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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are antipsychotic drugs potentially chemopreventive agents for cancer? (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 487-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050661
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Debrisoquine oxidation phenotype during neuroleptic monotherapy (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Debrisoquine oxidation ; Neuroleptics ; phenothiazines ; thioridazine ; haloperidol ; clothiapine ; phenotypic change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The debrisoquine oxidation phenotype was determined in 91 schizophrenic patients on monotherapy with different neuroleptics and in 67 untreated healthy volunteers. The prevalence of poor metabolizers of debrisoquine was significantly higher in the patients (46.2%) than in the healthy subjects (7.5%). Treatment with phenothiazine antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, levomepromazine and thioridazine) was associated with a higher debrisoquine metabolic ratio than treatment with haloperidol. On the other hand, treatment with clothiapine appeared not to interfere with debrisoquine oxidation. Oral administration of 50 mg thioridazine daily to 8 healthy subjects resulted in a marked increase in the debrisoquine metabolic ratio and 4 of them were transformed into phenotypically poor metabolizers. The results confirm the fact that phenothiazines, and to a lesser extent haloperidol, inhibit the oxidative metabolism of debrisoquine. They show also that clothiapine administration does not disturb the debrisoquine metabolic ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626371
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency of S-mephenytoin hydroxylation deficiency in 373 spanish subjects compared to other Caucasian populations (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 593-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Mephenytoin ; Pharmacogenetics ; polymorphism ; drug metabolism ; phenotype ; caucasian
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the prevalence of poor metabolisers (PM) of S-mephenytoin in 373 unrelated, healthy Spanish Caucasian subjects, based on the enantiomeric S/R mephenytoin ratio in urine collected 0–8 h and 24–32 h after intake of the racemic drug. Five of the subjects were PM (1.34%, 95% confidence interval 0.18–2.59%), a prevalence lower than in 6 other Caucasian populations, but only significantly lower than in studies in France and Switzerland (P〈0.01). We suggest that this difference might be due to the use of different phenotyping procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02440867
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of midazolam 1-hydroxylation activity in vitro by neurotransmitters and precursors (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words CYP3A ; Metabolism ; Indoleamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to find whether endogenous substances could modulate CYP3A activity. There is evidence that CYP3A, a major phase-I xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme, is present in human brain but, at the present time, endogenous substrates for such an enzyme remain to be identified. A possible linkage between the CYP2D6 enzyme and serotonergic transmission has been recently reported by our group. In the same manner, structurally related enzymes such as CYP3A could also be related to endogenous compounds. Methods: CYP3A activity was measured using the enzyme-specific substrate midazolam in human liver microsomes. Several neurotransmitters, precursors, and their metabolites, corresponding to three different metabolic routes, were assayed as putative modulators of CYP3A enzyme activity. These comprised serotonergic, catecolaminergic, and GABAergic transmitters and precursors. The inhibitory capacity of ketoconazole, a competitive inhibitor of CYP3A, was also analyzed for comparison. Results: The kinetic analysis of the midazolam 1-hydroxylase activity measured in microsomes from five human liver samples indicated K m values (mean ± SD) of 5.8 ± 4.9 μM, and Vmax values of 1.7 ± 1.4 nmol min−1 per mg microsomal protein in all the samples used in the study. Of the 14 substances analyzed, adrenaline, serotonin, and 5-hydroxytriptofol were full inhibitors of CYP3A enzyme activity (Ki values of 42.3, 26.4, and 43 μM, respectively). The remaining substances were weak inhibitors or had no inhibitory effect. Conclusion: Brain CYP3A activity could be modulated by some neurotransmitters and precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050733
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Non-Maxwellian Steady Distribution for One-Dimensional Granular Media (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 91 (1998), S. 979-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Granular media ; inelastic collisions, kinetic equations ; Fokker–Planck
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a nonlinear Fokker–Planck equation for a one-dimensional granular medium. This is a kinetic approximation of a system of nearly elastic particles in a thermal bath. We prove that homogeneous solutions tend asymptotically in time toward a unique non-Maxwellian stationary distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023032000560
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Some Properties of Kinetic and Hydrodynamic Equations for Inelastic Interactions (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 98 (2000), S. 743-773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: homogeneous inelastic Boltzmann ; large-time asymptotics ; self-similar solutions ; hydrodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate a Boltzmann equation for inelastic scattering in which the relative velocity in the collision frequency is approximated by the thermal speed. The inelasticity is given by a velocity variable restitution coefficient. This equation is the analog to the Boltzmann classical equation for Maxwellian molecules. We study the homogeneous regime using Fourier analysis methods. We analyze the existence and uniqueness questions, the linearized operator around the Dirac delta function, self-similar solutions and moment equations. We clarify the conditions under which self-similar solutions describe the asymptotic behavior of the homogeneous equation. We obtain formally a hydrodynamic description for near elastic particles under the assumption of constant and variable restitution coefficient. We describe the linear long-wave stability/instability for homogeneous cooling states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018627625800
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrum of γ-Fluids: A statistical derivation (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of theoretical physics 35 (1996), S. 2013-2018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9575
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spectrum of massless bosonic and fermionic fluids satisfying the equation of statep=(γ−1)ρ is derived using elementary statistical methods. As a limiting case, the Lorentz-invariant spectrum of the vacuum (γ=0,p=−ρ) is deduced. These results are in agreement with our earlier derivation for bosons using thermodynamics and semiclassical considerations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02302425
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy Levels of Interacting Fields in a Box (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of theoretical physics 38 (1999), S. 2185-2196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9575
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the influence of boundary conditions on energy levels of interacting fields in a box and discuss some consequences when we hange the size of the box. In order to do this we calculate the energy levels of bound states of a scalar massive field χ nteracting with another scalar field φ through the Lagrangian $$\mathcal{L}_{\operatorname{int} } $$ = $$\frac{3}{2}g\phi ^2 \mathcal{X}^2 $$ 〉 in a one-dimensional box on which we impose Dirichlet boundary conditions. We find that the gap between the bound states changes with the size of the box in a nontrivial way. For the case where the masses of the two fields are equal and for large box the energy levels of Dashen-Hasslacher-Neveu (DHN model) are recovered and we have a kind of boson condensate for the ground state. Below a critical box size $$L \sim 2.93\left( {2\sqrt 2 /M} \right)$$ the ground-state level splits, which we interpret as particle-antiparticle production under small perturbations of box size. Below other critical sizes, $$L \sim \left( {6/10} \right)\left( {2\sqrt 2 /M} \right)$$ and $$L \sim 1.17\left( {2\sqrt 2 /M} \right)$$ , of the box, the ground state and firstexcited state merge in the continuum part of the spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026674307336
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exponential convergence toward equilibrium for homogeneous Fokker-Planck-type equations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1269-1286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider homogeneous solutions of the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation in plasma theory proving that they reach the equilibrium with a time exponential rate in various norms. By Csiszar-Kullback inequality, strong L1-convergence is a consequence of the ‘sharp’ exponential decay of relative entropy and relative Fisher information. To prove exponential strong decay in Sobolev spaces Hk, k ≥ 0, we take into account the smoothing effect of the Fokker-Planck kernel. Finally, we prove that in a metric for probability distributions recently introduced in [9] and studied in [4, 14] the decay towards equilibrium is exponential at a rate depending on the number of moments bounded initially. Uniform bounds on the solution in various norms are then combined, by interpolation inequalities, with the convergence in this weak metric, to recover the optimal rate of decay in Sobolev spaces. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Particle Interactions Mediated by Dynamical Networks: Assessment of Macroscopic Descriptions (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-17
    Print ISSN: 0938-8974
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1467
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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