Publication Date:
2005-12-13
Description:
Snake presynaptic phospholipase A2 neurotoxins (SPANs) paralyze the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Upon intoxication, the NMJ enlarges and has a reduced content of synaptic vesicles, and primary neuronal cultures show synaptic swelling with surface exposure of the lumenal domain of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptotagmin I. Concomitantly, these neurotoxins induce exocytosis of neurotransmitters. We found that an equimolar mixture of lysophospholipids and fatty acids closely mimics all of the biological effects of SPANs. These results draw attention to the possible role of local lipid changes in synaptic vesicle release and provide new tools for the study of exocytosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rigoni, Michela -- Caccin, Paola -- Gschmeissner, Steve -- Koster, Grielof -- Postle, Anthony D -- Rossetto, Ornella -- Schiavo, Giampietro -- Montecucco, Cesare -- GP0272Y01/Telethon/Italy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1678-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Cells, Cultured
;
Elapid Venoms/toxicity
;
Esterification
;
Exocytosis
;
Fatty Acids/*metabolism/toxicity
;
Glutamic Acid/metabolism
;
Hydrolysis
;
Kinetics
;
Lipid Bilayers
;
Lysophospholipids/*metabolism/toxicity
;
Male
;
Mass Spectrometry
;
Membrane Fusion
;
Membrane Lipids/metabolism
;
Mice
;
Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/metabolism/physiology
;
Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure
;
Neurotoxins/*metabolism/toxicity
;
Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism
;
Phospholipases A/*metabolism/toxicity
;
Phospholipases A2
;
Synapses/drug effects/ultrastructure
;
Synaptic Membranes/metabolism/*physiology
;
Synaptic Vesicles/drug effects/physiology/ultrastructure
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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