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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-01-08
    Description: JMJD5, a Jumonji C domain-containing dioxygenase, is important for embryonic development and cancer growth. Here, we show that JMJD5 is up-regulated by hypoxia and is crucial for hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. JMJD5 interacts directly with pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme (PKM)2 to modulate metabolic flux in cancer cells. The JMJD5-PKM2 interaction resides...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: We report on the possible detection of a 55-d X-ray modulation for the ultraluminous accreting pulsar M82 X–2 from archival Chandra observations. Because M82 X–2 is known to have a 2.5-d orbital period, if the 55-d period is real, then it will be the superorbital period of the system. We also investigated variabilities of three other nearby ultraluminous X-ray sources in the central region of M82 with the Chandra data, and we did not find any evidence of periodicities. Furthermore, we re-examined the previously reported 62-d periodicity near the central region of M82 by performing a systematic timing study with all the archival Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer and Swift data. Using various dynamic timing analysis methods, we have confirmed that the 62-d period is not stable, suggesting that it is not the orbital period of M82 X–1; this is in agreement with previous work.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-10-10
    Description: We use entropy to characterize intrinsic ageing properties of the human brain. Analysis of fMRI data from a large dataset of individuals, using resting state BOLD signals, demonstrated that a functional entropy associated with brain activity increases with age. During an average lifespan, the entropy, which was calculated from a population of individuals, increased by approximately 0.1 bits, due to correlations in BOLD activity becoming more widely distributed. We attribute this to the number of excitatory neurons and the excitatory conductance decreasing with age. Incorporating these properties into a computational model leads to quantitatively similar results to the fMRI data. Our dataset involved males and females and we found significant differences between them. The entropy of males at birth was lower than that of females. However, the entropies of the two sexes increase at different rates, and intersect at approximately 50 years; after this age, males have a larger entropy. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep02853
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2009-03-27
    Description: Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) change location during development and circulate in mammals throughout life, moving into and out of the bloodstream to engage bone marrow niches in sequential steps of homing, engraftment and retention. Here we show that HSPC engraftment of bone marrow in fetal development is dependent on the guanine-nucleotide-binding protein stimulatory alpha subunit (Galpha(s)). HSPCs from adult mice deficient in Galpha(s) (Galpha(s)(-/-)) differentiate and undergo chemotaxis, but also do not home to or engraft in the bone marrow in adult mice and demonstrate a marked inability to engage the marrow microvasculature. If deleted after engraftment, Galpha(s) deficiency did not lead to lack of retention in the marrow, rather cytokine-induced mobilization into the blood was impaired. Testing whether activation of Galpha(s) affects HSPCs, pharmacological activators enhanced homing and engraftment in vivo. Galpha(s) governs specific aspects of HSPC localization under physiological conditions in vivo and may be pharmacologically targeted to improve transplantation efficiency.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2761017/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2761017/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, Gregor B -- Alley, Ian R -- Chung, Ung-Il -- Chabner, Karissa T -- Jeanson, Nathaniel T -- Lo Celso, Cristina -- Marsters, Emily S -- Chen, Min -- Weinstein, Lee S -- Lin, Charles P -- Kronenberg, Henry M -- Scadden, David T -- U54 HL081030/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HL081030-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 7;459(7243):103-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07859. Epub 2009 Mar 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19322176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bone Marrow/drug effects/embryology/*physiology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation/physiology ; Cell Movement/drug effects/physiology ; Cholera Toxin/pharmacology ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics/*metabolism ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Signal Transduction/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2008-12-05
    Description: Stem cells reside in a specialized, regulatory environment termed the niche that dictates how they generate, maintain and repair tissues. We have previously documented that transplanted haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations localize to subdomains of bone-marrow microvessels where the chemokine CXCL12 is particularly abundant. Using a combination of high-resolution confocal microscopy and two-photon video imaging of individual haematopoietic cells in the calvarium bone marrow of living mice over time, we examine the relationship of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to blood vessels, osteoblasts and endosteal surface as they home and engraft in irradiated and c-Kit-receptor-deficient recipient mice. Osteoblasts were enmeshed in microvessels and relative positioning of stem/progenitor cells within this complex tissue was nonrandom and dynamic. Both cell autonomous and non-autonomous factors influenced primitive cell localization. Different haematopoietic cell subsets localized to distinct locations according to the stage of differentiation. When physiological challenges drove either engraftment or expansion, bone-marrow stem/progenitor cells assumed positions in close proximity to bone and osteoblasts. Our analysis permits observing in real time, at a single cell level, processes that previously have been studied only by their long-term outcome at the organismal level.