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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural determination of [(C5H5)2Mo(H)CO][(C5H5)Mo(CO)3] (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 18 (1979), S. 3020-3023 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50201a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphatase activity and phosphorus fractions in Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell.) forest soils (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 14 (1992), S. 200-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Phosphorus fractions ; Phosphatase ; Eucalyptus diversicolor ; Organic forest soils ; Mineralization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Karri forest soils contain negligible concentrations of labile-P, low concentrations of total P and more P in organic forms than inorganic. The ratio of organic P to inorganic P was lowest (1:2) in recently burnt surface soils and greatest (7:1) at depth in soil that had been undisturbed for long periods of time. Phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities (to 10 cm depth, phosphomonoesterase 700–1300; phosphodiesterase 2000–2400 μg nitrophenol released h-1 g-1 fresh weight) were comparable to those in other, organically rich forest soils. The optimum pH for phosphatase activities were within 1–2 units of soil pH (∼6) and little reduction in activity was observed over the pH range 4–8. Phosphatase activity was reduced by air-drying (up to 20-fold reduction) and was almost entirely absent in soils that were heat-affected as a result of logging/burning operations. Neither phosphomonoesterase nor phosphodiesterase were directly related to soil P fractions or total P. A reduction in P demand is postulated as the cause of reduced phosphatase activity and the increased concentration of organic P with increasing soil depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346061
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus in forest soils in northeastern Tasmania (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 8 (1989), S. 212-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrogen mineralization ; Labile organic phosphorus ; Immobilization ; Microbial P ; Eucalypt forest soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Rates of N mineralization and of N uptake were measured in situ in three eucalypt forests and a cool-temperate rainforest, and were correlated with productivity. All of the soils had a high capacity for immobilization, and nitrification was insignificant. Changes in both organic and inorganic P fractions during in situ containment of soils were small. While the concentration of inorganic available P was not related to forest productivity, a measure of labile organic P was closely related both to productivity and to P in the microbial biomass. Estimates of inorganic- and organic-N availability were highly correlated with independent estimates of organic-P availability, and the results are discussed in relation to biological control of nutrient availability in the surface horizons of forest soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266481
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron, nuclear magnetic resonance, and dielectric study of ion motion in pyridinium hexafluorophosphate (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 9470-9477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extensive investigation of polycrystalline pyridinium hexafluorophosphate and its perdeuterated analog was performed by neutron scattering, NMR, and dielectric methods in a wide temperature range. The results of different spectroscopic methods enabled us to propose a general model of both ion reorientations and to determine their activation parameters. The aging effects observed slightly change the hindering barriers and significantly affect the phase transition temperature and the pyridinium cation dynamics. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472808
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus sources and availability modify growth and distribution of root clusters and nodules of native Australian legumes (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A variety of native Western Australian legumes produced root clusters in sand culture confirming field and published observations. In general, these legumes grew equally well when supplied with organic or inorganic sources of phosphorus. The nitrogen content of shoots and roots varied little among treatments for all species, however, phosphorus content was always greater in plants supplied with inositol-P. The plasticity of root growth in response to localized placement of organic and inorganic sources of phosphorus was demonstrated using a simple ‘split root’ technique. Total root dry weight was, on average, more than doubled in P-amended sand when compared with non-amended sand. Root clusters tended to be produced in areas of relatively high phosphorus concentration and nodules in areas of low phosphorus concentration. Levels of phosphorus in lateral roots grown in P-amended sand were significantly different from lateral roots grown in the corresponding non-amended sand. Growth increases averaging 70% for white sand to over 100% for yellow sand indicated a large degree of ‘plasticity’ in roots under conditions of heterogeneous supply of phosphorus. Spatially exclusive development of organs for the acquisition of nutrients is discussed in relation to requirements for carbon in organ production and maintenance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00867.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon and oxygen isotope composition of organic compounds in the phloem sap provides a short-term measure for stomatal conductance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: At eight different dates during the 2000 growing season, δ13C and δ18O were determined in the phloem of adult beech trees growing in natural beech stands in south-west Germany differing in stand density and local climate. In addition, stand transpiration, precipitation, photosynthetic active radiation, relative air humidity, water pressure deficit of the air, air and soil temperature, soil water potential, and sugar concentration of the phloem sap were determined directly and evaporation and canopy stomatal conductance were modelled. All parameters were related to δ13C. The study aimed to identify the time integral within which the δ13C of organic compounds transported in the phloem is an indicative measure of these environmental influences. δ13C of soluble carbon transported in the phloem was well correlated with mean stomatal conductance in a two-day integral prior to phloem sampling but did not depend on either light intensity or soil water availability. A strong positive relationship between δ13C and δ18O pointed to observed variation in δ13C of phloem sap being a result of variation in stomatal conductance. Bulk leaf δ13C was a poor indicator of changes in environmental conditions during the growing season. From these results we conclude that the analysis of δ13C in soluble carbon transported in the phloem is a reliable indicator of short-term changes in Ci/Ca. In contrast, the δ13C of structural carbon in beech foliage represents an integration of a range of factors that mask short-term influences responsible for Ci/Ca.