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  • 1
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    The leukemogenicity of AML1-ETO is dependent on site-specific lysine acetylation (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: The chromosomal translocations found in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) generate oncogenic fusion transcription factors with aberrant transcriptional regulatory properties. Although therapeutic targeting of most leukemia fusion proteins remains elusive, the posttranslational modifications that control their function could be targetable. We found that AML1-ETO, the fusion protein generated by the t(8;21) translocation, is acetylated by the transcriptional coactivator p300 in leukemia cells isolated from t(8;21) AML patients, and that this acetylation is essential for its self-renewal-promoting effects in human cord blood CD34(+) cells and its leukemogenicity in mouse models. Inhibition of p300 abrogates the acetylation of AML1-ETO and impairs its ability to promote leukemic transformation. Thus, lysine acetyltransferases represent a potential therapeutic target in AML.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251012/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251012/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Lan -- Gural, Alexander -- Sun, Xiao-Jian -- Zhao, Xinyang -- Perna, Fabiana -- Huang, Gang -- Hatlen, Megan A -- Vu, Ly -- Liu, Fan -- Xu, Haiming -- Asai, Takashi -- Xu, Hao -- Deblasio, Tony -- Menendez, Silvia -- Voza, Francesca -- Jiang, Yanwen -- Cole, Philip A -- Zhang, Jinsong -- Melnick, Ari -- Roeder, Robert G -- Nimer, Stephen D -- GM62437/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062437/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062437-12/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 5;333(6043):765-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1201662. Epub 2011 Jul 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/chemistry/*metabolism ; E1A-Associated p300 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Fetal Blood/cytology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*metabolism/pathology ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutant Proteins/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/chemistry/*metabolism ; Preleukemia/metabolism/pathology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Transcriptional Activation ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    BCL6 enables Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells to survive BCR-ABL1 kinase inhibition (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-20
    Description: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely used to treat patients with leukaemia driven by BCR-ABL1 (ref. 1) and other oncogenic tyrosine kinases. Recent efforts have focused on developing more potent TKIs that also inhibit mutant tyrosine kinases. However, even effective TKIs typically fail to eradicate leukaemia-initiating cells (LICs), which often cause recurrence of leukaemia after initially successful treatment. Here we report the discovery of a novel mechanism of drug resistance, which is based on protective feedback signalling of leukaemia cells in response to treatment with TKI. We identify BCL6 as a central component of this drug-resistance pathway and demonstrate that targeted inhibition of BCL6 leads to eradication of drug-resistant and leukaemia-initiating subclones.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597744/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597744/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duy, Cihangir -- Hurtz, Christian -- Shojaee, Seyedmehdi -- Cerchietti, Leandro -- Geng, Huimin -- Swaminathan, Srividya -- Klemm, Lars -- Kweon, Soo-mi -- Nahar, Rahul -- Braig, Melanie -- Park, Eugene -- Kim, Yong-mi -- Hofmann, Wolf-Karsten -- Herzog, Sebastian -- Jumaa, Hassan -- Koeffler, H Phillip -- Yu, J Jessica -- Heisterkamp, Nora -- Graeber, Thomas G -- Wu, Hong -- Ye, B Hilda -- Melnick, Ari -- Muschen, Markus -- R01 CA026038/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA085573/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA139032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA139032-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA139032-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA139032-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA157644/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA026038/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA085573/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA090321/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA104348/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA137060/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA139032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA157664/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA152497/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA152497-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA152497-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21CA152497/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 May 19;473(7347):384-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09883.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21593872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; *Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/*drug ; therapy/genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    DNMT1-interacting RNAs block gene-specific DNA methylation (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-10-11
    Description: DNA methylation was first described almost a century ago; however, the rules governing its establishment and maintenance remain elusive. Here we present data demonstrating that active transcription regulates levels of genomic methylation. We identify a novel RNA arising from the CEBPA gene locus that is critical in regulating the local DNA methylation profile. This RNA binds to DNMT1 and prevents CEBPA gene locus methylation. Deep sequencing of transcripts associated with DNMT1 combined with genome-scale methylation and expression profiling extend the generality of this finding to numerous gene loci. Collectively, these results delineate the nature of DNMT1-RNA interactions and suggest strategies for gene-selective demethylation of therapeutic targets in human diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3870304/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3870304/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Di Ruscio, Annalisa -- Ebralidze, Alexander K -- Benoukraf, Touati -- Amabile, Giovanni -- Goff, Loyal A -- Terragni, Jolyon -- Figueroa, Maria Eugenia -- De Figueiredo Pontes, Lorena Lobo -- Alberich-Jorda, Meritxell -- Zhang, Pu -- Wu, Mengchu -- D'Alo, Francesco -- Melnick, Ari -- Leone, Giuseppe -- Ebralidze, Konstantin K -- Pradhan, Sriharsa -- Rinn, John L -- Tenen, Daniel G -- CA118316/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA66996/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL56745/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA066996/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA118316/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL056745/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL112719/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007917-11A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Nov 21;503(7476):371-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12598. Epub 2013 Oct 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Hematology, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy [4].