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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of acid extractable bean leaf proteins induced by mercuric chloride treatment and alfalfa mosaic virus infection. Partial purification and characterization
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 45 (1986), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; bean pathogenesis related proteins ; mercuric chloride
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(86)90136-6
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer RNA gene mapping studies on chloroplast DNA from Chlamydomonas reinhardii
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 39 (1985), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas reinhardii ; chloroplast DNA ; tRNA
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(85)90104-9
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyanidin 3-malonylglucoside in two Echinacea species
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 28 (1989), S. 3246-3247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Compositae ; Echinacea ; malonated anthocyanins.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9422(89)80321-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional measurement of bone calcium accretion rate and exchangeable pool with a whole-body counter: Method and studies in subjects without bone disease (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Calcium metabolism ; Whole-body counting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A whole-body counter was used to measure the retention and distribution of radioactivity along the longitudinal axis of the body during 10 days after the intravenous injection of 50 µCi of47Ca. These data and the simultaneous measurements of the serum specific activity allowed us to calculate, by the Bauer-Carlsson-Lindquist (BCL) formulas generalized by Marshall, the calcium accretion rate and exchangeable pool in 7 areas: skull, thorax, pelvis, thighs, knees, legs, and ankles and feet. For the whole body, the accretion rate was 336±115 mg/24 h, and the exchangeable pool 5668±1221 mg, in 26 subjects without bone disease. Both parameters were significantly correlated with body height; the exchangeable pool was significantly higher in men than in women. The accretion rate and exchangeable pool expressed on a basis of bone content varied widely from one area to another, reflecting the ratio of spongy to compact bone: the thorax, pelvis, and arms, which contain 49% of the skeletal mass, accounted for 57% of the total accretion rate and 53% of the exchangeable pool; the skull, 18% of the skeletal mass, accounted for 14% of the accretion and 11% of the pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405001
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demineralization and pathological physiology of the skeleton in paraplegic rats (1980)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 30 (1980), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Paraplegia ; Bone mineral ; Bone blood flow ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The mechanism of bone loss after a spinal cord section with paraplegia is still largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate in paraplegic rats the rate and distribution of bone loss, changes in bone calcium metabolism, and bone blood flow. Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 100–120 days were rendered paraplegic by sectioning the spinal cord at the 11th dorsal vertebra. By comparison with their sham-operated controls (SO controls), we found a diminished bone calcium content in the tibia and femur (paralyzed region) and in the humerus (supralesional region) of the paraplegic animals. In the femur bone calcium loss was present within a week and at 12 weeks had reached 22%; in the tibia it started at about 2 weeks and at 12 weeks had reached 15%; in the humerus it started at about 5 weeks and reached 7.5%. It was not uniform and was greatest in the metaphyseal-epiphyseal regions on either side of the femorotibial joint. The blood flow in femur and tibia was measured by the technique of arteriolar blockade of 15 µm microspheres. It was continuously higher in the paraplegic animals than in the SO controls, from 1 to 12 weeks. In both groups, paraplegics and controls, the bone blood flow was unequally distributed in the two bones; it was greatest in the same metaphyseal-epiphyseal regions contiguous to the femorotibial joint. The 72 h45Ca clearance by the femur and tibia was lower in the paraplegic animals, indicating that bone deposition had slowed down and perhaps that resorption had occurred. The fact that the site of maximum bone calcium loss and the site where the blood flow was greatest are the same suggests a close relationship between the increased blood flow and demineralization, whether it be causal or not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408611
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between the fractional isotopic calcium absorption and an oral calcium tolerance test (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 819-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium absorption ; Hypercalciuria ; Calcium load
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary In 27 subjects with several disorders of calcium metabolism, the fractional intestinal absorption of47CaCl2 was rather poorly correlated with the urinary output of calcium or with the maximal increase of serum calcium after an oral calcium load. Conversely, a good correlation was observed with the product of these parameters. We propose that this product be used as an estimate of intestinal calcium absorption when a radioisotopic method is not available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405130