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01040.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Productivity, carbon isotope discrimination and leaf traits of trees of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in relation to water availability (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The stand basal area, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) in tree rings and leaves, leaf area index and leaf traits of trees were measured in 6- to 8-year-old stands of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. across a gradient of rainfall of 600–1400 mm year−1 in south-western Australia to better understand the importance of leaf traits and gas-exchange as determinants of stand productivity. Δ ranged from 17‰ to 21‰. Δ and basal area were highly, positively correlated with each other and the ratio of mean annual rainfall to potential evaporation (P/PE). Leaf area index, soil water holding capacity and leaf nitrogen content were only weakly correlated with basal area. Δ and P/PE were negatively correlated with leaf nitrogen content. Δ was negatively correlated with leaf density but positively correlated with specific leaf area. This is consistent with the theory that larger leaf nitrogen content and smaller specific leaf area are associated with increased photosynthetic capacity and increased leaf-scale water-use-efficiency, and that Δ is influenced by mesophyll conductance. It is concluded that canopy conductance is a more important determinant of growth in water-limited conditions than either leaf area index or leaf traits in fertilized stands of E. globulus. Water availability was dictated more by rainfall than soil type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01260.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The apparent feed-forward response to vapour pressure deficit of stomata in droughted, field-grown Eucalyptus globulus Labill (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study tested a multiplicative model of stomatal response to environment for drought-affected trees of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. growing in southern Australia. The model incorporates a feed-forward response to vapour pressure deficit of ambient air (δea) and performed well if evaluated using reduced major axis regression and log-transformed   data.   There   was   strong   evidence   from gas-exchange data, leaf water potentials and sapflow measurements of the feed-forward response by stomata to leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (δel). The response of stomata to δel was irreversible. Stomatal conductance and the rate of net photosynthesis were highly correlated and declined, together with the rate of transpiration, throughout the afternoon as δea increased despite increasing leaf water potentials. The concentration of CO2 inside leaves (ci) increased as stomatal conductance declined indicating increasing non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis. The stomatal response to δel of E. globulus in the field is best described as an ‘apparent feed-forward response’ that probably results from both slowly reversible depression of net photosynthesis and abscisic acid accumulation in guard cells. We suggest that the stomatal response to ci may strengthen the link between photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance during leaf drying as a result of either drought or large δ el.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01234.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of N, Rubisco and photosynthesis in Pinus pinaster and acclimation to light (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The light–nitrogen hypothesis suggests canopy photosynthesis is maximized when there is a positive relationship between irradiance received by foliage, its nitrogen content (per unit area Narea), and maximum rate of photosynthesis (Amax). Relationships among relative irradiance and Narea, allocation of nitrogen within the photosynthetic apparatus to Rubisco and chlorophyll, and Amax were examined in Pinus pinaster Ait. needles up to 6 years of age. Measurements were made before bud break in August 1998, and in May 1999 after the first ‘winter’ rains. In August, Narea in P. pinaster needles decreased from 5·1 to 5·7 g m−2 in sunlit 1-year-old needles to 2·3 g m−2 in shaded 6-year-old needles. In May, Narea was 5–40% less but spatial trends were the same. At both sampling dates, Amax was less in old shaded needles compared with young sunlit needles, and was thus consistent with the light–nitrogen hypothesis. Relationships between Narea and Amax were positive at both dates yet varied in strength and form. Allocation of nitrogen within the photosynthetic apparatus was qualitatively consistent with acclimation to light (i.e. Rubisco/Chl decreased with shading), but quantitatively suboptimal with respect to photosynthesis owing to consistent over-investment in Rubisco. This over-investment increased with height in the canopy and was greater in May than in August.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00711.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olfactory sensitivity of the herbivorous grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, to amino acids (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 33 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The olfactory sensitivity of a herbivore, the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, to ten amino acids was investigated using electrophysiological recording techniques. Underwater electroolfactogram recordings increased exponentially with logarithmic increases of stimulus concentration from threshold to 1 × 10−3 m. Calculated detection thresholds ranged from 1 × 10−7.15 m to 1 × 10−8.7 M and are similar to those previously reported for carnivorous fish species. The relative stimulatory efficacy (RSE) of the ten amino acids determined at 1 × 10−4 M revealed five groups of stimuli, with cysteine the most stimulatory and proline the least. Measures of amino acid RSE did not differ significantly from those of previously studied carnivores, except for arginine. Grass carp showed strong responses to this compound, whereas it has produced only limited responses in carnivores. Differences in the responsiveness of herbivores and carnivores were not observed, suggesting that feeding niche segregation is probably not facilitated by differential olfactory sensitivities to feeding stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05454.x
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