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2820276/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2820276/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lo Celso, Cristina -- Fleming, Heather E -- Wu, Juwell W -- Zhao, Cher X -- Miake-Lye, Sam -- Fujisaki, Joji -- Cote, Daniel -- Rowe, David W -- Lin, Charles P -- Scadden, David T -- R01 EY014106/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY014106-05/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 1;457(7225):92-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07434. Epub 2008 Dec 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Vessels/cytology ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Division ; Cell Separation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Osteoblasts/cytology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics/metabolism ; Skull/cytology ; Stem Cell Niche/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1991-11-22
    Description: A technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developed for noninvasive cross-sectional imaging in biological systems. OCT uses low-coherence interferometry to produce a two-dimensional image of optical scattering from internal tissue microstructures in a way that is analogous to ultrasonic pulse-echo imaging. OCT has longitudinal and lateral spatial resolutions of a few micrometers and can detect reflected signals as small as approximately 10(-10) of the incident optical power. Tomographic imaging is demonstrated in vitro in the peripapillary area of the retina and in the coronary artery, two clinically relevant examples that are representative of transparent and turbid media, respectively.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638169/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638169/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, D -- Swanson, E A -- Lin, C P -- Schuman, J S -- Stinson, W G -- Chang, W -- Hee, M R -- Flotte, T -- Gregory, K -- Puliafito, C A -- 1-R01-GM35459-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM035459/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 22;254(5035):1178-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1957169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Coronary Disease/diagnosis ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; In Vitro Techniques ; Retinal Diseases/diagnosis/pathology ; Tomography/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-06-10
    Description: Stem cells reside in a specialized regulatory microenvironment or niche, where they receive appropriate support for maintaining self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capacity. The niche may also protect stem cells from environmental insults including cytotoxic chemotherapy and perhaps pathogenic immunity. The testis, hair follicle and placenta are all sites of residence for stem cells and are immune-suppressive environments, called immune-privileged sites, where multiple mechanisms cooperate to prevent immune attack, even enabling prolonged survival of foreign allografts without immunosuppression. We sought to determine if somatic stem-cell niches more broadly are immune-privileged sites by examining the haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) niche in the bone marrow, a site where immune reactivity exists. We observed persistence of HSPCs from allogeneic donor mice (allo-HSPCs) in non-irradiated recipient mice for 30 days without immunosuppression with the same survival frequency compared to syngeneic HSPCs. These HSPCs were lost after the depletion of FoxP3 regulatory T (T(reg)) cells. High-resolution in vivo imaging over time demonstrated marked co-localization of HSPCs with T(reg) cells that accumulated on the endosteal surface in the calvarial and trabecular bone marrow. T(reg) cells seem to participate in creating a localized zone where HSPCs reside and where T(reg) cells are necessary for allo-HSPC persistence. In addition to processes supporting stem-cell function, the niche will provide a relative sanctuary from immune attack.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3725645/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3725645/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fujisaki, Joji -- Wu, Juwell -- Carlson, Alicia L -- Silberstein, Lev -- Putheti, Prabhakar -- Larocca, Rafael -- Gao, Wenda -- Saito, Toshiki I -- Lo Celso, Cristina -- Tsuyuzaki, Hitoshi -- Sato, Tatsuyuki -- Cote, Daniel -- Sykes, Megan -- Strom, Terry B -- Scadden, David T -- Lin, Charles P -- AI041521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA111519/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL097748/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL97794/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI041521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI073748/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA111519/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA111519-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097748/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097748-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097794/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097794-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jun 8;474(7350):216-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10160.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. jfujisaki@partners.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21654805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Graft Survival/*immunology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/*immunology ; Humans ; *Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Interleukin-10/deficiency/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Stem Cell Niche/cytology/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology/metabolism ; Time Factors ; Transplantation, Homologous/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-07-06