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative ultrasound bone measurements: Normal values and comparison with bone mineral density by dual X-ray absorptiometry (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 6-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Ultrasound bone measurements ; Calcaneus ; Healthy subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Normative data for qualitative ultrasound (QUS) measurements: speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness were established in 118 healthy women aged 20–86 years and in 42 healthy men aged 22–76 years. The relations between age, weight, height, and QUS were studied. QUS measurements were negatively correlated with age in both sexes. In women, age was accepted as first factor (R2=0.39 for SOS, 0.35 for BUA, and 0.45 for stiffness, P〈0.001); weight was accepted as second factor for BUA (R2=0.44, P〈0.001). In men, age was the only significant parameter (R2=0.41 for SOS, 0.39 for BUA, 0.43 for stiffness, P〈0.001). QUS measurements of the right and the left feet were highly correlated unless unilateral foot pathology such as algodystrophy was present. Significant correlations were found between QUS of the calcaneus and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine (R=0.67, P〈0.01 for SOS; R=0.57 P〈0.02 for BUA; R=0.65, P〈0.01 for stiffness).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298988
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased Osteoclast-Like Cells Formation in Long-Term Bone Marrow Cultures from Patients with a Spinal Cord Injury (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 396-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone — Paraplegia — Disuse osteoporosis — Osteoclast-like cells — Immobilization.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Patients with a spinal cord section loose a significant amount of bone. After paraplegia, bone loss occurs below the lesional level and is the more dramatic in iliac bones and in the metaphyseal area of long bones. A peak of urinary calcium and hydroxyprolinuria is observed approximately 6 weeks after their lesion. To further understand the mechanisms underlying the bone damage, we used long-term bone marrow cultures to compare osteoclast-like (OCL-like) cell formation above and below the lesional level. Seven paraplegic, one quadriparetic, one quadriplegic patients and five normal subjects were investigated. Six weeks after their spinal cord section, the number of OCL-like cells formed in iliac bone marrow cultures was significantly greater than those formed in sternal bone marrow cultures for all paraplegic patients tested. No significant differences were seen between iliac and sternal bone marrow cultures for the quadriparetic, the quadriplegic patient, or for the five normal subjects. Conditioned media (CM) from iliac marrow of paraplegic patients increased OCL-like cell formation in normal bone marrow cultures. IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and PGE2 were measured in the CM after 3 weeks of culture. IL-6 was found to be significantly higher in iliac CM compared with sternal CM in six out of seven paraplegic patients. In two patients, addition of an anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody to the marrow cultures significantly decreased the number of OCL-like cells formed at 3 weeks. We conclude that paraplegia caused by a cord section locally induces an increase in the capacity of progenitors to form OCL-like cells in long-term bone marrow cultures. A locally increased IL-6 production in the marrow below the lesional level could be partly responsible for this observation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900547
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole body and regional retention of99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate at 24 hours: Physiological basis of the method for assessing the metabolism of bone in disease (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: 99mTc-pyrophosphate ; Bone metabolism ; Osteoporosis ; Osteomalacia ; Hyperparathyroidism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The retention of99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate (PPi) at 24 h was measured in 235 patients, 119 of whom had a normal bone metabolism. The mean retention in the group of normal subjects is 52% of the injected dose. Reproducibility of the measurement in a given person is 5.5% coefficient of variation (CV). The value depends strongly on sex (higher in males) and age (higher with increasing age, especially in cortical bone). Retention increases slowly with the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 50 and 120 ml/min; it rises very rapidly with values below 50 ml/min. The slowing down of the GFR with age does not account for the increase in PPi retention with age. When expressed as a percentage of the expected value for sex and age, retention is frequently low in osteoporosis (P〈.001), more so when urinary hydroxyproline is low; it is normal or high in osteomalacia, and in some cases rises after vitamin D treatment is started; it is high in hyperparathyroidism (P〈.01). The PPi retention is correlated with bone calcium accretion rate, alkaline phosphatase level, and above all, the urinary hydroxyproline level. The lower the bone mineralization (Ca/hydroxyproline ratio in biopsy), the higher the retention value. We conclude that the PPi retention is an index of bone metabolism when GFR is higher than 50 ml/min. It allows for classification of metabolic bone diseases according to the bone turnover rate. It has the advantage over the usual biologic examinations in that it affords better observation of highly localized bone disorders and can be used in combination with a morphologic record, the bone scintigraphy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405004
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combination of immunological and lectin reactions in affinity histochemistry: Proposition of the term affinitin (1979)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 59 (1979), S. 335-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using the series system cell receptor→mistletoe lectin → antiferritin-antibody→ferritin, the possibilities for combination of lectin and immunological reactions for histochemistry are discussed. The system cell antigen→ antibody → labelled mistletoe (or other) lectin is recommended for visualization of cell antigens (mistletoe lectin as common immunoglobulin reagent). It is pointed out that lectin reactions do not belong to immunhistochemistry but to affinity histochemistry. For all receptor specific proteins (antibodies, lectins, enzymes, haptoglobin and other) the term affinitin is proposed. In consideration of this new definition a common scheme is formulated: Affinitin reacts with affinitin receptor forming affinity product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689615
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