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Contribution to the ecotoxicological study of cadmium, copper and zinc in the mussel Mytilus edulis (1986)

Amiard-Triquet, C. ; Berthet, B. ; Metayer, C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Marine biology 92 (1986), S. 7-13

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract A regulation of internal levels of some essential metals has been observed in various animals, whereas the bioaccumulation of several non-essential metals parallels their overloads in water. In the mussel Mytilus edulis L., we have attempted to determine if such a phenomenon exists by comparing the patterns of accumulation of copper and zinc vs cadmium. With this aim, mussels collected in the Bay of Bourgneuf (France) in November 1983 were exposed to these metals for 16 d. At external levels of zinc as high as 100 μgl-1, mussels were able to maintain a normal concentration in all groups of organs for 4 d. The ability of mussels to limit the bioaccumulation of copper and zinc varied from organ to organ, and decreased with higher levels of contamination and longer periods of exposure. In contrast, at the lowest experimental concentration and the lowest period of exposure, a significant increase of cadmium in mussel tissues was generally observed. Even at the highest sub-lethal doses, the levels of copper and zinc in mussel tissues were not much higher than the natural levels (contaminated:background ratios= 2.3 to 6.1), whereas the bioaccumulation of cadmium was less well restricted (contaminated:background ratios=136 to 192). The use of mussels as a bioindicator of pollution seems doubtful for essential metals, particularly as regards short-term pollution, since the levels of these trace elements in the organisms are largely independent of their concentration in the ambient seawater.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392739

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Contribution to the ecotoxicological study of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in the mussel Mytilus edulis (1986)

Amiard, J. C. ; Amiard-Triquet, C. ; Berthet, B. ; [et al.]

Springer

Marine biology 90 (1986), S. 425-431

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The understanding of natural fluctuations of metal concentrations in mussels used as bio-indicators is indispensable for a good assessment of the disturbances due to pollution. We have studied thoroughly the factors which condition bioaccumulation by using controlled populations of mussels, Mytilus edulis L., sampled monthly over more than two years (March 1982–May 1984) in the Bay of Bourgneuf, France. Seasonal changes in metal levels have been recognized, maximum values being observed in winter and early spring and minimum in later spring and summer. Depending on metal and size group, the ratios between these maximum and minimum values varied between 1.56 and 3.43. The fluctuations in soft-tissue weight appear to be the main explanatory factor of seasonal variations in metal concentrations in mussels. Fluctuations in metal levels related to size of mussels were observed. Except for cadmium in mussels with a mean dry weight of soft tissues 〉0.2 g, a slight decrease in metal concentrations was observed for growing individuals: the regression coefficient b was -0.10, -0.11, -0.13 and -0.27 for Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb, respectively. The metals examined were rather uniformly distributed among the different groups of organs (visceral mass, gills and palps, “remainder”) and, consequently, several analyses of metals in different organs do not provide much more information than one analysis on the whole soft tissues. It is concluded that fluctuations related to size or season are reflected by only moderate differences in the maximum and minimum concentrations of metals in the mussels, but that they are nevertheless sufficient to conceal low chronic or short-term pollution, except at those sites where the “normal” environmental conditions are well-documented.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428566

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3

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Do toxicity and accumulation of copper change during size reduction in the marine pennate diatom Haslea ostrearia? (2000)

Joux-Arab, L. ; Berthet, B. ; Robert, J. -M.

Springer

Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 323-330

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract One of the best-known features of diatom biology is the reduction in mean cell size during vegetative multiplication by binary fission. We examined changes in copper toxicity and copper accumulation during cell-size reduction in Haslea ostrearia (Simonsen), a pennate diatom responsible for greening in oyster-ponds. We selected three strains with apical axes of different lengths: 40 μm (S40), 65 μm (S65) and 85 μm (S85). Each strain was grown separately in batch culture and exposed to a range of copper overloads (0 to 1.57 μM) that were added to the culture immediately after cell inoculation. Significant differences in sensitivity to copper were observed among the three strains. S85 exhibited highest sensitivity, followed by S40, while S65 displayed the highest tolerance. After 5 to 6 d exposure to 0.47 μM copper, chlorophyll a, carbohydrate, protein and lipid content per g dry weight had not changed in any of the three strains studied, except for a decrease of 16% in chlorophyll a in S85. At the end of the growth period with 0.47 μM copper, the amount of metal per unit surface area was similar for all strains, but the quantity of intracellular copper per g dry weight was lower in S65 cells than in S40 and S85 cells. Notable differences in the kinetics of both adsorbed and intracellular copper were observed between S40 and S85. Our results suggest that tolerance mechanisms may change during the vegetative life of H. ostrearia. The differential sensitivities of the strains suggest that copper pollution may alter the cell composition of natural populations of H. ostrearia by inducing selection for smaller cell size. Since auxosporulation results in the formation of larger cells with a higher sensitivity to copper, H. ostrearia could gradually disappear from copper-contaminated environments. In addition, by inducing smaller cell size, copper contamination would have an impact on filter-feeders such as oysters, whose diet is largely composed of diatoms.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050690

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4

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High-spin states in68Ga (1976)

Morand, C. ; Berthet, B. ; Agard, M. ; [et al.]