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24107992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase/*metabolism ; DNA Methylation/*genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation/*genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-02-22
    Description: Recurrent mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 have been identified in gliomas, acute myeloid leukaemias (AML) and chondrosarcomas, and share a novel enzymatic property of producing 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate. Here we report that 2HG-producing IDH mutants can prevent the histone demethylation that is required for lineage-specific progenitor cells to differentiate into terminally differentiated cells. In tumour samples from glioma patients, IDH mutations were associated with a distinct gene expression profile enriched for genes expressed in neural progenitor cells, and this was associated with increased histone methylation. To test whether the ability of IDH mutants to promote histone methylation contributes to a block in cell differentiation in non-transformed cells, we tested the effect of neomorphic IDH mutants on adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Introduction of either mutant IDH or cell-permeable 2HG was associated with repression of the inducible expression of lineage-specific differentiation genes and a block to differentiation. This correlated with a significant increase in repressive histone methylation marks without observable changes in promoter DNA methylation. Gliomas were found to have elevated levels of similar histone repressive marks. Stable transfection of a 2HG-producing mutant IDH into immortalized astrocytes resulted in progressive accumulation of histone methylation. Of the marks examined, increased H3K9 methylation reproducibly preceded a rise in DNA methylation as cells were passaged in culture. Furthermore, we found that the 2HG-inhibitable H3K9 demethylase KDM4C was induced during adipocyte differentiation, and that RNA-interference suppression of KDM4C was sufficient to block differentiation. Together these data demonstrate that 2HG can inhibit histone demethylation and that inhibition of histone demethylation can be sufficient to block the differentiation of non-transformed cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3478770/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3478770/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lu, Chao -- Ward, Patrick S -- Kapoor, Gurpreet S -- Rohle, Dan -- Turcan, Sevin -- Abdel-Wahab, Omar -- Edwards, Christopher R -- Khanin, Raya -- Figueroa, Maria E -- Melnick, Ari -- Wellen, Kathryn E -- O'Rourke, Donald M -- Berger, Shelley L -- Chan, Timothy A -- Levine, Ross L -- Mellinghoff, Ingo K -- Thompson, Craig B -- R01 CA078831/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA105463/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54CA143798/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Feb 15;483(7390):474-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10860.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22343901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Animals ; Astrocytes/cytology/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects/*genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; DNA Methylation/drug effects ; Enzyme Induction/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Glioma/enzymology/genetics/pathology ; Glutarates/metabolism/pharmacology ; HEK293 Cells ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors/*genetics/metabolism ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/antagonists & ; inhibitors/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Methylation/drug effects ; Mice ; Mutation/*genetics ; Neural Stem Cells/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    IDH1(R132H) mutation increases murine haematopoietic progenitors and alters epigenetics (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-07-06
    Description: Mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenases are frequently found in human glioblastomas and cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemias (AML). These alterations are gain-of-function mutations in that they drive the synthesis of the 'oncometabolite' R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). It remains unclear how IDH1 and IDH2 mutations modify myeloid cell development and promote leukaemogenesis. Here we report the characterization of conditional knock-in (KI) mice in which the most common IDH1 mutation, IDH1(R132H), is inserted into the endogenous murine Idh1 locus and is expressed in all haematopoietic cells (Vav-KI mice) or specifically in cells of the myeloid lineage (LysM-KI mice). These mutants show increased numbers of early haematopoietic progenitors and develop splenomegaly and anaemia with extramedullary haematopoiesis, suggesting a dysfunctional bone marrow niche. Furthermore, LysM-KI cells have hypermethylated histones and changes to DNA methylation similar to those observed in human IDH1- or IDH2-mutant AML. To our knowledge, our study is the first to describe the generation and characterization of conditional IDH1(R132H)-KI mice, and also the first report to demonstrate the induction of a leukaemic DNA methylation signature in a mouse model. Our report thus sheds light on the mechanistic links between IDH1 mutation and human AML.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005896/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005896/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sasaki, Masato -- Knobbe, Christiane B -- Munger, Joshua C -- Lind, Evan F -- Brenner, Dirk -- Brustle, Anne -- Harris, Isaac S -- Holmes, Roxanne -- Wakeham, Andrew -- Haight, Jillian -- You-Ten, Annick -- Li, Wanda Y -- Schalm, Stefanie -- Su, Shinsan M -- Virtanen, Carl -- Reifenberger, Guido -- Ohashi, Pamela S -- Barber, Dwayne L -- Figueroa, Maria E -- Melnick, Ari -- Zuniga-Pflucker, Juan-Carlos -- Mak, Tak W -- R01 AI081773/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 30;488(7413):656-9. doi: 10.1038/nature11323.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22763442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Cell Lineage ; CpG Islands/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epigenesis, Genetic/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Glioma/pathology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/*metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mutant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation/*genetics ; Myeloid Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Spleen/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    A stable transcription factor complex nucleated by oligomeric AML1-ETO controls leukaemogenesis (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-07-03