    Description: During progression of atherosclerosis, myeloid cells destabilize lipid-rich plaques in the arterial wall and cause their rupture, thus triggering myocardial infarction and stroke. Survivors of acute coronary syndromes have a high risk of recurrent events for unknown reasons. Here we show that the systemic response to ischaemic injury aggravates chronic atherosclerosis. After myocardial infarction or stroke, Apoe-/- mice developed larger atherosclerotic lesions with a more advanced morphology. This disease acceleration persisted over many weeks and was associated with markedly increased monocyte recruitment. Seeking the source of surplus monocytes in plaques, we found that myocardial infarction liberated haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from bone marrow niches via sympathetic nervous system signalling. The progenitors then seeded the spleen, yielding a sustained boost in monocyte production. These observations provide new mechanistic insight into atherogenesis and provide a novel therapeutic opportunity to mitigate disease progression.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3401326/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3401326/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dutta, Partha -- Courties, Gabriel -- Wei, Ying -- Leuschner, Florian -- Gorbatov, Rostic -- Robbins, Clinton S -- Iwamoto, Yoshiko -- Thompson, Brian -- Carlson, Alicia L -- Heidt, Timo -- Majmudar, Maulik D -- Lasitschka, Felix -- Etzrodt, Martin -- Waterman, Peter -- Waring, Michael T -- Chicoine, Adam T -- van der Laan, Anja M -- Niessen, Hans W M -- Piek, Jan J -- Rubin, Barry B -- Butany, Jagdish -- Stone, James R -- Katus, Hugo A -- Murphy, Sabina A -- Morrow, David A -- Sabatine, Marc S -- Vinegoni, Claudio -- Moskowitz, Michael A -- Pittet, Mikael J -- Libby, Peter -- Lin, Charles P -- Swirski, Filip K -- Weissleder, Ralph -- Nahrendorf, Matthias -- P50-CA086355/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084880/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB006432/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL095612/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL095629/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096576/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-EB006432/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL095629/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL096576/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA079443/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA79443/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 19;487(7407):325-9. doi: 10.1038/nature11260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22763456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Atherosclerosis/*etiology/*pathology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology ; Inflammation/complications ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes/cytology ; Myocardial Infarction/*complications/*pathology ; Spleen/cytology ; Stem Cells/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-07-18
    Description: Corneal epithelial homeostasis and regeneration are sustained by limbal stem cells (LSCs), and LSC deficiency is a major cause of blindness worldwide. Transplantation is often the only therapeutic option available to patients with LSC deficiency. However, while transplant success depends foremost on LSC frequency within grafts, a gene allowing for prospective LSC enrichment has not been identified so far. Here we show that ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 5 (ABCB5) marks LSCs and is required for LSC maintenance, corneal development and repair. Furthermore, we demonstrate that prospectively isolated human or murine ABCB5-positive LSCs possess the exclusive capacity to fully restore the cornea upon grafting to LSC-deficient mice in xenogeneic or syngeneic transplantation models. ABCB5 is preferentially expressed on label-retaining LSCs in mice and p63alpha-positive LSCs in humans. Consistent with these findings, ABCB5-positive LSC frequency is reduced in LSC-deficient patients. Abcb5 loss of function in Abcb5 knockout mice causes depletion of quiescent LSCs due to enhanced proliferation and apoptosis, and results in defective corneal differentiation and wound healing. Our results from gene knockout studies, LSC tracing and transplantation models, as well as phenotypic and functional analyses of human biopsy specimens, provide converging lines of evidence that ABCB5 identifies mammalian LSCs. Identification and prospective isolation of molecularly defined LSCs with essential functions in corneal development and repair has important implications for the treatment of corneal disease, particularly corneal blindness due to LSC deficiency.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246512/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246512/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ksander, Bruce R -- Kolovou, Paraskevi E -- Wilson, Brian J -- Saab, Karim R -- Guo, Qin -- Ma, Jie -- McGuire, Sean P -- Gregory, Meredith S -- Vincent, William J B -- Perez, Victor L -- Cruz-Guilloty, Fernando -- Kao, Winston W Y -- Call, Mindy K -- Tucker, Budd A -- Zhan, Qian -- Murphy, George F -- Lathrop, Kira L -- Alt, Clemens -- Mortensen, Luke J -- Lin, Charles P -- Zieske, James D -- Frank, Markus H -- Frank, Natasha Y -- DP2 OD007483/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2OD007483/OD/NIH HHS/ -- EY08098/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- I01 BX000516/BX/BLRD VA/ -- I01 RX000989/RX/RRD VA/ -- K08 