Springer

The European physical journal 278 (1976), S. 189-199

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ISSN: 1434-601X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Physics

Notes: Abstract The68Ga nucleus has been studied via the reactions65Cu(α, nγ)68Ga atE α=12–21 MeV and66Zn(α, p nγ)68Ga atE α=25–40 MeV. The level scheme has been established by means of relative yield functions, electronic timing measurements, prompt and delayedγ-γ coincidences, angular distributions and directional orientation coÏncidences. Spins up to 11+ were assigned to levels up to 4 MeV excitation and the higher ones were interpreted by coupling a67Ga core with a (v 1 g9/2) neutron.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01437775

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5

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Etude expérimentale de la relation entre la forme physicochimique du zinc et sa disponibilité à l'égard de végétaux cultivés. Application à l'utilisation agricole de boues de stations d'épuration (1984)

Berthet, B. ; Amiard, J. C. ; Amiard-Triquet, C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant and soil 82 (1984), S. 231-246

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ISSN: 1573-5036

Keywords: Bioavailability ; Sewage sludge ; Zinc

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary In order to appraise the relation between the physico-chemical forms of Zn and its availability to plants or water, we introduced various forms of this element in experimental systems according to whether it was associated with soil, mineral fertilizers or sewage sludges. These sludges were rich in organic matter and carbonates and one of them contained iron and aluminium oxides and hydroxides. The physico-chemical forms of Zn in soils and sludges were determined following a selective extraction procedure which showed that only a small amount of this metal was associated with the easily available phase. In accordance with these results, the exportsvia vegetables and leached waters were very low, regardless of the treatment.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220250

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6

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Étude des voies de transfert du plomb de l'environnement aux végétaux cultivés; Application á l'utilisation agricole de boues de station d'épuration (1984)

Berthet, B. ; Amiard-Triquet, C. ; Metayer, C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Water, air & soil pollution 21 (1984), S. 447-460

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ISSN: 1573-2932

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract The physico-chemical forms of Pb and its circulation through water or air, condition its biological accumulation. In order to appraise the relative importance of each vector, we have used this element in experimental systems under various forms according as it was associated with the soil, with mineral fertilizers or with sewage sludges. These sludges contained important quantities of organic matter and carbonate and, for some of them, of Fe and Al oxides and hydroxides. The cultural systems were submitted to natural atmospheric conditions. Selective extraction procedures showed the very small availability of Pb in the sewage sludges and in the soils. That is in accordance with the insignificant exports via vegetables and leached waters. Whatever the treatment may be, the Pb falls out particularly on the green parts of vegetables and, in a lesser extent, in the non-tuberous roots, showing the predominance of atmospheric pollutions. No appreciable migration to reproductive and reserve organs have been observed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163645

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7

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Etude de la forme physico-chimique et de la biodisponibilite du cuivre dans des systemes culturaux experimentaux; Application a l'utilisation agricole de bodes de station d'epuration (1984)

Berthet, B. ; Metayer, C. ; Amiard, J. C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Water, air & soil pollution 23 (1984), S. 293-307

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ISSN: 1573-2932

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283205

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8

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Études in situ et expérimentales de l'écotoxicologie de quatre métaux (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) chez des algues et des mollusques gastéropodes brouteurs (1987)

Amiard-Triquet, C. ; Metayer, C. ; Amiard, J. C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Water, air & soil pollution 34 (1987), S. 11-30

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ISSN: 1573-2932

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Résumé Dans une zone peu polluée, des prélèvements mensuels d'eau de mer, d'Algues et de Gastéropodes brouteurs ont été effectués pendant plus de deux ans. Dans de nombreux cas (variables selon les espèces et les métaux) les différences de concentrations d'origine naturelle seront voisines des variations dues à des pollutions modérées. Les différences inter-taxons des concentrations de Cd et Pb étant aussi importantes que les différences entre niveaux trophiques, on peut considérer qu'il n'intervient pas de biomagnification de ces métaux dans la chaîne alimentaire Algues → Gastéropodes. De plus, les contaminations expérimentales par Cd montrent que la Littorine accumule fortement le métal en solution. L'origine des fortes concentrations de Cu observées in situ chez les Gastéropodes par rapport aux Algues reste inconnue. Les niveaux de Zn dans les consommateurs primaires sont égaux ou supérieurs à ceux rencontrés dans leur nourriture. Toutefois les expériences de contamination rapportées dans la présente étude et les données bibliographiques indiquent que les métaux essentiels Cu et Zn sont régulés, an moins pour une contamination modérée de l'eau et/ou de la nourriture. En conséquence, dans les zones modérément polluées, les niveaux de Cu et Zn dans les Gastéropodes seront relativement indépendants de la concentration de ces métaux dans l'environnement. Des pollutions aiguës pourraient même ne pas être détectées, de fortes contaminations par le zinc ne perturbant pas à court terme sa bioaccumulation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176864

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