    Description: Transcription factors are frequently altered in leukaemia through chromosomal translocation, mutation or aberrant expression. AML1-ETO, a fusion protein generated by the t(8;21) translocation in acute myeloid leukaemia, is a transcription factor implicated in both gene repression and activation. AML1-ETO oligomerization, mediated by the NHR2 domain, is critical for leukaemogenesis, making it important to identify co-regulatory factors that 'read' the NHR2 oligomerization and contribute to leukaemogenesis. Here we show that, in human leukaemic cells, AML1-ETO resides in and functions through a stable AML1-ETO-containing transcription factor complex (AETFC) that contains several haematopoietic transcription (co)factors. These AETFC components stabilize the complex through multivalent interactions, provide multiple DNA-binding domains for diverse target genes, co-localize genome wide, cooperatively regulate gene expression, and contribute to leukaemogenesis. Within the AETFC complex, AML1-ETO oligomerization is required for a specific interaction between the oligomerized NHR2 domain and a novel NHR2-binding (N2B) motif in E proteins. Crystallographic analysis of the NHR2-N2B complex reveals a unique interaction pattern in which an N2B peptide makes direct contact with side chains of two NHR2 domains as a dimer, providing a novel model of how dimeric/oligomeric transcription factors create a new protein-binding interface through dimerization/oligomerization. Intriguingly, disruption of this interaction by point mutations abrogates AML1-ETO-induced haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell self-renewal and leukaemogenesis. These results reveal new mechanisms of action of AML1-ETO, and provide a potential therapeutic target in t(8;21)-positive acute myeloid leukaemia.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732535/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732535/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Xiao-Jian -- Wang, Zhanxin -- Wang, Lan -- Jiang, Yanwen -- Kost, Nils -- Soong, T David -- Chen, Wei-Yi -- Tang, Zhanyun -- Nakadai, Tomoyoshi -- Elemento, Olivier -- Fischle, Wolfgang -- Melnick, Ari -- Patel, Dinshaw J -- Nimer, Stephen D -- Roeder, Robert G -- CA113872/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA129325/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA163086/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA166835/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA163086/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA166835/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR024143/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1RR024143/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Aug 1;500(7460):93-7. doi: 10.1038/nature12287. Epub 2013 Jun 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/chemistry/*metabolism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/chemistry/*metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Stability ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Signalling thresholds and negative B-cell selection in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-25
    Description: B cells are selected for an intermediate level of B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signalling strength: attenuation below minimum (for example, non-functional BCR) or hyperactivation above maximum (for example, self-reactive BCR) thresholds of signalling strength causes negative selection. In approximately 25% of cases, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cells carry the oncogenic BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase (Philadelphia chromosome positive), which mimics constitutively active pre-BCR signalling. Current therapeutic approaches are largely focused on the development of more potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors to suppress oncogenic signalling below a minimum threshold for survival. We tested the hypothesis that targeted hyperactivation--above a maximum threshold--will engage a deletional checkpoint for removal of self-reactive B cells and selectively kill ALL cells. Here we find, by testing various components of proximal pre-BCR signalling in mouse BCR-ABL1 cells, that an incremental increase of Syk tyrosine kinase activity was required and sufficient to induce cell death. Hyperactive Syk was functionally equivalent to acute activation of a self-reactive BCR on ALL cells. Despite oncogenic transformation, this basic mechanism of negative selection was still functional in ALL cells. Unlike normal pre-B cells, patient-derived ALL cells express the inhibitory receptors PECAM1, CD300A and LAIR1 at high levels. Genetic studies revealed that Pecam1, Cd300a and Lair1 are critical to calibrate oncogenic signalling strength through recruitment of the inhibitory phosphatases Ptpn6 (ref. 7) and Inpp5d (ref. 8). Using a novel small-molecule inhibitor of INPP5D (also known as SHIP1), we demonstrated that pharmacological hyperactivation of SYK and engagement of negative B-cell selection represents a promising new strategy to overcome drug resistance in human ALL.