the understanding of pulse sequences, and to train the reader through the discussion of several 2D NMR techniques. An overview of the most important techniques is given in the second part of this article.
    Additional Material: 40 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Cyclic peptide ; Inverse spectrum ; Long-range proton-carbon couplings ; Inverse relayed spectrum ; NMR assignments ; Peptide conformation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The assignment of the proton and carbon spectra of the cyclic peptide cyclo(-Phe1-Pro2-Thr3-Lys(Z)4-Trp5-Phe6-) was accomplished by the application of multiple quantum proton-detected heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy. Since the proton spectrum shows severe overlap, the carbon chemical shifts were used to disentangle the proton resonances. The methodology described is useful even in cases where only limited quantities of materials are available.The combination of (i) a proton decoupled C,H correlation spectrum and (ii) a (not decoupled) H-relayed C,H correlation gave the assignments of all CHn groups. The non-protonated carbons, i.e. the carbonyl carbons of the peptide bond, were assigned with a C,H correlation optimized for long-range couplings, an experiment that also gave helpful information about the conformational features of the hexapeptide.The cyclic peptide contains a Phe-Pro cis-peptide bond forming a βVI-like bend and a β-turn about the amino acids Thr-Lys-Trp-Phe. Although the conventional discussion of NMR parameters indicates a strong preference for one conformation, the quantitative evaluation of NOE-derived distances in restrained MD calculations proves that the type of β-turn in the last-mentioned region is not unique. Whereas the MD calculations converge to a βII' turn, the vicinal proton coupling constants are in better agreement with type βI. Thus a dynamic equilibrium of the backbone is proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1990-10-31
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1990-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0006-2952
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2968
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Elsevier
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