NS051349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08NS051349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY014801/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30EY014801/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P41EB015903/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA113796/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA138231/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA158467/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB017274/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01CA113796/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA138231/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA158467/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY018624/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY021768/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- U01HL100402/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jul 17;511(7509):353-7. doi: 10.1038/nature13426. Epub 2014 Jul 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2]. ; 1] Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA. ; 1] Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA [2] Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA. ; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. ; Stephen A Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine & Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. ; Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; 1] Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138, USA [4]. ; 1] Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA [2] Transplant Research Program, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02138, USA [4] Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [5].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25030174" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/deficiency/*metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Humans ; Limbus Corneae/*cytology/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; P-Glycoprotein/deficiency/*metabolism ; *Regeneration ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; *Wound Healing
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-03-05
    Description: Characterization of how the microenvironment, or niche, regulates stem cell activity is central to understanding stem cell biology and to developing strategies for the therapeutic manipulation of stem cells. Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) is commonly thought to be a shared niche characteristic in maintaining quiescence in multiple stem cell types. However, support for the existence of a hypoxic niche has largely come from indirect evidence such as proteomic analysis, expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (Hif-1alpha) and related genes, and staining with surrogate hypoxic markers (for example, pimonidazole). Here we perform direct in vivo measurements of local oxygen tension (pO2) in the bone marrow of live mice. Using two-photon phosphorescence lifetime microscopy, we determined the absolute pO2 of the bone marrow to be quite low (〈32 mm Hg) despite very high vascular density. We further uncovered heterogeneities in local pO2, with the lowest pO2 ( approximately 9.9 mm Hg, or 1.3%) found in deeper peri-sinusoidal regions. The endosteal region, by contrast, is less hypoxic as it is perfused with small arteries that are often positive for the marker nestin. These pO2 values change markedly after radiation and chemotherapy, pointing to the role of stress in altering the stem cell metabolic microenvironment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984353/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984353/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spencer, Joel A -- Ferraro, Francesca -- Roussakis, Emmanuel -- Klein, Alyssa -- Wu, Juwell -- Runnels, Judith M -- Zaher, Walid -- Mortensen, Luke J -- Alt, Clemens -- Turcotte, Raphael -- Yusuf, Rushdia -- Cote, Daniel -- Vinogradov, Sergei A -- Scadden, David T -- Lin, Charles P -- EB017274/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- HL096372/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL097748/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL097794/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB014703/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 EB017274/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097748/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097794/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R03 HL096372/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100402/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 10;508(7495):269-73. doi: 10.1038/nature13034. Epub 2014 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [3] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA. ; 1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA [3] Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ; 1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; 1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; 1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [3] Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. ; 1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [3] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; Departement de Physique, Genie Physique et Optique and Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Sante Mentale de Quebec, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada. ; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; 1] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [2] Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [3] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24590072" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anoxia/diagnosis/metabolism ; Arteries/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/blood supply/drug effects/*metabolism/radiation effects ; Busulfan/pharmacology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Luminescent Measurements ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy ; Nestin/metabolism ; Oxygen/*analysis/metabolism ; Photons ; Stem Cell Niche/drug effects/radiation effects
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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