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441554/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441554/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Zhengshan -- Shojaee, Seyedmehdi -- Buchner, Maike -- Geng, Huimin -- Lee, Jae Woong -- Klemm, Lars -- Titz, Bjorn -- Graeber, Thomas G -- Park, Eugene -- Tan, Ying Xim -- Satterthwaite, Anne -- Paietta, Elisabeth -- Hunger, Stephen P -- Willman, Cheryl L -- Melnick, Ari -- Loh, Mignon L -- Jung, Jae U -- Coligan, John E -- Bolland, Silvia -- Mak, Tak W -- Limnander, Andre -- Jumaa, Hassan -- Reth, Michael -- Weiss, Arthur -- Lowell, Clifford A -- Muschen, Markus -- 101880/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- CA180794/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA180820/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI068150/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI113272/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137060/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA139032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA157644/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA169458/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA172558/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA137060/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA139032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA157644/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA169458/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA172558/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA157937/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA180794/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA180820/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA180827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA180886/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA114737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA196172/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 May 21;521(7552):357-61. doi: 10.1038/nature14231. Epub 2015 Mar 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. ; Rosalind Russell-Ephraim P. Engleman Medical Research Center for Arthritis, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10466, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104, USA. ; University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102, USA. ; Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA. ; Receptor Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. ; Autoimmunity and Functional Genomics Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. ; The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. ; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Institute of Immunology, University Clinics Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany. ; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, and MPI of Immunbiologie and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25799995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs/genetics ; Animals ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; Antigens, CD31/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*metabolism/*pathology ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/agonists/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug ; therapy/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Tyrosine/metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Corrigendum: Signalling thresholds and negative B-cell selection in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Zhengshan -- Shojaee, Seyedmehdi -- Buchner, Maike -- Geng, Huimin -- Lee, Jae Woong -- Klemm, Lars -- Titz, Bjorn -- Graeber, Thomas G -- Park, Eugene -- Tan, Ying Xim -- Satterthwaite, Anne -- Paietta, Elisabeth -- Hunger, Stephen P -- Willman, Cheryl L -- Melnick, Ari -- Loh, Mignon L -- Jung, Jae U -- Coligan, John E -- Bolland, Silvia -- Mak, Tak W -- Limnander, Andre -- Jumaa, Hassan -- Reth, Michael -- Weiss, Arthur -- Lowell, Clifford A -- Muschen, Markus -- Nature. 2016 Mar 9. doi: 10.1038/nature16997.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26958840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Correction to 'Speciation over the edge: gene flow among non-human primate species across a formidable biogeographic barrier (2018)
    Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-14
    Keywords: genetics, bioinformatics, evolution
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-5703
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Royal Society
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    Controls on submarine canyon activity during sea-level highstands: The Biobio canyon system offshore Chile (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-31
    Description: Newly acquired high-resolution bathymetric data (with 5 m and 2 m grid sizes) from the continental shelf off Concepción (Chile), in combination with seismic reflection profiles, reveal a distinctly different evolution for the Biobío submarine canyon compared to that of one of its tributaries. Both canyons are incised into the shelf of the active margin. Whereas the inner shelf appears to be mantled with unconsolidated sediment, the outer shelf shows the influence of strong bottom currents that form drifts of loose sediment and transport material into the Biobío submarine canyon and onto the continental slope. The main stem of the Biobío Canyon is connected to the mouth of the Biobío River and currently provides a conduit for terrestrial sediment from the continental shelf to the deep seafloor. In contrast, the head of its tributary closest to the coast is located ~24 km offshore of the present-day coastline at 120 m water depth, and it is subject to passive sedimentation. However, canyon activity within the study area is interpreted to be controlled not only by the direct input of fluvial sediments into the canyon head facilitated by the river-mouth to canyon-head connection, but also by input from southward-directed bottom currents and possibly longshore drift. In addition, about 24 km offshore of the present-day coastline, the main stem of the Biobío Canyon has steep canyon walls next to sites of active tectonic deformation that are prone to wall failure. Mass-failure events may also foster turbidity currents and contribute to canyon feeding. In contrast, the tributary has less steep canyon walls with limited evidence of canyon-wall failure and is located down-system of bottom currents from the Biobío Canyon. It consequently receives neither fluvial nor longshore sediments. Therefore, the canyon’s connectivity to fluvial or longshore sediment delivery pathways is affected by the distance of the canyon head from the coastline and the orientation of the canyon axis relative to the direction of bottom currents. The ability of a submarine canyon to act as an active conduit for large quantities of terrestrial sediment toward the deep sea during sea-level highstands may be controlled by several different conditions simultaneously. These include bottom current direction, structural deformation of the seafloor affecting canyon location and orientation as well as canyon-wall failure, shelf gradient and associated distance from the canyon head to the coast, and fluvial networks. The complex interplay between these factors may vary even within an individual canyon system, resulting in distinct levels of canyon activity on a regional scale.
    Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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